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To explore the effects of individual smoking cessation cognition and spousal support on married smokers’ smoking cessation behavior, and to analyse the role of gender differences on smoking cessation behavior.
A convenience sampling method was used to recruit married smokers from Jiangsu and Shandong to conduct an online questionnaire survey to collect information on demographic characteristics, smoking and cessation, individual smoking cessation cognition and spousal support. Binary logistic regression was used to analyse the relationships between smoking cessation cognition, spousal support, smoking cessation attempts, and the willingness to quit smoking with family support.
715 married smokers completed the questionnaire. After controlling for potential confounders, the results showed that perceived risk of smoking-related diseases (aOR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.05–1.59) and positive outcome expectations for quitting (aOR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.06–1.51) were positively associated with smoking cessation attempts among married male smokers, whereas no statistical associationwas found between smoking cessation cognition and smoking cessation attempts among women. Regardless of gender, perceived risk of smoking-related diseases, self-efficacy, smoking cessation plan, and spousal emotional support were positively associated with the willingness to quit smoking; negative outcome expectations for quitting (aOR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.65–0.93) were negatively associated with the willingness to quit smoking among male smokers, while no statistically significant associationwas found among female smokers.
Perceived risk of smoking-related diseases and positive outcome expectations for quitting are protective factors for smoking cessation attempts among married male smokers, while female smokers’ smoking cessation cognition failed to translate into actual quitting behavior. Additionally, negative outcome expectations for quitting are risk factors for willingness to quit smoking among married male smokers. Therefore, individualized smoking cessation intervention strategies should be developed taking into account gender differences.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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