Latest ArticlesDigestive system disease is the largest disease group in the whole body，and its incidence is high. It causes a great burden for the family，society and country of patients. There are still many unclear problems in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive system diseases，and traditional data analysis has certain limitations in predicting the risk of digestive system diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine combined with artificial intelligence technology has broad application prospects in the treatment of digestive system diseases. Based on a large amount of medical data and clinical experience，the artificial intelligence can assist traditional Chinese medicine doctors to diagnose digestive system diseases，analyze the development trend of the disease，and provide personalized treatment plans according to individual differences of patients. In this paper，the application and prospect of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive system diseases in traditional Chinese medicine were summarized.
The study investigated the molecular mechanism of“ascending the clear and descending the turbid”effect of Ganlu Xiaodu Micropill（甘露消毒丹，GXM）on retinoicacid-inducible gene 1（RIG-1）/mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein（MAVS）/nuclear factor-κB（NF-κB）pathway in influenza virus（IV）-infected mice.
Ninety-six SPF-grade BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal，model，GXM and Oseltamivir groups. Except for the mice in the normal group，the IV infection mode in the other groups was set up and sampled on day 7 of modelling after the mouse abscission experiment.HE staining was used to observe pathological changes in lung tissues. The pathological changes in organelles of mouse lung tissue cells were observed under electron microscope. The mRNA expressions of nuclear factor kappa-B p65（NFκB p65），MAVS，RIG-1 and lactate dehydrogenase A（LDHA）were detected in mouse lung tissues by qPCR method. Western blot method was used to determine the protein contents of MAVS，NF-κB and RIG-1 in mouse lung tissues and serum levels of interleukin 6（IL-6），LDH，Interferon-β（IFN-β）and interleukin-10（IL-10）were detected in mouse serum by ELISA method.
Compared with those in the normal group，after IV infection，the alveolar structure of mice was severely damaged，with the presence of a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration and capillary dilatation；the ultrastructure of lung tissue was damaged，the alveolar structure was broken，the number of organelles was reduced，and part of the outer membrane and cristae of mitochondria were reduced or disappeared；the total distance and the average speed of walking of mice in all the other groups were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. The pulmonary tissue of mice had a significant decrease in the expressions of RIG-1，NF-κB p65，MAVS，LDHA mRNA and protein in the lung tissues of mice were significantly elevated；the serum levels of IL-6，IFN-βand LDH in mice were elevated，and the serum IL-10 level was decreased（P<0.05）. Compared with those in the model group，the total distance and the average speed of walking were significantly increased in the GXM group，the average speed of walking was significantly higher in the Oseltamivir group，and the average speed of mice in the Oseltamivir group was significantly lower than that in the GXM group（P<0.05）. The expressions of RIG-1，NF-κB p65，MAVS，LDHA mRNA and protein were reduced，the serum levels of IL-6，IFN-βand LDH were reduced，and the serum levels of IL-10 were increased（P<0.05），and the trends of changes were consistent between the two treatment groups after administration of the drug，in which the expression of RIG-I mRNA in lung tissues of the GXM group was decreased significantly，and the improvement of serum levels of IL-6 and IFN-βin mice of the Oseltamivir group was obvious（P<0.05）.
GXM regulates the expressions of inflammatory factors and regulates energy metabolism in IV infection，possibly through the RIG-I/MAVS/NF-κB pathway，which regulates the“ascending the clear and descending the turbid”effects of IV infection.
To explore the effect of high-fat diet induced obesity on the reproductive ability of male rats.
A high-fat diet was used to establish an obese rat model，and changes in sperm concentration，sperm motility，sperm morphology，sperm DNA fragmentation index（DNA fragmentation index，DFI）and testicular tissue pathology were observed in obese rats.
Compared with those of the blank group，the sperm motility，sperm morphology and DFI of the modeling group significantly decreased（P<0.05）. Compared with those of the blank group，there was no significant change in sperm concentration in the modeling group（P>0.05）. In the modeling group，there was interstitial edema and fewer interstitial cells compared to the blank group. The interstitial space between the seminiferous tubules widened，and the distance between spermatogonial cells increased. There was a significant decrease in various levels of spermatogenic cells and supporting cells，as well as a significant decrease in sperm cells in the lumen.
