Latest ArticlesTo investigate the regulatory effect of Modified Chaihu Shugan Decoction（加味柴胡疏肝汤）on epileptic mice through the protein kinases 1（RIP1）/protein kinases 3（RIP3）/mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein（MLKL）pathway.
Sixty KM mice were randomly divided into normal group，model group，low dose group of Modified Chaihu Shugan Decoction［19.52 g/（kg· d）］，medium dose group of Modified Chaihu Shugan Decoction［39.04 g/（kg·d）］，high dose group of Modified Chaihu Shugan Decoction［78.08 g/（kg·d）］and carbamazepine group［30 mg/（kg·d）］. Epilepsy models were prepared using pilocarpine hydrochloride. After continuous gavage for two weeks，the general condition and electroencephalogram（EEG）of the mice were observed. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining was used to observe pathological and morphological changes. TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling（TUNEL）method was used to detect the apoptosis rate of neural cells. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction（qRT-PCR）and Western Blot（WB）measured the mRNA and protein expression levels of RIP1，RIP3，MLKL，tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-1β（IL-1β）and interleukin-6（IL-6）in the hippocampus of the mice.
Compared with the normal group，the body weight of the model group mice was decreased significantly；EEG can clearly observe continuous epileptic waves；HE staining showed that many neurons were pyknotic，with reduced cell volume and irregular morphology. The boundaries between the nucleus and cytoplasm were unclear，and the staining deepened；The positive rate of apoptotic cells significantly increased；The relative expression levels of RIP1，RIP3，MLKL，TNFα，IL-1βand IL-6 were significantly increased. After drug treatment，the weight of mice in each group increased slightly compared to that of the model group. The frequency and intensity of epileptic discharges in EEG waves were significantly reduced. The positive rates of apoptotic cells in the medium dose and high dose groups of Modified Chaihu Shugan Decoction and carbamazepine group were significantly lower than those in the model group，with statistical significance. The relative expression levels of mRNA and protein of RIP1，RIP3，MLKL，TNF-α，IL-1βand IL-6 in the high dose group of Modified Chaihu Shugan Decoction and the carbamazepine group were significantly lower than those of the model group，indicating statistical significance.
Modified Chaihu Shugan Decoction may exert its anti epileptic effect through the RIP1/RIP3/MLKL signaling pathway.
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world，its morbidity and mortality rank first，and has become the number one killer threatening human life and health in the world. Traditional Chinese medicine is widely used in the comprehensive treatment of anti-lung cancer，and its curative effect is exact. As the most common active component of traditional Chinese medicine，traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharide has a prominent anti-tumor immune effect. A large number of studies have found that traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides，such as Astragalus polysaccharides，Ginseng polysaccharide，Epimedium polysaccharides，Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide，Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides and Dendrobium polysaccharide，can improve the immune microenvironment of lung cancer tumors by regulating immune cells such as macrophages，dendritic cells，natural killer cells，myeloid suppressor cells，T cells and regulatory T cells to improve the function and activity of immune cells and enhance the body＇s immune response，so as to better play the role of anti-lung cancer. By collecting literatures on the anti-lung cancer effect of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides at home and abroad in recent years，this paper discussed the regulation of immune cells by traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides and the specific mechanism of its anti-lung cancer effect，with a view to providing new ideas for the anti-lung cancer treatment of TCM as well as a new theoretical basis for the research and development of clinically related new drugs，and promoting the extensive clinical application of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of lung cancer.
To explore the potential mechanism of Guizhi Fuling Pill（桂枝茯苓丸，GFW）in the treatment of adenomyosis（AM）by combining gut microbiota and metabolomics technology.
Seven-week-old ICR mice were randomized assigned to the control，model and GFW groups. The AM model was developed by the allogeneic pituitary transplantation method. The three groups were sacrificed after 8 weeks of intragastric administration. Histopathological changes of the mice uterus were evaluated，and the frequency and amplitude of uterine contraction in vitro were detected.16SrRNA gene sequencing was utilized to compare the changes in the Alpha and Beta diversity of the intestinal flora before and after GFW intervention，and to screen the differential gut microbiota. The changes of gut metabolites after GFW treatment were explored using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry（LC-MS）. Correlation analysis was performed on the differential microbiota and metabolites to find out the possible mechanism of GFW regulating AM，followed by experimental validation.
