To identify potential subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among middle school students and further explore the association between these subtypes and internet gaming addiction.

A stratified random sampling method was used to select 2 100 students from six middle schools in Bijie City, Guizhou Province. The Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (IGDS) and the Barkley Current Symptom Scale (BCSS) were administered for assessment. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was employed to determine the latent classifications of ADHD symptoms, followed by the application of a robust three-step approach to analyze the relationship between these classifications and internet gaming addiction. To assess the relationship between ADHD symptom classifications and the risk of internet gaming addiction, binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted, controlling for demographic variables such as gender and age, to clarify the predictive effect of ADHD symptoms on the risk of internet gaming addiction.

The prevalence rate of internet gaming addiction among middle school students was found to be 4.57% (n=96). Latent profile analysis identified three potential subtypes of ADHD symptoms: low symptom subtype (n=1 058, 50.4%), moderate symptom subtype (n=829, 39.5%), and high symptom subtype (n=213, 10.1%). Further analysis indicated statistically significant differences in internet gaming addiction scores among the ADHD symptom subtypes (χ²=547.438, P<0.001), with the high symptom subtype scoring the highest, followed by the moderate symptom subtype, and the low symptom subtype(scores were 26.79±0.54, 19.47±0.26, 14.75±0.19, respectively). After adjusting for demographic variables such as gender and ethnicity and conducting multiple comparisons, the association between moderate and high levels of ADHD symptoms and the risk of internet gaming addiction remained significant (OR values respectively were (1.25, 95% CI:1.58-1.35) and (1.14, 95% CI:1.08-1.20)), while the impact of the low symptom level was not significant.

There is significant heterogeneity in ADHD symptoms among middle school students and different latent subtypes of ADHD symptoms are significantly associated with internet gaming addiction. Students with higher levels of ADHD symptoms are more likely to have higher internet gaming addiction scores. Schools and families should pay more attention to middle school students exhibiting more severe ADHD symptoms to promote mental health development.

To investigate the effects of different high-fat diets with various types of oils on serum lipid levels and gut microbiota in mice.

Thirty SPF male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups based on their body weight (n = 10 per group). The normal diet group (ND) was fed a basal diet while the palm oil high-fat group (PHFD) and soybean oil high-fat group (SHFD) were fed their respective high-fat diets for 17 weeks. Blood samples were collected to evaluate serum biochemical indexes. Bacterial RNA was extracted from the feces of mice, followed by 16S rRNA sequencing.

Compared with the ND group, the body weights of mice were significantly increased in the PHFD and SHFD groups (P<0.05). Additionally, body weights of the PHFD group were significantly higher than that of the SHFD group (P<0.05). Compared with the ND group, the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly increased in the PHFD group (P<0.05), the levels of serum TC and triglyceride (TG) were significantly increased in the SHFD group (P<0.05), the levels of serum TC and LDL-C were significantly higher in the PHFD group compared to the SHFD group (P<0.05). The results of gut microbiota showed that compared with ND, the PCA diagrams of the β diversity presented clear distinction, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio (F/B ratio) of the PHFD group was significantly increased (P<0.05), with the PHFD group having a significantly higher F/B ratio than the SHFD group (P<0.05). Moreover, the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The PHFD group had significant increases in the relative abundance of characteristic bacteria, including Ileibacterium, Pseudomonas, and Bifidobacterium (P<0.05), whereas the SHFD group had significant increases in the relative abundance of characteristic bacteria, such as Mucispirillum, Allobaculum, and Colidextribacter (P<0.05). Additionally, the function of glucose metabolism-related pathways was significantly increased in the PHFD group (P<0.05), while function of lipid metabolism-related pathway was significantly decreased in the SHFD group (P<0.05).

Different types of high-fat diets with various types of oils lead to lipid metabolism disorder and significant differences in the composition and structural changes of gut microbiota in mice. The PHFD group shows increases in the relative abundances of genuses associated with glycolipid metabolism, while the SHFD group shows increases in the relative abundances of genuses associated with lipid-metabolism and decrease in the relative abundance of antioxidant capacity.

To analyze the changes in lung cancer mortality and DALY attributed to tobacco in China from 1990 to 2019, providing scientific basis for formulating lung cancer prevention and control strategies attributed to tobacco.

Extract lung cancer mortality and DALY rates attributed to tobacco in China from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease database from 1990 to 2019, use Joinpoint software to analyze the trends in mortality and DALY rates, and use an age period cohort (APC) model to analyze age, period, and cohort effects.

