To investigate and to analyze the residue status of fishery anesthetics in commonly marketed fresh and live freshwater fish and shrimp in Shandong Province.

From 2021 to 2023, a total of 480 freshwater fish and shrimp were collected from 16 prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province, and the four anesthetics of eugenol, MS-222, diazepam, and oxazepam were detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Among the four anesthetics, eugenol had the highest detection rate of 31.9% (153/480), followed by diazepam and oxazepam with detection rates of 6.7% (32/480) and 3.1% (15/480), and MS-222 was not detected. Eugenol had the highest detection rate and level of detection in grass carp, diazepam was detected only in fish and oxazepam was detected only in shrimp.

The primary fishery anesthetic detected in commonly marketed fresh and live freshwater fish and shrimp in Shandong Province is eugenol, with overall low residue levels.

To investigate the policy effects and underlying mechanisms of the Beijing Sub-Center construction on the allocation of medical resources.

Panel data from 16 districts in Beijing spanning 2005 to 2022 was analyzed. The entropy weight method was utilized to assess healthcare resource allocation, while the regression control method was applied to estimate policy effects.

The Beijing Sub-Center construction significantly enhanced hospital capacity and staffing in Tongzhou District, yielding average annual treatment effects of 732.168 additional hospital beds and 1 998.943 healthcare personnel. These impacts were statistically significant (P<0.1) across multiple years. However, the policy showed no notable effect on the number of hospital beds per 1 000 people or the total number of healthcare institutions.

The construction of the Beijing Sub-Center has effectively bolstered hospital capacity and increased healthcare personnel in Tongzhou District. Nevertheless, a gap persists between resource availability and the rising demand fueled by population growth. It is recommended to moderately expand medical service facilities, optimize the spatial distribution of resources, and enhance the efficiency and equity of healthcare resource allocation across Beijing.

To analyze the contamination status of Listeria monocytogenes in the production and distribution stages of enoki mushrooms in Chengdu.

A total of 180 samples were collected from two major enoki mushroom manufacturers in Chengdu, including enoki mushrooms (30 samples), culture media (14 samples), environmental samples (25 samples), tools and equipment (64 samples), operators (30 samples), and other samples (17 samples). L.monocytogenes was isolated and identified according to the 2024 National Manual for Monitoring Food Contaminants and Harmful Factors. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted on the isolates to predict serotypes and analyze lineages, sequence types (ST), clonal complexes (CC), antimicrobial resistance genes, and virulence genes. Homology among strains was determined based on core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) genetic characteristics.

A total of 69 L.monocytogenes strains were detected from 180 samples, with an overall detection rate of 38.33%. The strains belonged to two lineages (I and II), with lineage II being predominant (97.10%, 67/69). Three serotypes were identified, among which serotype 1/2a,3a was dominant (94.20%, 65/69). Seven CC types were detected, with CC8 (52.17%, 36/69) and CC155 (30.43%, 21/69) being dominant. Eight ST types were identified, among which ST8 (52.17%, 36/69) and ST155 (30.43%, 21/69) were the predominant types. All strains carried only the antimicrobial resistance gene fosX. All 69 strains carried virulence island 1 (LIPI-1), and six virulence genes (prfA, plcA, hly, mpl, actA, and plcB) were all positive. All 69 strains also carried virulence island 2 (LIPI-2); among the nine virulence genes, inlA, inlB, inlC, and inlJ were positive in all strains; inlE, inlG, and inlH were all negative; and the carriage rates of inlF and inlK were both 97.10% (67/69). CgMLST clustering analysis revealed the presence of homologous strains.

L.monocytogenes contamination is present in both the production and distribution stages of enoki mushrooms in Chengdu, with a potential for cross-contamination. Although current antimicrobial resistance is not severe, the strains harbor numerous virulence genes, suggesting potential for acquiring resistance genes and posing a threat to human health.

To establish a method for the determination of three datura alkaloids including atropine, hyoscine and racanisodamine in poisoned samples by ultra performance liquid chromatography-hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap-mass spectrometry(UPLC-QqLIT-MS), and provide scientific basis for the quick handling of food poisoning event and the clinical treatment of patients.

Blood, urine and residual food samples from patients were added with borax-NaOH buffer solution, and the analytes were extracted using ethyl acetate, dried with nitrogen, and dissolved in the initial mobile phase. Separation was achieved on a DikmaLeapsil C18 chromatographic column (2.1 mm×150 mm, 2.7 μm) with gradient elution using a mobile phase consisting of water and acetonitrile (containing 0.1% formic acid and 2 mmol/L ammonium formate). The quantitative determination was carried out by using the multi reaction monitoring mode, and the qualitative analysis of the suspected positive results was carried out by using the enhanced product ion (EPI) scanning mode.

The three alkaloids exhibited good linearity (r ≥ 0.997 1) within the concentration range of 0.5-100 μg/L across different matrices. The detection limits ranged from 0.05 to 0.12μg/L.The average recoveries were 91.9%-110.0%, with relative standard deviations of 1.16%-9.03%. The EPI scanning function can effectively eliminated false positive results by confirming suspicious positives.