The obesity induced by high fat diet can reduce the reproductive ability of male rats，especially in terms of sperm motility，sperm morphology，DFI and testicular tissue pathology.
To reveal the protective effects of Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）water extract on intestinal barrier and microbial metabolism in aging model mice.
Fifty specific pathogen free（SPF）grade 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups to construct a D-galactose mouse aging model，and different doses of Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）water extract were used for intervention. Biochemical analysis was used to detect the levels of superoxide dismutase（SOD），malondialdehyde（MDA）and lipid peroxidation（LPO）in mouse serum. Haematoxylin Eosin（HE）staining was used to observe pathological changes in mouse intestinal tissue. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expressions of Occludin and Claudin 1 proteins in mouse intestinal tissue. The ultrastructure of mouse intestinal tissue cells was observed by using transmission electron microscopy. The combination of 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis was used to detect the changes in gut microbiota and metabolites in mice after aging and Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）intervention，while joint analysis was conducted through bioinformatics.
Compared with those of the normal control group，the weight and food intake of aging mice decreased（P<0.05），and the weight and food intake of the intervention group with Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）significantly increased compared to those of the aging group（P<0.05）. Compared with those in the normal control group，the serum SOD in the aging group decreased（P<0.05），while the levels of MDA and LPO increased（P<0.05）. The intervention group with Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）significantly reversed the level change of SOD，MDA and LPO（P<0.05）. The intestinal tissue structure of aging model mice was significantly damaged，and the expressions of Occludin and Claudin 1 proteins decreased significantly compared to those of the normal controls（P<0.05）. After high-dose intervention with Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula），there was a significant improvement in intestinal tissue damage，and the expressions of Occludin and Claudin 1 proteins increased significantly（P<0.05），and the ultrastructure of mouse intestinal cells tended to be normal. During the aging process of mice，the ratio of Bacteroidota to Firmicutes was decreased，after high-dose intervention with Dangshen（Codonopsispilosula），the ratio was increased. During this process，the main differential metabolites were lipids and lipid molecules，organic acids and their derivatives. Metabolic pathways included galactose metabolism，glyceride metabolism and drug metabolism-cytochrome P450. Omics association analysis showed that Paraacteroides，Lactobacillus and Lachnochlostrium were closely related to lipids and lipid molecules.
Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）water extract has a significant protective effect on the intestinal tissue structure and function of aging mice. By regulating the intestinal microbiota structure and its metabolites，it improves the intestinal barrier function and resists aging in the body.
To explore the effect of circ-0002133/miR-182/Bcl2L12 axis on cell apoptosis and the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）and the intervention of gypenosides（GPs）.
The relevant data of liver cancer were obtained from TCGA database，and the difference analysis，survival analysis，gene expression and clinical correlation analysis of Bcl2 like protein 12（Bcl2L12）were performed. Circ-0002133miRNA and miR-182，which were associated with circAtlas and circRNADisease and were able to establish ceRNA networks with BCL2L12，were respectively predicted using miRanda and targetscan databases. The clinical specimens were verified by qRT-PCR. HepG2 hepatoma cells were then interfered with by GPs，the inhibition rate of GPs on HepG2 cells was detected by CCK-8 method，and the migration ability of HepG2 cells was observed by scratch test. The mRNA expressions of Caspase-3，Caspase-7 and Bcl2L12 were detected by qRT-PCR. The expressions of Caspase-7，Caspase-3 and Bcl2L12 were detected by Western Blot.
