Latest ArticlesIn recent years, there has been a notable surge of interest in integrating advanced control techniques within power electronic systems. This article presents the utilization of neural network (NN) controllers within the realm of threephase inverter control. While traditional control methods like proportional integralderivative (PID) and pulse width modulation (PWM) have proven effective, they sometimes fall short of meeting the demands of modern applications. These contemporary requirements encompass heightened precision, adaptability to changing conditions, and resilience against uncertainties. This study employs an NN controller to achieve current control in a threephase standalone inverter system. A dataset is prepared using model predictive control (MPC) to train the neural network model, and appropriate hyperparameters are chosen, facilitating offline learning. The entire setup is implemented within the MATLAB Simulink platform, allowing for an indepth analysis of its performance. This analysis includes the assessment of prediction errors and the evaluation of total harmonic distortion (THD). In addition, the article conducts a comparative study between the neural network controller and the MPC controller, presenting and discussing the obtained results. Further, the proposed method is realized in the hardware in loop OPAL RT setup, and the realtime performance is analyzed.
This paper proposes a highresolution digital pulse width modulator (DPWM) signal optimization method for the critical path delay based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA), which mainly aims to improve the output regulation accuracy and linearity of the DPWM. This method realizes highresolution and highlinearity DPWM output by constructing the logical symmetric multiplexer and the synchronous 2to1 selector for the critical path, and a simple placement constraint is used to reduce the critical path delay deviation. The highresolution DPWM signal has the advantages of excellent linearity, easy expansion, and strong versatility, thus especially suitable for power electronic switching converters with high frequency, high accuracy, and high realtime control. The simulation and experimental results show that the DPWM with different FPGA achieves a resolution of 312.5 ps and high linearity, where R2 is up to 0.99999. Finally, the proposed method is verified in a 48 V to 1 V DC/DC converter with a switching frequency of 1 MHz.
Horizontal misalignment to the Y and Xaxes can be as much as half the side length of a transmitting resonant coil or 10 cm for both dynamic and static wireless power transfer (DSWPT) systems. Misalignment to the Yaxis and Xaxis may cause DSWPT systems to malfunction due to fluctuations in mutual inductance. In this paper, a structure of edgeenhanced coil (EEC) is proposed. The mutual inductance expression of the EEC structure is then established. Moreover, the variation of the mutual inductance of the EEC structure is obtained based on the mutual inductance expression. The study demonstrates that the mutual inductance of the EEC structure can be increased while reducing its fluctuation. The problem that quasiconstant mutual inductance is obtained at the expense of mutual inductance value is solved. Therefore, the high transmission efficiency of DSWPT systems can be obtained, and the transmission efficiency and output power can be maintained almost constant with the misalignment to the Yaxis or Xaxis. The calculated, simulated, and measured results validating the effectiveness of the EEC structure are shown.
When finite set model predictive control is applied to an OZsource inverter (OZSI) containing a transformer, there are multiple control variables, it is difficult to adjust the weighting factors, and the currents on both sides of the transformer could change abruptly, making it impossible to calculate and derive reference values to directly predict and control the currents on both sides of the transformer. In this paper, an improved sequentialmodel predictive control is proposed for OZSI with a transformer without adjusting the weighting factors. By equating the transformer as a parallel connection of the excitation inductance with a set of ideal transformers without adjusting the weighting factors, the reference value of the magnetization current of the excitation inductance can be calculated according to the theoretical derivation, which can realize the predictive control of the OZSI. Simulation analysis and experimental results show that the proposed control method achieves the sequentialmodel predictive control of OZSI without adjusting the weight factors, with good steadystate and dynamic characteristics.
An Improved Reweighted Zero Attracting Normalized Least Mean Square (IRZANLMS) based control scheme is applied in 4wire Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) to mitigate current and voltagebased power quality issues. The IRZANLMS algorithm has increased efficiency with regard to exploratory rate, steadystate error, and overcoming the drawbacks of NLMS techniques. To raise convergence rate of active signals, the IRZANLMS algorithm uses an efficient thresholdbased gain function and involvement of zero attracting term is used to determine the inactive signals to their optimum zero stage. In addition to IRZANLMS algorithm, a SelfAdaptive Multi Population Rao (SAMPRao) optimization is employed to evolve gains of the proportional integral (PI) controller. The SAMPRao increases diversity of solution search by splitting total considered population into subpopulation groups, each of which searches for the optimal solution in a search space, ensuring that no single individual is trapped in a local minima and allowing for better exploration and exploitation search. The Integral Time Absolute Error objective function is used to optimize the gains of PI controller of DC and AC link voltage. In laboratory environment, the prescribed method is implemented through Microlab box processor with MATLAB interface.