This method is simple, rapid, and accurate for qualitative and quantitative determination of atropine, hyoscine, and racanisodamine in poisoned samples. It effectively reduces false positives and is suitable for screening and confirmation of datura alkaloid poisoning.

To estimate the utilization of cancer screening and physical examinations in Beijing and analyses its main influencing factors, and to provide evidence for improving cancer prevention and control strategy.

From November to December 2024, a questionnaire survey was conducted among residents aged 35 to 74 from 10 districts in Beijing using probability proportionate to size (PPS) sampling and random sampling. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was employed to explore the potential factors influencing residents’ cancer screening behavior.

A total of 4 452 residents were included in the analysis, with 39.4% having undergone cancer screenings or physical examinations within the past 5 years. Female residents (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.16-1.52), those with basic medical insurance (OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.41-1.89), residents with a family history of cancer (OR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.78-2.50), and those willing to uptake cancer screening and physical examinations (OR =1.71, 95% CI: 1.46-2.01) were more likely to have cancer screening(P<0.05).

The utilization rate of cancer screening and physical examinations among residents in Beijing remains low. To address this issue, measures such as innovating “individual-family” and “extended-family” cancer screening models, promoting the translation of cancer prevention knowledge into actionable behaviors, supporting the adoption of appropriate screening technologies, and establishing and intelligent management system should be implemented. These measures will comprehensively improve the coverage of cancer screening and physical examination services among residents, thereby achieving cancer early diagnosis and treatment, and contributing to the Healthy China initiative.

To systematically evaluate the willingness to receive HPV vaccination and influencing factors among college students in China.

Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database from the establishment of the databases to March 12, 2025. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 17.0 and RevMan 5.4 to assess the willingness to receive HPV vaccination and influencing factors among college students.

A total of 35 studies involving 62 958 samples were included. The meta-analysis results showed that the willingness rate of college students in China to receive HPV vaccination was 67.0%. Female (OR=3.47, 95% CI: 2.49-4.85), having a history of sexual behavior (OR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.09-3.35), accepting premarital sex (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.04-1.78), having a family history of tumors (OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.28-2.23), monthly consumption level≥2 000 yuan (OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.22-1.84), knowing about HPV vaccine (OR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.11-2.77), knowing that HPV vaccine is on the market (OR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.44-2.03), knowing that HPV infection is related to cervical cancer (OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.15-1.81), having someone around who has received HPV vaccine (OR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.66-3.01), and having a high score in the cognition of HPV and its vaccine (OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.32-2.62) were identified as promoting factors.

The willingness rate of Chinese college students to receive the HPV vaccine is relatively high, relevant epidemic prevention departments and health institutions should strengthen the professional popularization of HPV vaccine-related knowledge among college students, and try to improve the HPV vaccine vaccination service system and cervical cancer prevention and control service system.

To explore the equity of health supervisor allocation in health supervision agencies in Yunnan Province from 2019 to 2023, and to provide a basis for further optimizing the reform of health supervision in Yunnan Province.

Using the National Health Supervision Information Reporting System and Yunnan Statistical Yearbook data, the configuration of health supervisors in agencies in Yunnan Province was described, and the equity was analyzed by using the agglomeration degree and the Theil Index.

The number of health supervisors in Yunnan Province from 2019 to 2023 was 1 795, 1 762, 1 824, 1 796 and 1763, respectively;The numbers of health supervisors per 10 000 population was 0.37, 0.36, 0.39, 0.38, and 0.38, respectively.The health supervisor’s agglomeration degree in the four regions of Yunnan Province from 2019 to 2023 was different, with that in Central and Northeast regions were always greater than 1, and Northwest region was always the lowest and less than 1 (0.61-0.67). The difference between the health supervisor agglomeration degree and population agglomeration degreeranged from -0.68 to 0.74, with the difference fluctuating around 0 for Northwest and Central regions, also the difference for Northeast Yunnan was always less than 0. There was no significant change in the Theil Index of health supervisors in Yunnan Province from 2019 to 2023, and the Theil Index by geographical distribution (0.073-0.078) was always higher than that calculated by population distribution (0.030-0.032), and the contribution rate between regions was greater than that with regions.

The provision of health supervisors in Yunnan Province has improved, but it is still lower than the national standard.The geographic equity of the allocation is not as fair as the demographic equity. The distribution of resources for health supervisors should be conducted with comprehensive consideration of the population density and the radius of the medical services.

To analyze the changing trends of urolithiasis burden among Chinese young and middle-aged adults from 1990 to 2021 and predict disease burden from 2022 to 2030, providing evidence for public health strategies and healthcare resource allocation.

Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database, we calculated incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for urolithiasis in Chinese adults aged 20-54. Joinpoint regression identified temporal trends and turning points. Age-period-cohort modeling decomposed age, period, and cohort effects on incidence. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models projected future disease burden.

