To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its associated risk factors among residents aged 35-74 years in Hainan Province, and to provide scientific evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies for hyperuricemia.

A total of 3 950 eligible participants were selected from the prospective chronic disease cohort of the general population in Hainan from 2017 to 2021. Binary logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors associated with hyperuricemia.

A total of 3 950 participants were included in this study, and the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) was 17.2% (679/3 950). Results from the multivariable logistic regression model showed that overweight/obesity (compared with underweight, OR=14.496, 95% CI:7.566-27.773), retirement (compared with manual labor, OR=2.184, 95% CI:1.166-4.091), smoking (OR=2.300, 95% CI:1.820-2.906), alcohol consumption (OR=11.073, 95% CI:8.713-14.073), eating late-night snacks (OR=7.628, 95% CI:5.135-11.333), fair sleep quality (compared with good sleep quality, OR=4.928, 95% CI:3.588-6.768), poor sleep quality (OR=14.194, 95% CI:10.145-19.859), and living in urban areas (compared with rural areas, OR=2.526, 95% CI:1.971-3.237) were major risk factors for HUA. In contrast, having completed junior high school (compared with no formal education, OR=0.278, 95% CI:0.130-0.595) or high school and above (OR=0.366, 95% CI:0.174-0.767), engaging in mental labor (compared with manual labor, OR=0.270, 95% CI:0.169-0.432) or other types of labor (OR=0.381, 95% CI:0.208-0.699), and eating breakfast (OR=0.446, 95% CI:0.344-0.577) were protective factors against HUA.

The prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) among middle-aged and older adults aged 35-74 years in Hainan Province is relatively high. Targeted health education and interventions should be prioritized for key populations, including those who are overweight/obese, retired, havingpoor sleep quality, or engagingin unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and late-night eating, in order to reduce the risk of HUA.

To investigate the risk genes associated with pancreatic impairments in order to elucidate the key genes and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and progression of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Analysis of pancreatic transcriptomes from T2DM patients and healthy populations (GSE20966 and GSE25724) identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) via R-based screening, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. Furthermore, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed to investigate the causal relationship with T2DM, and the expression patterns of key candidate genes were validated using RT-qPCR and Western blot.

Integrated PPI network and Mendelian randomization analysis revealed consistently upregulated GABBR1and HK1, while HMGCR, HSD17B12, VLDLR, and WIPI1 were significantly downregulated in T2DM versus controls. In a high-fat diet-induced T2DM mouse model, HMGCR expression was significantly downregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels. These findings indicate that HMGCR may play a critical regulatory role in the pathogenesis of T2DM.

These findings suggest that HMGCR is a potential key regulator involved in pancreatic dysfunction in T2DM and may affect β-cell function.

To investigate the genetic association between birth weight (BW) and estimated bone mineral density (eBMD) in adults, and to explore their shared genetic mechanisms and potential public health implications for osteoporosis prevention.

Using large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data from the UK Biobank and the EGG Consortium, we systematically analyzed the genetic correlation, pleiotropic loci, and causal relationship between BW and eBMD through linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), local genetic correlation analysis (SUPERGNOVA), cross-trait meta-analysis (CPASSOC), and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).

A significant negative genome-wide genetic correlation was observed between BW and eBMD (r_g=-0.052 5,P=0.021 1). MR analysis revealed a negative causal association between BW and eBMD(β=-0.081,P=3.48×10^-3).

The inverse causal association between BW and eBMD supports the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis, indicating that intrauterine development may regulate adult bone metabolism through pleiotropic genes (e.g., SNX10, RAC1). These findings highlight the importance of early-life interventions for osteoporosis prevention.

To identify the risk factors of stroke in hypertension patients and construct nomogram based on the survey data of elderly health in Fanjingshan area, and to provide reference for stroke risk prevention and control in this area.

In 2025, proportional sampling method will be adopted to select elderly residents aged ≥65 years old and living locally for ≥6 months to carry out health survey. LASSO-Logistic regression was used to screen stroke risk factors in elderly hypertensive patients to construct nomograms. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), calibration curves, Brier values, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility of the model. The robustness of the model was evaluated by repeated ten-fold cross validation.

A total of 1 670 hypertensive patients were enrolled, of whom 245 had stroke. LASSO-Logistic regression analysis showed that impaired instrumental ability of daily living (IADL), waist circumference, average monthly income <3 000 yuan, tea drinking, sleep duration>8 hours, heart disease, self-rated health as average, alcohol abstinence were risk factors for stroke, and age ≥85 years old and alcohol consumption were protective factors. The model discriminated well (AUC=0.735), the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (H-L test) statistic was 8.749 (P=0.364), and the Brier value was 0.112, suggesting that the model was well calibrated; DCA indicated that the model had a clinical net benefit within the specified risk threshold range; repeated 10-fold cross validation results further confirmed its robustness.

The nomogram model can be used as an effective tool to assess stroke risk in elderly hypertensive population and formulate individualized prevention and intervention strategies.