HE staining confirmed that the AM model was successfully formed. Compared with those of the model group，the amplitude of uterine contraction in vitro was significantly decreased after GFW treatment（P<0.05），and the contraction frequency showed a downward trend. The Alpha diversity of gut microbiota showed that there was no significant difference in Observed species and Ace index among the three groups. The distribution of gut microbiota varied significantly between the control and model groups，according to the Beta diversity results. GFW treatment was able to modulate the gut flora composition of AM mice to varying degrees. Further analysis indicated that the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bacteroides in the intestine of AM mice was significantly down-regulated（P<0.01，P<0.01），whereas the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Tenericutes was significantly up-regulated（P<0.05，P<0.05）. After GFW intervention，the abundance of Tenericutes，Mycoplasma and Enterorhabdus was significantly decreased（P<0.05，P<0.05，P<0.01），while Parabacteroides was significantly increased（P<0.05）. The results of metabolomics screening proved that the AM mice had 22 intestinal differential metabolites related to oxidative stress，immunity and uterine smooth muscle contraction，such as prostaglandin D3，glutamic acid，tryptophan，hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and stercobilin. Correlation analysis displayed parts of the gut microbiota were significantly correlated with the metabolites. Subsequent experimental verified the levels of reactive oxygen species（ROS），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）and interleukin-17（IL-17）were significantly higher in AM mice. The GFW treatment demonstrated a significant reduction in expression levels of ROSand TNF-α.
GFW can improve uterine smooth muscle contraction，oxidative stress and immune response in AM mice，which may be related to the regulation of gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites. Its specific regulatory mechanism needs to be confirmed by further studies.
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes（TILs）therapy has become one of the most promising immunotherapies at present，and its advantages of good effect and low toxicity and side effects have made it more and more popular in clinical treatment. TILs are a kind of immune cells present in tumor tissues，which play the role of inhibiting tumor growth and specifically killing tumor cells by directly or indirectly participating in immune response. Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）has a profound influence in the field of tumor therapy，and a large number of studies have shown that TCM monomers，such as mulberry huang polysaccharides，triptolide，artemisinin，glycyrrhizic acid and so on，directly or indirectly enhance the killing ability of immune cells against tumor cells by promoting the function of T cells，natural killer（NK）cells，or inhibiting the function of tumor-associated macrophage（TAMs），dendritic cells（DCs），myeloid-derived suppressor cells（MDSCs）and regulatory T cells（Tregs），which in turn exerts an anti-tumor effect. In this paper，it screened and summarized the research results on the anti-tumor effects of TCM monomers regulating TILs in recent years，and took TILs as the starting point to introduce in detail the mechanism of action of TCM monomers regulating TILs，with a view to promoting the research and development of new drugs for TCM monomers regulating TILs in anti-tumor，exploring the new ideas and methods of TCM in the field of tumor treatment and assisting the TCM to go towards the road of modernization successfully in the treatment of tumors.
Yiyi Fuzi Baijiang Powder（薏苡附子败酱散，YFBP）is originated from Synopsis of Golden Chamber written by ZHANGZhongjing，a medical sage of Han Dynasty. It is a classic prescription for treating intestinal abscess and sepsis. In recent years，the research on various aspects of YFBPhas gradually expanded and updated，and the results show that it also has anti-inflammatory，antioxidant stress，regulation of intestinal flora，anti-tumor and other pharmacological activities，and is clinically applied in the treatment of digestive tract diseases，gynecological diseases，urinary diseases and skin diseases. On the basis of summarizing the relevant research progress of chemical composition，pharmacological action and clinical application of YFBP，the author conducted quality marker（Q-Marker）prediction and analysis of components in YFBPaccording to the“five principles”of Q-Marker. The results showed that glycerol trioleate，benzoylaconitine，benzoylmesaconinine，benzoylhypacotine，neoline，fuziline，songorine，issorientin and isovitexin could be used as potential Q-Markers of YFBP，which provided scientific reference for clinical application and quality control.
Hongjingtian（Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma）contains various active ingredients，including flavonoids，phenylethanoid glycosides，organic acids and polysaccharides. Modern pharmacological studies indicate that Hongjingtian（Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma）has pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory，antioxidant，anti-fatigue，anti-hypoxia，anti-aging，anticancer，hepatoprotective and symptom-alleviating properties in mild Alzheimer＇s disease. It also shows potential pharmacological effects in treating Parkinson＇s disease and severe depressive disorders，with promising application prospects. On the basis of summarizing the current status of quality control of Hongjingtian（Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma）and understanding the concept of quality markers，this study predicted and analyzed the quality markers of Hongjingtian（Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma）from eight aspects，including plant phylogeny，medicinal properties，medicinal efficacy，new medicinal uses，different compatibilities，measurability of chemical components，different harvesting periods and processing methods and different geographical origins，hoping to provide reference for establishing quality standards for Hongjingtian（Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma）.
Tufuling（Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma）contains various chemical components such as flavonoids，organic acids，phenylpropanoids，sugars，volatile oils and sugars. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Tufuling（Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma）has anti-inflammatory，analgesic，antibacterial，antibacterial，lowering uric acid，immune，anti-tumor and other pharmacological effects，and has good clinical application prospects. This paper summarized the current status of quality control of Tufuling（Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma），and predictive analysis was conducted on the quality markers of Tufuling（Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma）from plant phylogeny and testability of chemical components，different compatibility environments，different origins and growth years，different processing methods，traditional efficacy，traditional medicinal properties，pharmacokinetics and new pharmacological uses. It can be considered that the components such as astilbin，neoastilbin，engeletin and quercetin were selected as the quality markers of Tufuling（Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma），to provide reference and basis for establishing and improving the quality standards of Tufuling（Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma）.