From 1990 to 2021, urolithiasis cases increased from 9.566 million to 10.197 million (EAPC=0.20%), while age-standardized incidence declined (EAPC= -0.39%). DALYs decreased from 58 700 to 42 200 person-years (EAPC= -1.06%), with DALY rate declining (EAPC= -1.67%). Males consistently exhibited higher standardized incidence and DALY rates. Age-period-cohort analysis showed a linear rise in incidence risk with age, with relative risks (RR) from 0.279 to 2.331. The period effect had a “rising-declining” fluctuation (RR 0.937-1.080). The cohort effect decreased steadily as birth year advanced, with RR values from 0.835 to 1.607. Projections suggest cases will reach 10.396 4 million by 2030, yet standardized incidence and DALY metrics will maintain downward trajectories.

Despite decreasing standardized disease burden and persistent gender disparities since 1990, urolithiasis demonstrates age-progressive risks, period-specific fluctuations, and cohort-driven mitigation. Predicted high absolute burden underscores the urgency for targeted prevention strategies to address this persistent public health challenge.

To analyze the impact of the outpatient mutual assistance reform of employee medical insurance on outpatient costs in medical and pharmaceutical institutions, offering valuable insights for deepening outpatient medical system reforms and optimizing chronic disease management.

Outpatient cost indicators for hypertensive patients in City L from January 2022 to December 2023 were collected. Univariate analysis and a two-group interrupted time-series model were employed to compare changes in cost indicators before and after the reform.

A total of 688 510 valid cases were included, with 158 474 (23.02%) from pharmacies, and 530 036 (76.98%) from hospitals. The overall outpatient costs in medical and pharmaceutical institutions showed statistically significant differences before and after the reform (Z/t= -3.486/6.972, P<0.05), with post-reform data showing reduced total expenditures. However, the reform also led to a decline in the average reimbursement rate per visit, with a more pronounced effect observed in retail pharmacies than in medical institutions. Furthermore, the reform was associated with increased utilization of Chinese herbal medicines, accompanied by a significant rise in related expenditures (Z/t= -4.229/-4.285, P<0.05).

The outpatient mutual assistance reform of employee medical insurance has alleviated the financial burden of hypertension patients in medical and pharmaceutical institutions, though the payment capacity of health insurance slightly declined in the early stages of reform. It is essential to coordinate the outpatient mutual assistance reform with other policies, establish a comprehensive tripartite linkage system involving medical management, insurance payment, and drug supply, and optimize outpatient management strategies for chronic diseases.

To classify the general self-efficacy of patients with chronic comorbidities by using latent class analysis, thereby to analyze the influencing factors which affect the general self-efficacy of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic disease comorbidities based on the results of category analysis, and to provide references for improving the mental health in the multi-dimensional health of the elderly in China and realizing “healthy aging”.

Based on the Ningxia Natural Science Foundation project in 2023, a multi-level stratified random sampling method was adopted to screen out 967 comorbidity patients. Latent class analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the current situation and influencing factors of the general self-efficacy of patients with chronic comorbidities in Ningxia.

Among the 967 study subjects, the diseases with the highest prevalence rates among patients with comorbidities were hypertension, musculoskeletal disorders, and diabetes. The latent class analysis revealed that 402 individuals had low general self-efficacy, 161 had high general self-efficacy, and 403 had moderate general self-efficacy.The C2 “High Self-Efficacy Group” consisted of individuals aged 45 to 59 years (with OR values and 95% CI intervals being 0.374, 0.188; 0.208-0.671; 0.085-0.418), had lower educational levels (with OR values and 95% CI intervals being 0.192, 0.157; 0.041-0.893; 0.011-0.297), and those who received some financial support from their children (with OR values and 95% CI intervals being 0.491, 0.340; 0.328-0.736; 0.209-0.553) generally had lower general self-efficacy (all OR values <1). Among the middle-aged and elderly with two chronic diseases in their comorbidity status, those from C2 “High Self-Efficacy Group” had higher general self-efficacy (with OR values being 6.709, 3.303, both >1, and 95% CI intervals being 4.397-10.138; 2.468-4.421). In addition to the above factors, middle-aged and elderly living in rural areas (with an OR value of 0.616 and a 95% CI range of 0.402-0.944) in C1 “Moderate Self-Efficacy Group” generally had lower general self-efficacy, while those who occasionally Participated in activities from C2 “High Self-Efficacy Group” generally had lower general self-efficacy (with an OR value of 0.377 and a 95% CI range of 0.191-0.744).

In Ningxia, there are more middle-aged and elderly with moderate to low general self-efficacy. Age, educational level, residence,Participation in activities, financial support from children, and comorbidity status all affect the general self-efficacy of middle-aged and elderly in Ningxia. It is recommended to improve the elderly health service system in rural areas, establish elderly activity centers, encourage older people to Participate in more activities, form good exercise habits, and focus on rural Patients with lower educational levels. A series of health activities should be carried out in combination with the characteristics of comorbidities such as hypertension, arthritis, diabetes, etc., to helppatients manage with a positive attitude.