To systematically evaluate the factors influencing delayed detection and health-seeking of pulmonary tuberculosis among Chinese mainland students.

Literature was searched from CNKI, CBM, VIP, WanFang Data, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane library, and CINAHL Complete up to May 8, 2025. Registered on PROSPERO (CRD420251058065).

22 papers involving 123 802 tuberculosis students were included. Meta-analysis showed that junior high school (OR=0.795, 95% CI=0.674-0.936), onset in the fourth quarter (OR=0.806, 95% CI=0.702~0.926), pathogenetic positivity (OR=1.599, 95% CI=1.166-2.192), and tuberculous pleurisy (OR=1.611, 95% CI=1.447-1.794) influenced delayed detection; female (OR=1.092, 95% CI=1.005-1.187), pathogenetic positivity (OR=1.220, 95% CI=1.092~1.362), no pathogenetic result (OR=0.482, 95% CI=0.351-0.664), tuberculous pleurisy(OR=1.181, 95% CI=1.041-1.341), passive detection(OR=2.348, 95% CI=1.891~2.916), consultation due to disease (OR=3.743, 95% CI=2.531-5.535), referral due to disease (OR=3.591, 95% CI=3.074-4.196), and referral (OR=2.914, 95% CI=2.716-3.127), follow-up (OR=4.163, 95% CI=3.389-5.115), other routes (OR=2.790, 95% CI=2.379-3.272), serious illness (OR=1.127, 95% CI=1.049-1.210), and general hospital (OR=0.540, 95% CI=0.372-0.783) influenced delayed health-seeking.

Student tuberculosis delays are multifactorial, necessitating targeted interventions including campus symptom monitoring and cross-departmental referral channels.

To investigate the association between different macronutrient energy supply proportion combinations and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Using data from adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999—2018, the energy supply proportions of fat, carbohydrate, and protein were calculated. Nutrient clusters were constructed using a three-dimensional nutrient space sequential partitioning method. Weighted logistic regression was employed to analyze the association between clusters and NAFLD, along with interaction and subgroup analyses. K-means clustering was used as a sensitivity analysis.

Compared with the most common energy supply pattern (Cluster 1: moderate fat, medium-high carbohydrate, moderate protein), clusters characterized by medium-high fat, medium/low-medium carbohydrate, and moderate protein (Cluster 3 and 4) were significantly associated with an increased risk of NAFLD. In the fully adjusted model, both Cluster 3 (OR=1.367, 95% CI: 1.142-1.636) and Cluster 4 (OR=1.462, 95% CI:1.137-1.879) showed elevated risks. Interaction analysis indicated a borderline significant interaction with hypertension (P=0.053), while no significant interactions were found for other covariates (P>0.05). Sensitivity analysis results were consistent with the main findings.

Macronutrient proportion combinations are significantly associated with NAFLD risk. A dietary pattern of medium-high fat paired with medium/low carbohydrate is associated with higher risk, highlighting the importance of dietary structure regulation for guiding NAFLD prevention and management.

To explore the dog-raising behavior of children and adolescents and its influencing factors based on the health action process approach (HAPA), so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of echinococcosis.

A questionnaire based on HAPA was developed to investigate students in four schools in Nagqu City, Tibet from October 2024 to April 2025. The factors influencing dog-raising behavior were analyzed by structural equation model.

Among the 942 children and adolescents with dog-raising at home included in this study, the unqualified rate of dog-raising behaviors was 69.9%. In the HAPA model, the intention of correct dog-raising behavior was influenced by outcome expectations [standard path coefficient (95% CI)=0.321 (0.224-0.411), P<0.001]. The intention of correct dog-raising behavior and maintenance self-efficacy directly affected the action plan, with standard path coefficients (95% CI) of 0.225 (0.138-0.314) and 0.560 (0.417-0.695) respectively, and P values were both <0.001. The action plan directly affected the correct dog-raising behavior [standard path coefficient (95% CI)=0.160 (0.013-0.341), P<0.05]. Social support had an indirect effect on correct dog-raising behavior by influencing the action plan [effect value (95% CI)=0.025 (0.003-0.037), P<0.05].

The correct dog-raising behaviors of children and adolescents are influenced by the action plan.The intention of correct dog-raising behavior and social support indirectly affect correct dog-raising behavior through the action plan. In health education strategies, the formulation of the action plan can be taken as the key intervention point to promote children and adolescents to form correct dog-raising behaviors.

To establish vital capacity percentile reference values for students aged 6-18 in Renhuai City, Guizhou Province, using the LMS method; to compare these findings with national average levels for primary and secondary school students; and to analyze influencing factors and population characteristics, thereby providing a scientific basis for physical health interventions targeting local students.

The LMS method was employed to construct vital capacity percentile curves and reference values (P₃, P₁₀, P₂₅, P₅₀, P₇₅, P₉₀ and P₉₇). Concurrently, multiple linear regression and K-means clustering analysis were utilized to investigate influencing factors and the characteristics of student subgroups.