The number of lung cancer deaths attributed to tobacco in China increased from 16 500 in 1990 to 51 800 in 2019, and the standardized mortality rate increased from 20.22/100 000 in 1990 to 26.27/100 000 in 2019, with an average annual increase of 0.92% (95% CI: 0.72%-1.11%). The DALY caused by lung cancer attributed to tobacco in China increased from 42.40 million person-years in 1990 to 113.90 million person-years in 2019. The standardized DALY rate increased from 474.81/100 000 in 1990 to 547.54/100 000 in 2019, with an average annual increase of 0.51% (95% CI: 0.27%-0.74%). Compared with the global and different SDI regions, China’s lung cancer standardized mortality rate and standardized DALY rate attributed to tobacco showed the largest increase from 1990 to 2019, reaching 29.93% and 15.32% respectively. The lung cancer mortality rate attributed to tobacco in China from 1990 to 2019 showed an increasing trend with age, with a period effect showing a first decreasing, then increasing, and then decreasing trend. The cohort effect showed a first increasing, then decreasing trend. The prediction model shows that from 2020 to 2030, the standardized mortality rate and standardized DALY rate caused by lung cancer attributed to tobacco in China are both showing a slow upward trend, and may reach 26.96/100 000 and 554.20/100 000 respectively by 2030.

The burden of lung cancer attributed to tobacco in China remained on the rise from 1990 to 2019. Further attention should be paid to the elderly male population, health education, popularization of cancer core knowledge, and early screening, diagnosis, and treatment of lung cancer.

This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of three types of cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease, and stroke) and their relationships with depression symptoms among rural residents of Yiliang County, Yunnan Province.

A health interview and examination survey was conducted on 2 506 rural residents aged ≥35 years in Yiliang County, Yunnan province by utilizing a multistage stratified random sampling method. A binary logistic regression model was employed to analyze the relationships between depression symptoms and three types of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs): hypertension, coronary heart disease(CHD), and stroke.

The prevalence of hypertension, CHD, stroke, and depression symptoms in the surveyed population was 64.2%, 4.3%, 3.3%, and 5%, respectively. Prevalence of hypertension, CHD, stroke, and depression symptoms increased with age (χ²=106.237,χ²=21.084,χ²=27.135,χ²=43.556,P<0.001). Females exhibited a higher prevalence of both hypertension (67.6% vs. 60.8%,χ²=12.677,P<0.001) and depression symptoms (6.3% vs. 3.8%,χ²=8.080,P<0.05) compared to males. Individuals with lower educational levels and household per capita income had a higher prevalence of hypertension (χ²=23.362,χ²=9.249,P<0.05)and depression symptoms (χ²=16.191,χ²=6.665,P<0.05). The prevalence of depression symptoms were higher in the Han majority than in ethnic minority groups (χ²=14.231, P<0.001). Individuals with good access to medical services had a higher prevalence of depression symptoms than their counterparts (χ²=5.220, P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals with CHD (OR=3.462, 95% CI:1.962-6.108), and stroke (OR=3.683, 95% CI:2.001-6.781) had a higher risk of developing depression symptoms.

The Prevalence of three types of CVDs higher among rural residents in Yiliang County of Yunnan Province compared to other regions. Targeted prevention and intervention efforts are warranted, particularly among females, individuals with lower educational levels, and those with lower incomes. Implementing effective strategies to mitigate the prevalence of CVDs will contribute to improverural residents’ mental health.

To understand the satisfaction of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services and its influencing factors, and to provide evidence for further improving the contract services of family doctors for diabetic patients.

From August to September 2019, a total of 514 diabetic patients who had been contracted by their family doctors were investigated using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method in three cities of Shandong province. Descriptive analysis, chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis were used to study the degree of satisfaction with contracted services and its influencing factors.

71.8% diabetic patients were satisfied with family doctor contract services. Age (χ²＝7.025, P=0.030), familiarity with family doctor (χ²=13.227, P<0.001), change of life habit (χ²=15.217, P<0.001), change of medical cost (χ²＝4.904, P＝0.027), changes in convenience of medical treatment (χ²=16.578, P<0.001), change of waiting time (χ²=9.155, P=0.002), and other factors will affect the satisfaction of diabetes patients with the services signed by family doctors.Multivariate logistic regression results showed that diabetes patients with higher annual family income (OR=2.321, 95% CI: 1.298-4.148), knew their family doctor’s name (OR=1.804, 95% CI：1.041-3.126), believed that their living habits improved after signing the contract (OR=1.903, 95% CI: 1.081-3.350), and had more convenient medical consultation (OR=1.741, 95% CI: 1.037-2.920) were more satisfied with the service of signing the contract.