The results of TCGA database showed that the expression of Bcl2L12 was significantly increased in LIHCtissues，and high Bcl2L12 was associated with abnormal age，sex and TNM stage. The survival time of high Bcl2L12 HCC patients was shorter than that of low Bcl2L12 HCC patients. Compared with paracuncinoma group，circ-0002133 mRNA decreased（P<0.01），while miR-182 and Bcl2L12 mRNA increased（P<0.01）. The scratch test results showed that compared with the control group，GPs group had obvious inhibitory effect on HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Compared with those of the control group，the mRNA levels of Caspase-7 and Caspase-3 in GPs group were increased（P<0.01），and the mRNA levels of Bcl2L12 were decreased（P<0.01）. Compared with those of the control group，the protein levels of Caspase-7 and Caspase-3 in GPs group were increased（P<0.01），and the protein levels of Bcl2L12 were decreased（P<0.01）.
GPs can inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma cells，and the mechanism of action may be related to the apoptosis pathway mediated by circ-0002133/miR-182/Bcl2L12 axis.
To study the efficacy and safety of Mongolian prescription in the treatment of ulcerative colitis with different physical characteristics of Mongolian medicine.
Sixty patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities. According to different treatment methods，30 patients in the control group were treated with western medicine，and the other 30 patients in the study group were treated with Mongolian medicine. The clinical efficacy，main syndrome and secondary syndrome scores，inflammatory factor levels，recurrence rate and adverse reaction rate of two groups were observed and compared.
The total effective rate of the study group was 93.33%（28/30），higher than that of the control group. The recurrence rate of the study group was 6.67%（2/30），lower than that of the control group（33.33%，10/30）. The total incidence of adverse reactions（6.67%，2/30）was lower than that of the control group（30.00%，9/30）. The difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，compared with those of the control group，the main syndrome scores in the study group were lower，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，compared with those of the control group，the secondary syndrome scores in the study group were lower，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of C-reactive protein（CRP），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）and interleukin-6（IL-6）in the study group were lower than those in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.
After taking Mongolian medicine to treat ulcerative colitis patients with different syndromes，the therapeutic effect is good. It can effectively reduce the clinical symptoms and promote the recovery of patients，and has high clinical application value.
To explore the clinical effect of Shenqi Erzhi Prescription（参芪二至方）combined with tacrolimus in the treatment of immunoglobulin A（IgA）nephropathy.
In this study，144 patients with IgA nephropathy（admitted from April 2020 to June 2023）were divided into Western medicine group（72 cases，tacrolimus）and comibined traditional Chinese medicine group（72 cases，Shenqi Erzhi Prescription combined with tacrolimus）. Two cases fell off during the treatment. Three cases fell off in the Western medicine group，and the data of each group was observed，including the treatment effect，the changes of TCM syndrome scores（thirst and drinking，shortness of breath，fatigue，dysphoria in chestpalms-soles，spontaneous sweating，etc.），the levels of blood creatinine（SCr），blood urea nitrogen（BUN），24 h urinary protein quantitative changes，complement C3 and IgA，interleukin-6（IL-6）and interleukin-17（IL-17）and other indexes changes before and after treatment in each group and adverse reactions.
The total effective rate of the comibined traditional Chinese medicine group was significantly higher than that of Western medicine group（P<0.05）. Before treatment，TCM syndrome scores，renal function related indexes（SCr，BUN，24 h urinary protein quantitative），the levels of complement C3，IgA，IL-6 and IL-17 were not significant in two groups（P>0.05）. After treatment，TCM syndrome scores，renal function related indexes（SCr，BUN，24 h urinary protein quantitative），the levels of IgA，IL-6 and IL-17 were significantly decreased in two groups，and complement C3 was increased. And these results were all lower in the comibined traditional Chinese medicine group than those in the Western group，and the complement C3 index was higher than that in the Western group（P<0.05）. The rate of adverse reactions in the comibined traditional Chinese medicine group was lower than that in the Western medicine group（P<0.05）.
Shenqi Erzhi Prescription combined with tacrolimus has a significant effect in the treatment of IgA nephropathy，with improved clinical symptoms，renal function and immune function，less adverse reactions，and it is a safe and reliable treatment.