A total of 109 072 students aged 6-18 were included in the study. The vital capacity curves for both boys and girls exhibited similar trends, increasing with age, with an accelerated growth rate observed during puberty. In comparison with national averages, the P₅₀ values for boys were lower between ages 7 and 17 but exceeded the national average at age 18. For girls, P₅₀ values were lower than the national average before age 14 but surpassed those after age 14. Significant variations in vital capacity were associated with BMI, boarding status, urban-rural residence, and ethnicity (R²=0.66, F=35 369.75, P<0.01). Specifically, vital capacity increased by an average of 191.5 ml for every 1-year increase in age and by 32.6 ml for every 1-unit increase in BMI. On average, females had a vital capacity 276.8 ml lower than males; The vital capacity of boarding students were 262.1 ml higher than non-boarding students; rural students were 23.3 ml lower than urban students; and ethnic minority students were 55.4 ml lower than Han students. Cluster analysis identified three distinct student subgroups. The “younger age, low BMI, non-boarding” group exhibited the lowest relative vital capacity (1 233.0 ml), while the “older age, high BMI, boarding” group demonstrated the highest (2 578.3 ml).

The application of LMS curves provide a valid reference standard for the health assessment of vital capacity among local adolescents. Education authorities should implement targeted interventions specifically aimed at younger students in rural areas and those with low BMI.

To investigate the impact of nutritional health knowledge levels on dietary patterns among childbearing-age women, to analyze the mediating role of eating out and breakfast consumption frequency, and to provide evidence-based references for formulating nutritional intervention strategies.

A total of 1 340 reproductive-age women aged 18-49 years from 10 districts/counties in Hunan Province were selected as research subjects from the 2022-2023 National Survey on Residents’ Nutritional and Health Knowledge Awareness. Data on basic information, nutritional and health knowledge, and dietary consumption were collected. Factor analysis was used to extract dietary patterns, Logistic regression to examine the association between knowledge levels and dietary patterns, and structural equation modeling with Bootstrap method to test mediating effects.

Among women of childbearing age in Hunan Province, the nutrition and health knowledge awareness rate was 25.9%, 29.8% eating out ≥1 day/week, and 26.6% having breakfast <7 days/week. Four dietary patterns were identified: high-energy, fruit-dairy-seafood, poultry-egg-bean, and whole grain-vegetable. Logistic regression showed that the level of nutrition and health knowledge was negatively correlated with high-energy dietary pattern (OR=0.428, 95% CI:0.319-0.575) and positively correlated with whole grain-vegetable dietary pattern (OR=1.513, 95% CI:1.142-2.005). Mediator effect analysis showed the total effect of knowledge on high-energy pattern was -0.493(-0.616--0.370), direct effect was -0.278(-0.382--0.174), mediating effects of eating out and breakfast consumption frequency were -0.180(-0.250--0.117) and -0.035(-0.057--0.016), accounting for 43.6% of total effect; total effect on whole grain-vegetable pattern was 0.132(0.007-0.256), direct effect was 0.108(-0.017-0.232), mediating effect of breakfast frequency was 0.024(0.008-0.047), accounting for 18.2% of total effect.

Eating out and breakfast consumption frequency mediate the relationship between childbearing-age women’s nutritional health knowledge level and high-energy dietary patterns, and whole-grain vegetable dietary patterns.

To explore the chain mediating role of social capital and anxiety between school bullying and suicidal behavior of bullying victims, and to provide a theoretical basis for preventing the suicidal behavior among primary and middle school students.

A cross-sectional survey design was employed. A total of 8 854 school students from 36 schools in Datong, Lvliang, and Linfen cities of Shanxi province were included as study participants in June-July 2024 using a multi-stage whole cluster random sampling method, and questionnaires were administered using the Delaware Bullying Victimization Scale-Student, European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire, Adolescent Students’ Social Capital Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 Item, and the Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine associations between variables. Wald tests assessed differences in standardized path coefficients for standardized bullying and cyberbullying on suicidal behavior. Structural equation modeling examined the chained mediating effects of school bullying victimization on suicidal behavior.

Both traditional and cyberbullying were positively correlated with suicidal behavior among bullying victims, and the associations between these two types of bullying and suicidal behavior exhibits significant differences (W=115.26, P<0.001).Social capital mediated only between cyberbullying and suicidal behavior, with an effect value of 0.016 (95% CI: 0.010-0.025), and anxiety mediated between both traditional bullying/cyberbullying and suicidal behavior, with effect values of 0.061 (95% CI: 0.046-0.077), 0.060 (95% CI: 0.045-0.078).Social capital and anxiety all had a chain-mediated effects between traditional bullying/cyberbullying and suicidal behavior, with effect values of 0.030 (95% CI: 0.024-0.037) and 0.010 (95% CI: 0.007-0.014), which accounted for 8.0% and 2.0% of the total effect, respectively (P<0.01).

Social capital and anxiety have chain-mediated effects between school bullying and suicidal behavior. Attention should be paid to bullying victims to improve their social capital and reduce anxiety, which can help prevent suicidal behaviors among primary and middle school students.