The overall satisfaction of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services in Shandong province is relatively high, but there is still room for further improvement. It is suggested that measures should be taken to optimize the contracting services for low-income and elderly diabetic patients, and the contact between family doctors and patients should be further strengthened. Emphasis should be placed on guiding patients to form healthy behaviour, and improving the convenience of healthcare in order to improve patients’ satisfaction.

This study applied the ecology of the medical care model to describe healthcare-seeking behaviors among community-based individuals and to examine the association between multimorbidity and various types of healthcare-seeking behaviors.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Fangshan District, Beijing and Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province from July to September 2023. Community residents aged 20 years old and above were sampled by using a multistage stratified sampling approach and recruited to participate in the study. The number of individuals who had symptoms or had relevant healthcare-seeking behaviors was calculated per thousand people per month and relevant indicators were demonstrated by using the ecology of the healthcare model. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to explore the association between self-reported multimorbidity and each level of healthcare-seeking behaviors, with key socio-demographic characteristics adjusted in the model.

A total of 6 004 records with completed surveys were included in the analysis (56.4% of participants were females, mean age: 50.4±14.7). On a thousand-person per month basis, about 382 participants self-report having symptoms, 162 had visited to healthcare facilities (including 61 visited to primary healthcare facilities, 47 visited to tertiary hospitals), 62 were self-medicated, 10 were hospitalized, 5 visited to emergency department, 4 had operations and 1 received tele-medicine. A higher proportion of healthcare seeking behaviors were observed among individuals with multimorbidity than those self-reported with no or one chronic condition. The results of multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that compared with individuals without chronic condition, individuals with one chronic condition or multimorbidity had higher likelihood of healthcare facility visits [(OR:1.67, 95% CI:1.38-2.02) and (OR:3.40, 95% CI:2.83-4.08)], and hospitalization [(OR:2.60, 95% CI:2.04-3.32) and (OR:5.17, 95% CI:4.10-6.51)].

Among all individuals with potential healthcare needs, less than half had healthcare seeking behaviors, and the proportion is higher among individuals with multimorbidity. Future research should further investigate the implication of findings on population medicine from the ecology of medical care model. Actions are also needed to further strengthen the healthcare system and optimize its integration and effectiveness in addressing the emerging challenge of multimorbidity and to reduce the unmet health needs.

To understand the successful aging of the rural elderly in China and analyze its influencing factors.

The rural elderly aged 60 and above from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were selected as the research object, it was determined that successful aging is achieved by simultaneously meeting the four dimensions of " no major chronic diseases"," no depression"," good cognitive and physical function" and "active social participation". Then multifactor logistic regression was used to analyze the successful aging of the rural elderly based on the social ecosystem theory.

The successful aging rate of the elderly in rural China was 6.79%. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed, self-rated health status in the hierarchy of personal characteristics (OR=0.426, 95% CI: 0.294-0.615), hearing (OR=0.605, 95% CI: 0.447-0.819), childhood health status (OR=0.635, 95% CI: 0.450-0.897), level of education (OR=7.571, 95% CI: 4.091-14.011), and personal annual income (OR=3.422, 95% CI:1.952-6.001), physical exercise in the individual behavioral hierarchy (OR=0.525, 95% CI: 0.291-0.948), daily duration of sleep (OR=0.615, 95% CI: 0.449-0.843), marriage status in the interpersonal level (OR=0.565, 95% CI: 0.349-0.917), financial support from children (OR=1.427, 95% CI: 1.053-1.934), internet use (OR=0.469, 95% CI:0.271-0.814), life satisfaction at the community level (OR=0.352, 95% CI:0.161-0.769), endowment insurance(OR=0.491, 95% CI: 0.245-0.983) in the policy level both were influencing factors for the successful aging of the elderly people in rural areas.

The degree of successful aging of the rural elderly in China is low, and good cognitive and physical functions and positive social participation dimensions are the main shortcomings for the successful aging of the rural elderly.

To understand the changes of stunting among primary and secondary school students in the areas of Nutrition Improvement Programme for rural Compulsory Education Students in Henan Province from 2012 to 2021, so as to provide a basis for improving malnutrition and promoting healthy growth of students.

A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 10% of primary and junior high schools from 28 monitoring counties in Henan Province, with no less than 40 students in each grade, a total of 1 198 228 students were sampled in 8 years, and their heights were measured to analyse the stunting situation.

