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Toinvestigate whether maternal vitamin D deficiency (VDD) prevents normal placental development through the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway during preconception and pregnancy, which in turn triggers adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Four-week-old female SD rats were randomly divided into two groups according to body mass, Ctrl group fed with standard rat chow and VDD group fed with vitamin D deficiency chow. After eight weeks of feed intervention and successful construction of the VDD rat model, blood was taken from the orbits, male and female were co-caged. The females were executed at 18 days of gestation (GD18).Tissue samples were collectedfor later experiment.
At eight weeks of modelling,the serum 25(OH)D levels of female rats in VDD group were significantly lower compared with those of the Ctrl group(P<0.001). At GD18, measured the placental 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, and VDR levels, these indexes in the VDD group were (6.75 ± 1.40) ng/ml, (24.23 ± 8.31) ng/L, (74.46±27.54) nmol/L, which were significantly lower than indexes in the Ctrl group: (16.76±3.12) ng/ml, (36.19±4.27) ng/L, and (137.52±26.25) nmol/L(P<0.01). Placenta diameter, weight, syncytial trophoblast area, and foetal weight were measured at GD18. There was a significant difference between the two groups. At GD18, compared with the Ctrl group, the number of implanted fetuses and live fetuses per litter decreased, but the number of absorbed fetuses increased in the VDD group. The level of β-catenin hosphorylation was significantly increase in the placental tissues of pregnant rats in the VDD group.
Maternal vitamin D deficiency before and during pregnancy is an important cause of placental dysplasia, which in turn can induce adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the mechanism may involve the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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