Various risks associated with the rapid iteration and application of generative artificial intelligence have made the“artificial intelligence threat theory”prevalent in the public eye. Based on the perspective of collective action，this research interpreted the problem of artificial intelligence application as a problem of collective responsibility. It also analyzed the collective responsibility positioning of the public initiative and reflexivity in the application of generative artificial intelligence and the collective obligations of the public in the governance of generative artificial intelligence. This research uses structural injustice to understand the application problems of generative artificial intelligence，explains the dilemma of scientific communication in promoting public understanding of generative artificial intelligence，and analyzes the way out from the perspective of trust. The collective nature of generative artificial intelligence application issues determines the collective significance of promoting public understanding of generative artificial intelligence. It is urgently necessary for the responsibility ethics of generative artificial intelligence to move from personal ethics to collective ethics.

Agricultural science popularization represents a crucial aspect of the socialized services provided by Science and Technology Backyards，playing a pivotal role in the transformation of agricultural scientific knowledge and technology into the agricultural production sector. This model is embedded within the overall structure of Science and Technology Backyards. Currently，agricultural science popularization faces challenges due to factors such as the segmentation of rural“acquaintance societies”，the complexity and diversity of agricultural issues，the uneven distribution of science popularization personnel，and the slow digital transformation. These factors lead to difficulties in establishing trust，insufficient personalized supply，unequal opportunities for science popularization，and relatively singular dissemination channels. By integrating Science and Technology Backyards into rural production and life，focusing on farmers’individual needs，consolidating talent resources，and enriching the forms of science popularization，they effectively address the general issues in agricultural science popularization and bridge the last mile in the transformation of agricultural science and technology into agricultural production. To enhance the efficiency of the agricultural science popularization model of the Backyard Science and Technology，it is recommended to accelerate the construction and improvement of the quality and quantity of Science and Technology Backyards，to promote the diversification of science popularization categories，to establish mechanisms for diverse participation，and to optimize the layout of agricultural network science popularization. These measures will better enable Science and Technology Backyards to fulfill their role in promoting agricultural technology.

The primary goal of the“Elite Program”is to cultivate a cohort of students with a strong interest in scientific research and a commitment to engaging in foundational science and technology innovation. This program places high demands on the professional commitment levels of its participants. This study，based on a survey of 22 515 undergraduate students from 39“985 Project”universities，analyzes the impact of the“Elite Program”on students’professional commitment during their university years. The results show that male students，those from urban households，those whose fathers have a bachelor’s degree or higher，those studying at“C9 League”universities，and those in science，engineering，agriculture，or medical majors are more prevalent among“Elite Program”participants. Conversely，students from high schools in the western regions are less represented. The overall level of professional commitment，and the levels of idealistic and affective commitment，are significantly higher among“Elite Program”students compared to non-participants. The program has a significant positive impact on students’overall professional commitment，idealistic commitment，and affective commitment during university. Students from socioeconomically advantaged backgrounds and those in science，engineering，agriculture，or medical majors are more likely to have their professional commitment positively influenced by the“Elite Program”. Based on these findings，this research provides relevant recommendations.

Extracurricular science education plays a crucial role in fostering students’scientific interests and is an integral part of effective science education. This study，based on a combination of stratified and random sampling，conducted a large-scale survey among 275 primary and secondary schools in Beijing. The results reveal that extracurricular science education in Beijing has achieved positive outcomes in terms of teacher development，curriculum and activity implementation，and resource utilization. However，There are also some issues，including a shortage of teachers，an imbalance in the development of technology courses and activities relative to educational resources，and inadequate policy support and incentives. Disparities exist between urban and rural schools，with rural schools demonstrating unique advantages in terms of physical resources and modern educational technology utilization. Different levels of science education demonstration schools face distinct challenges and advantages. Based on these findings，we propose four recommendations to promote the development of extracurricular science education：enhance its importance，leverage the unique strengths of rural schools，utilize the exemplary role of the“Golden Eagle”science and technology team，and tailor targeted investment and safeguard strategies according to the specific context of science education demonstration schools，aiming for a balanced and efficient utilization of science education resources.