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide，and lung cancer is one of the malignant tumours with the fastest growing morbidity and mortalit and the greatest threat to people＇s health and lives. In recent years，the research on active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat tumours has become more and more in-depth. Huangqi（Astragali Radix）is one of the commonly used anti-tumour Chinese medicines，which has been used in medicine for more than 2000 years，and has been regarded as“the most important medicine for replenishing Qi and spleen”. Astragaloside Ⅳ（AS-Ⅳ）is one of the main active ingredients of Huangqi（Astragali Radix），and modern pharmacological studies have shown that AS-Ⅳ has anticancer，anti-inflammatory，antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. This paper reviewed the research progress of AS-Ⅳ in lung cancer by collecting and summarizing the mechanisms of AS-Ⅳ in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation，inducing tumor cell apoptosis，inhibiting tumor cell migration and invasion，suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT），regulating autophagy，modulating immune response，alleviating toxic side effects during tumor treatment and enhancing sensitivity to antitumor drugs. The aim was to provide a reference for further research，development and application of AS-Ⅳ in order to support its clinical use.
Mahuang Decoction（麻黄汤）was first seen in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases. The prescription is composed of Mahuang（Ephedrae Herba），Guizhi（Cinnamomi Ramulus），Xingren（Armeniacae Semen Amarum）and Gancao（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）. It is mainly used to treat exogenous wind cold. The typical prescription syndrome is aversion to cold without sweat，headache and body pain，and floating and tense pulse. Mahuang（Ephedrae Herba）needs to remove root nodes without removing stem nodes. Guizhi（Cinnamomi Ramulus）and Rougui（Cinnamomi Cortex）can be used alone or in combination. Xingren（Armeniacae Semen Amarum）is crushed when used and the medicinal power is easy to boil. Gancao（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）in Treatise on Febrile Diseases may be the raw Gancao（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）in modern Chinese medicine. The dose conversion of the original formula of Mahuang Decoction should be one Liang is about 15.6 g. However，large amounts of Mahuang（Ephedrae Herba）can easily cause adverse reactions such as palpitations，sweating and insomnia. If one Liang is converted to 5 g，the dosage of Mahuang Decoction is Mahuang（Ephedrae Herba）15g，Guizhi（Cinnamomi Ramulus）10 g，Xingren（Armeniacae Semen Amarum）7.5 g and Gancao（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）5 g，which can also cause sweating and relieve the exterior. Mahuang Decoction can be modified to treat cold and wind，and can be used by adults，children，women and the elderly. The key to the safe and effective use of Mahuang Decoction is to have a clear understanding of the relationship between medication and prescription as well as the relationship between dosage and efficacy.
To explore the clinical observation of Fuyuan Huoxue Decoction（复元活血汤）combined with acupuncture in the treatment of coronary heart disease patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis combined with chronic heart failure.
A total of 106 patients with coronary heart disease of Qi deficiency and blood stasis type combined with chronic heart failure admitted to the hospital from January 1，2020 to December 31，2021 were collected as research subjects. Using a random number table method，the patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group，with 53 cases in each group. The control group received Aspirin Enteric Coated Tablets（100 mg，once a day），Isosorbide Mononitrate Tablets（20 mg，3 times a day），Spironolactone Tablets（20 mg，once a day），Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets（25 mg，3 times a day）and Captopril Tablets（25 mg，3 times a day）. On this basis，the experimental group applied Fuyuan Huoxue Decoction combined with acupuncture treatment. The TCM syndrome scores，clinical efficacy，heart rate，blood pressure and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups. The research data in this article was analyzed by using SPSS 25.0 statistical software.
After treatment，compared with the control group，the experimental group had a higher clinical total effective rate（P<0.05）. After treatment，the scores of various traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in both groups decreased compared to those before treatment（P<0.05）. Compared with the control group，the experimental group had lower scores of various traditional Chinese medicine syndromes（P<0.05）. After treatment，the values of heart rate（HR），systolic blood pressure（SBP）and diastolic blood pressure（DBP）of the two groups were significantly reduced compared to those before treatment（P<0.05）. Compared with those of the control group，the levels of HR，SBPand DBPin the experimental group were lower（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups of patients（P>0.05）.
The combination of Fuyuan Huoxue Decoction and acupuncture treatment can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis type of coronary heart disease combined with chronic heart failure，with high safety. Its treatment mechanism may be closely related to inflammation inhibition and regulation of hemodynamics.
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