This paper proposes a largesignal modelbased circulating current control approach to achieve the circulating current suppression and power quality improvement for power conversion systems (PCSs) under unbalanced conditions. Specifically, first of all, the adaptive capacitive virtual impedance (VI) is developed based on the change of the current difference to minimize the positivesequence circulating current (PSCC). The robust droop control is introduced to tune the positivesequence voltage output and implement the load sharing. Secondly, the negativesequence reference signal is generated to enable negativesequence current sharing. The secondary control signal is integrated with the positivesequence voltage output to modify the voltage reference of the PCS and realize the unbalanced voltage compensation. Finally, the zerosequence circulating current (ZSCC) controller is proposed by introducing the QPR controller and the feedforward term to suppress the ZSCC and attenuate the effect of filtering parameters on zeroaxis current. The Lyapunov theorybased stability analysis is provided to prove the stabilization of the system modeled by a large signal. Experiments are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
This article introduces an innovative singlesourcebased 19level switched capacitor multilevel inverter (SCMLI) and its generalized structure. Unlike other SCMLIs, this proposed SCMLI eliminates the need for an Hbridge circuit for polarity generation, thereby reducing the inverter's total standing voltage (TSV). The article provides a circuit description of the proposed inverter, its operating principle, and the modulation strategy employed. Furthermore, the article outlines an optimal capacitor selection method and conducts various power loss analyses for the 19level proposed SCMLI. A detailed comparative study with similar SCMLIs shows that the proposed SCMLI achieves higher output voltage levels while utilizing fewer components such as switches, drivers, diodes and capacitors. Furthermore, it offers a more costeffective function per output voltage level than recently reported similar SCMLIs. An extensive experimental study has been conducted on a prototype of the 19level SCMLI to validate its performance.
As the power core of a new energy vehicle, the operation reliability, especially the faulttolerant operation ability of the electric drive system is directly related with the safety and user experience. The openend winding topology with a common DC bus demonstrates many advantages and consequently attracts lots of attentions in the application of the new energy vehicles. However, most of existing faulttolerant solutions for this topology, treat switch opencircuit fault as an opencircuit phase fault, which limits the system's faulttolerant operation performance. Based on the analysis of the phase current and voltage characteristics after the switch open circuit fault, a faulttolerant control scheme through biasing the faultphase current is proposed in this paper, aiming to enhancing the load capability. Through this bias control the faultphase current is only at one direction, i.e., positive or negative direction as expected, which allows the antiparallel diode of the opencircuit switch be used to generate the voltage level desired. Therefore, the output voltage is not affected by the fault switch device. As found through mathematical calculation, both the output voltage and the output torque are increased greatly through the proposed fault tolerant scheme. At last, the effectiveness and advantages of proposed scheme is confirmed and demonstrated through experiments.
This paper presents boostzeta DC/DC converters utilizing coupled inductors, suitable for applications in the field of new energy power generation. The converters have high voltage gain, lower power switch stress, and cost characteristics. The boost substructure of the converters contains a diode and buffer circuit, which can effectively suppress the voltage spike caused by leakage inductance, and ensure the power level and efficiency of the converters. This paper introduces the working principle and steadystate performance of the improved converter in the case of continuous and intermittent excitation inductor current, and compares it with other coupled inductor DCDC converters in terms of voltage gain, power switch stress, efficiency, and circuit components. Finally, the improved converter is validated by simulation and experiment. A prototype is built in the laboratory to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Parallel operation of silicon carbide (SiC) metaloxidesemiconductor fieldeffect transistors (MOSFETs) is necessary for highpower applications. However, the dynamic current sharing of paralleled devices is very sensitive to mismatched circuit parasitic inductances due to their high switching speeds. Symmetric parasitic inductances are usually difficult to realize because of the limitation of circuit layout, especially when more than two devices are paralleled. In this paper, the effects of the circulating current in the drive circuit caused by the circuit mismatches, which result in dynamic current imbalance, are firstly analyzed in detail. The influences of related drive circuit parameters are presented, which reveal the mechanism of dynamic current sharing. Motivated by the analysis, a suppression method of the circulating current is proposed by inserting additional impedances in the drive circuit. Considering the coupling noises introduced by the additional impedances, the concept of blocking unit is proposed to guarantee the proper operation of the drive circuit. A simple circuit implementation and the operation principle are presented. Finally, the drive method is validated by both simulations and experiments. Experimental results show the peak current imbalance is reduced from 16.5% to 3.2% and the maximum switching loss imbalance is reduced by half.