The pioneers of the Communist Party of China emphasized the role of science in enlightening and transforming society. As one of the earliest Marxists in China，Li Dazhao had a unique perspective on science. This paper adopts a historical contextualist methodology，attempting to return to the context of the May Fourth New Culture Movement. Based on the examination of historical materials，it is found that，compared with his contemporaries，Li Dazhao adhered to active historical materialism. He based his actions on a belief in the spirit of science，advocated scientific methods from a dialectical materialist standpoint，and practiced a unity of knowledge and action. He revered the view of science as both epistemology and methodology，applying it to academic research and practical life. He promoted a materialistic view of history and an enterprising outlook on life without falling into the trap of scientism. This perspective enhances our understanding of the spirit of scientific rationality and provides contemporary insights for promoting Chinese-style modernization，emphasizing the cultivation and advocacy of scientific spirit and a pragmatic ethos in ideology and actively conducting research with both problem awareness and emotional care in practice.

In the 1950s，the rise of science and educational films in China established foundational creative principles with enduring influence，which reflected the characteristics of the times. This study examines the evolution of science and educational films in China during this period，tracing the historical context of their emergence and analyzing relevant literature and archival materials. It is argued that the basic form and characteristic nature of science and educational films became gradually clear during this phase，marking the establishment of the science and educational film industry in New China. Of particular interest is the multiple missions assigned to science and educational films by the state，which underwent transitions reflecting the era，from serving production practices to emphasizing scientific，ideological，and artistic aspects，and finally to serving political propaganda needs. These transitions profoundly embody the scientific views of China in the 1950s and reflect important features of the science popularization efforts at that time，offering valuable insights for contemporary science popularization work.

The national capacity for science popularization refers to the ability of a state to provide popular science products and services to the entire society with the aim of improving citizens’scientific literacy and promote scientific and technological innovation. As the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation progresses，national science popularization capacity has emerged as a critical index that can not be overlooked for accessing a country’s comprehensive strength. This paper examines the complex domestic and international landscape of science popularization and its role in enabling Chinese-style modernization through a goal-oriented and problem-solving approach. It analyzes the mission and requirements for constructing national science popularization capacity in the new era. It analyzes the mission and requirements for constructing of national science popularization capacity in the new era. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as the national innovation system and the long-standing practice of China’s science popularization capacity building，it elucidates the contemporary significance of this concept. The discussion extends to the construction of a national science popularization capacity system in the new era，focusing on three core elements：science popularization resources，platforms，and talents. Subsequently，it proposes an effective strategy for enhancing national science popularization capacity that includes：strengthening supporting mechanism，enhancing core elements supply and promoting practical innovation.

It is of vital importance to promote the outstanding traditional Chinese culture for the purpose of advancing the development of science education in China. We can delve into the glorious traditional Chinese culture，especially in the realms of outstanding traditional science and education，to explore the“root”and“soul”of Chinese science education. This endeavor aims to promote the localization of science education，paving the way for a development path with distinctive Chinese characteristics，style，demeanor，and spirit. Upholding the outstanding traditional Chinese culture not only facilitates the creative transformation from a model of scientific knowledge education to that of scientific cultural education，but also contributes to achieving innovative development through the organic integration of tradition and modernity，East and West，and science and humanities.

Using fine traditional Chinese culture in the naming of Chinese science and technology achievements is an active case of the science popularization，and it is necessary to analyze its characteristics and values. This study takes Micius Satellite for Quantum Science Experiments“Mozi”，amphibious aircraft“Kun Long”AG600，and the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program“Chang’e project’as the research objects，and analyzes the fine traditional Chinese culture in the naming of Chinese science and technology achievements from the perspective of constructivism. It is found that Chinese science and technologiy achievements are often named with such prestigious elements as the names of ancient Chinese scientists，and people，things or events in Chinese myths，poems and songs. The value of these practices in the field of science and technology culture includes the following aspects：The realization of the contemporary value of traditional culture，the promotion of the unity of sentiment，the inspiration of the public to participate in science popularization，and the interaction with other civilizations. Against this backdrop，this research argues that we should continue to promote the integration of fine traditional Chinese culture in the science popularization through innovative activities such as the naming of Chinese achievement of science and technology，and to increase the willingness of the public to access the content and participate in the science popularization activities.

Enriching supply，innovating form and optimizing content are important tasks of science popularization in the new era. Museums not only collect many precious cultural relics，but also have widespread popular support，which are unique advantages in promoting citizens’scientific and artistic quality. The National Museum of China（NMC）is the top palace of history，art，and a cultural parlor for China. This paper takes the smart exhibition named“Digital World of Rhino-shaped Vessel”in NMC as an example，attempting to analyze the design and effect of the exhibition from the perspective of science popularization. To strengthen science popularization in the new era，it’s vital to deeply delve into the fine traditional Chinese culture and make full use of profound cultural resources in enhancing scientific and artistic quality of citizens.