Professor ZHAN Libin is good at treating malignant tumors，many of which are rare malignant tumors. In view of the current clinical diagnosis and treatment status of rare malignant tumors，such as the lack of standard treatment plans and guidelines，difficult diagnosis，long course of disease and complex pathogenesis，Professor ZHAN Libin has proposed the syndrome differentiation principle and the diagnosis and treatment mode of“segment and stage”. This article explored and introduced the connotation of Professor ZHAN Libin's academic thoughts on the diagnosis and treatment of rare malignant tumors，and shared a classic clinical medical case in order to provide ideas and references for the TCM treatment of this disease.
Primary immune thrombocytopenia（ITP）is an autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal immune function. It is categorized as“purpura”or“blood syndrome”in traditional Chinese medicine. According to the etiology and pathogenesis of ITP，the effective treatments for ITP have been explored from the analysis of benefiting Qi，nourishing blood and eliminating blood stasis to provide new ideas for the treatment of immune diseases. In this paper，it explored the effect of Th17/Treg cell balance on the development of ITPin children，which involved dysregulation of immune cell balance，especially the abnormal function of Th17 and Treg cells. Th17 cells are usually associated with pro-inflammatory responses，while Treg cells have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive functions to maintain autoimmune tolerance.TCM not only improves blood circulation through nourishing blood and dredging collateral method，but also may restore the balance of Th17/Treg cells by regulating the cytokine environment，promoting Treg cell function and inhibiting Th17 cell activity. The clinical treatment of ITP in children with TCM comprehensively regulates the internal environment and controls the development of the disease by integrating the methods of benefiting Qi，nourishing blood and resolving blood stasis and dredging collaterals，emphasizing symptomatic treatment and examining the syndrome to find the cause，especially in the case of mixed of deficiency and excess，which need to be treated in a balanced manner. This article summarized the treatment of ITPin children and Th17/Treg cell balance with the TCM method of nourishing blood and dredging collaterals，and analyzed the effects of TCM method of nourishing blood and dredging collaterals on ITP in children and Th17/Treg cell balance from the perspectives of Th17/Treg cell and ITPin children，nourishing blood and dredging collaterals in ITP in children，and nourishing blood and dredging collaterals in ITP in children and Th17/Treg cell balance. At the same time，it summarized the relevant progress of TCM intervention therapy and provided new ideas for the analysis of the complex mechanism of TCM therapeutic intervention in ITP in children.
The theory of“depression and toxin leading to deficiency”holds that the pathological products such as dampness，phlegm，heat and blood stasis caused by excessive anger and depression，Qi stagnation，impaired Zang-Fu function，imbalance of internal environment of the body and metabolic disorder of Qi，blood and body fluid are the initiating factors of carcinogenesis. The key pathogenesis of the occurrence and development of breast cancer is“depression-toxin intertwining，spread of cancer toxin，deficiency caused by cancer，and mutual injury of deficiency and toxin”.“Multi-cause intersection and transformation of cancer toxin”is the core driver of breast cancer. Under the background of modern medicine，“heat toxin injuring Yin essence”，“toxin impairing Qi and blood”and“deficiency fire stagnating heat”are the main pathogenesis evolution of breast cancer radiotherapy，chemotherapy and endocrine therapy，respectively.“Driving away pathological factors and leaving body deficiency”and“residual toxin flowing”are closely related to breast cancer surgery and recurrence and metastasis，respectively. Professor LIU Caigang，in view of the complex pathogenesis of“depression and toxin leading to deficiency”of breast cancer and the complications after modern medical intervention，adopted the modern research and development checkpoint therapeutic target database（CKTTD），combined with the theory of traditional Chinese medicine，explored the advantages of anti-cancer traditional Chinese medicine，and carried out the research of traditional Chinese and Western medicine around cancer-related fatigue，chemotherapy resistance，macroscopically adjusting the body's healthy Qi deficiency and depression and microscopically treating the target of cancer toxins. Several medical institutions represented by Shenbailing Granules（参百灵颗粒）have been developed，and a series of large-sample，multi-center，randomized controlled studies have been carried out to form an“efficient，low-toxic，individualized”breast cancer diagnosis and treatment strategy.
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