The rates of stunting among students in the monitoring areas of Henan Province were 1.33%, 1.23%, 1.08%, 0.74%, 0.87%, 0.71%, 0.80% and 0.43% from 2012 to 2021, showing a fluctuating downward trend. The overall rate was higher for girls (1.09%) than for boys (0.85%) (χ²=189.596, P<0.05), and for primary schools (0.99%) than for lower secondary schools (0.79%) (χ²=61.862, P<0.05). The rates of stunting in both boys and girls, in primary and junior high school, and in all age groups basically showed a fluctuating downward trend among different years (P<0.05). The rate of stunting in all years showed a decreasing and then increasing trend in the age group of 6～12 years old, then an increasing trend after a decrease in the age group of 13 years old, and then a maximum in the age group of 16 years old.

The rate of stunting among students in the Nutrition Improvement Programme for Rural Compulsory Education Students in Henan Province from 2012 to 2021 shows a fluctuating downward trend, but there is still a certain percentage, which requires targeted intervention policies.

To explore the effect of arsenic on cell proliferation, the antagonism of PC against arsenic and the relationship associated to wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by using Proanthocyanidins (PC) and sodium arsenite (NaAsO₂) to intervene human hepatocyte L-02.

We treated cells with different doses of PC alone or in combination with NaAsO₂. The cell activities were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method. Cell scratch experiment and Transwell experiment were used to detect the ability of cell migration and invasion. Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (Real-time PCR) method and western blotting (WB) method were used to detect the expression levels of message RNA (mRNA) and protein.

NaAsO₂ increased the activity of cell proliferation (1.740±0.105), enhanced the ability of migration (556.000±3.606) and invasion (439.667±8.622). NaAsO₂ up-regulated the protein expression of proto-oncogene c-myc (0.739±0.012), cyclinD1 (0.943±0.002), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) (1.020±0.019), apoptosis inhibitor gene survivin (0.571±0.033)and Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) (0.695±0.059). NaAsO₂could also up-regulate the protein and mRNA levels of pathway core moleculars wnt3a (protein: 1.044±0.010, mRNA: 1.789±0.165) and β-catenin (protein: 0.958±0.037, mRNA: 1.596±0.217). Compared with NaAsO₂ group, when PC intervention was introduced, the levels of proliferation related proteins such as c-myc (0.438±0.046) decreased. The levels of mRNA and protein of wnt3a (mRNA: 1.181±0.018, protein: 0.822±0.015) and β-catenin (mRNA: 0.965±0.078, protein: 0.832±0.064) decreased. The expression of pathway inhibitors Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) (0.885±0.058) and Axin (0.749±0.016) increased.

NaAsO₂ induce L-02 cell proliferation, which may be due to its activation of wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. PC can down-regulate wnt/β-catenin pathway, thereby antagonizing the cell proliferation induced by NaAsO₂.

To explore the clustering of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in Zigong from 2018 to 2020, analyze the genetic relationship between strains, and speculate whether there is a potential correlation between drug-resistant strains isolated from different patients, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Zigong.

The drug-resistant MTB strains isolated from Zigong from 2018 to 2020 were used as the research objects and the standard MIRU-VNTR 12-loci method was used for typing study. The band sizes of the amplified products were analyzed by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis to obtain the number of replicates of different loci of the strains. The data were imported into the MIRU-VNTRplus database and the SITVIT2 website to construct the phylogenetic tree diagrams and the minimum spanning trees, and the global source analysis of the isolated strains was performed. The discriminatory ability of the 12-locus method was evaluated by locus polymorphism analysis, and the local prevalence and transmission of drug-resistant TB were analyzed by calculating the cluster formation rate and recent transmission rate.

The overall resolution HGI index of MIRU-VNTR standard 12-loci typing was 0.974. MIRU26 and MIRU31 showed high polymorphism; MIRU10, MIRU16, MIRU39, and MIRU40 showed moderate polymorphism, and the remaining loci showed low polymorphism. The most concentrated locus was MIRU2, and the most dispersed locus was MIRU26. The 120 drug-resistant strains contained 77 genotypes, with a clustering rate of 46.67 % and a recent transmission rate of 34.17 %. The minimum spanning tree showed that 120 drug-resistant strains could be divided into three clonal complexes, CC1, CC2, and CC3, according to the VNTR typing results. Among the 120 valid strains, 12 genotypes of 32 strains could be found on the SITVIT2 website, and the corresponding 12 MIT numbers were distributed in 14 countries on five continents worldwide.

The standard VNTR-12 locus method resolves drug-resistant tuberculosis strains well. There is a certain range of transmission of drug-resistant TB in Zigong, and the recent transmission rate is high, targeted surveillance is helpful in the prevention and control of tuberculosis.