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To explore the mediating effect of pain condition between the number of chronic diseases and handgrip strength and the moderating role of sleep quality among middle-aged and elderly people over 45 years old in China.
Based on the data from the 2015 China Health and Elderly Tracking Survey, model 4 and model 59 in the Process 4.1 program were used to analyze and construct the mediator model and the mediator model with moderation.
A total of 13 930 Chinese middle-aged and older adults were included after screening, with handgrip strength values of (30.81 ± 10.03), number of chronic diseases (1.33 ± 1.44), number of pain sites (1.60 ± 3.23), and sleep quality (2.98 ± 1.21). Chronic conditions inversely predicted handgrip strength (B=-0.212, P<0.001). Number of pain sites partially mediated the relationship between chronic conditions and handgrip strength (B=-0.177, P<0.001). Sleep quality moderated the first half of the mediating pathway (chronic diseases → pain conditions), and simple slope plots showed that the number of chronic diseases had a more significant effect on pain conditions in middle-aged and older adults with low sleep quality than in middle-aged and older adults with high sleep quality.
Chronic diseases can affect grip strength directly or indirectly through pain conditions, and sleep quality moderates the mediating effect of pain conditions. Reduced grip strength due to chronic diseases in middle-aged and older adults can be mitigated by reducing pain conditions and improving sleep quality.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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