To analyze the incidence of gestational hypertension in hospital delivery of obstetrics and gynecology from 2016 to 2022, understand its characteristics and changes, to explore the influencing factors of gestational hypertension, and to construct a predictive model of gestational hypertension, to provide basis for clinical prediction of gestational hypertension.

A total of 101 583 medical records of hospitalized parturient in a hospital of gynecology and obstetrics and children in Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2022 were collected. The χ² test was used for univariate analysis, logistic regression analysis was used to establish the prediction model of influencing factors, and ROC curve was used to evaluate the discrimination of the prediction model.

The incidence of gestational hypertension in hospital delivery of obstetrics and gynecology from 2016 to 2022 was 0.053. The results of logistic regression model showed that older age (OR=1.392, 95%CI: 1.243-1.559), local household registration (OR=0.760, 95%CI: 0.689-0.839), hypothyroidism (OR=1.443, 95%CI: 1.160-1.794), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) (OR=1.874, 95%CI: 1.570-2.237), and diabetes mellitus (OR=1.367, 95%CI: 1.230-1.519), multipara (OR=0.693, 95%CI: 0.623-0.770), multiple births (OR=2.443, 95%CI: 2.135-2.795), family history of hypertension (OR=3.347,95%CI: 2.666-4.203), and in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) assisted reproduction (OR=1.821, 95%CI: 1.594-2.080) were the influencing factors of gestational hypertension. The area under the ROC curve constructed by the predictive model of gestational hypertension was AUC=0.655 (95%CI: 0.645-0.665).

The risk factors of gestational hypertension are older age, hypothyroidism, ICP, diabetes, multiple births, family history of hypertension, and IVF-ET assisted reproduction. The protective factors of gestational hypertension are local household registration and multipara. The predictive model of gestationall hypertension established in this study has good discrimination ability and has certain predictive value.

To study the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of HIV/AIDS incidence in China based on surveillance data from 2005 to 2018, to provide support for scientific, orderly, sustainable, and accurate regional prevention and control strategies.

The spatial autocorrelation method was used to explore the characteristics of spatial-temporal differentiation, and then geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) was used to investigate the influencing factors.

Since 2005, the overall spread speed of the AIDS epidemic was accelerating and showed obvious spatial differences demonstrated by unbalanced growth. After 2011, the unbalanced growth accelerated, and the agglomeration trend of the AIDS epidemic in various provinces became more obvious. The spatial nearest neighbor effect was more obvious, and there was an internal expansion trend in the areas below the Bole-Taipei line. Economy, transportation, health care, and education jointly affected the temporal and spatial evolution pattern of HIV/AIDS incidence. Economic factors had a great impact on the spread of AIDS, which was gradually weakening. Most of the traffic factors above the Bole-Taipei line were positive high-value areas and basically remained at a stable level. The influence of medical factors on the incidence of HIV/AIDS was obvious, but it tended to weaken gradually. Educational factors had a great influence on the incidence of HIV/AIDS, and the influence was basically stable.

From the perspective of spatial-temporal data mining, the spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics and neighborhood effects of the incidence of HIV/AIDS are analyzed, and the effects of economic, transportation, medical, and educational factors on the incidence of HIV/AIDS are discussed. This study helps the public understand AIDS visually from a new perspective and has important reference significance for controlling AIDS epidemic and optimizing the allocation of public health resources.

To investigate the depression status of de facto orphan caregivers in Sichuan and analyze its influencing factors.

By using the social support rating scale and the simplified version of depression scale, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the social support and depression status of 374 de facto orphan caregivers in a city of Sichuan Province. A structural equation model was used to explore the factors influencing depression and their function routes.

The depression score of orphan caregivers was (13.76 ±5.24) points, and 286 (76.5%) had depressive symptoms. The prevalence of chronic diseases in caregivers (β=0.316, P<0.001), gender (β=0.098, P=0.038), education (β=-0.154, P=0.002), current residence (β=-0.150, P=0.001), care time (β=0.117, P=0.011), and relationship with de facto orphans (β=-0.141, P=0.013) had direct effects on depression. Caregivers who suffered from chronic diseases, female, poorly educated, residence in rural areas, long-term care, and being the orphan’s grandparents had high depression scores. Caregivers’ marital status(β=-0.027, P=0.030), personal monthly income (β=-0.042, P=0.001), and care style (β=-0.037, P=0.004) had indirect effects on depression through social support (β=-0.190, P < 0.001). Caregivers in marriage, with higher monthly income, and assistance from others had higher scores of social supports. The better the status of social support, the lower the score of depression.

The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms of de facto orphan caregivers in Sichuan is high, and the situation of depression is severe, which calls for the attention of the whole society and early intervention.

To measure the fairness and efficiency of primary health resource allocation in Guangxi in 2021, and to explore its spatial autocorrelation pattern.

The degree of aggregation and data envelopment analysis (DEA) were used to analyze the fairness and efficiency of primary health resource allocation in Guangxi, and the spatial autocorrelation method was used to study the characteristics of spatial distribution of fairness and efficiency.

In 2021, the agglomeration degree of primary health resources in Guangxi cities and prefectures ranged from 0.451 to 2.961, and only 4 of the 14 prefectures and cities were DEA effective. There was a certain spatial aggregation effect in the fairness and efficiency of primary health resources allocation (except scale efficiency).

There is a large gap in the fairness and efficiency of primary health resource allocation in Guangxi, and other indicators except scale efficiency show spatial differentiation distribution to varying degrees. It is suggested that Guangxi strengthen the function of overall planning and promote the reasonable quota and complementary advantages of inter-regional primary health resources based on spatial autocorrelation.

To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of post competency of full-time staff in nosocomial infection management in different levels of medical institutions in Guizhou Province.

Based on the principle of convenience sampling, 69 tertiary hospitals and 151 secondary hospitals in 9 cities (regions) of Guizhou Province were selected, and 766 full-time staff of nosocomial infection management were investigated by questionnaire. Multiple linear regression method was used for multivariate analysis.

The total score of post competence of full-time staff of nosocomial infection management in tertiary medical institutions (5.287 ±1.074) was higher than that in secondary medical institutions (4.835 ±1.194). The full-time staff of the third-level medical institutions outperformed those of the second-level medical institutions in terms of the overall level of competency, the self-evaluation scores of 4 core items, and self-evaluation scores of 11 sub-items (t=5.580, P<0.001). The scores of tertiary medical institutions and secondary medical institutions had the lowest score in comprehensive knowledge items, which were (4.394 ±1.401) and (3.614 ±1.529), respectively. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the professional titles of the full-time staff of nosocomial infection management (B=-0.541, 95%CI:-1.024 to -0.058), the application level of office software (B=-0.854, 95%CI: -1.108 to -0.599), the importance degree the hospital attached to infection control (B=-0.393, 95%CI: -0.707 to -0.078), and the construction of the nosocomial infection control management system (B=-0.759, 95%CI: -1.314 to -0.204) were the independent factors for the post competency in tertiary medical institutions. The age of the full-time staff in the secondary medical institution (B=0.942, 95%CI: 0.435-1.449), the average monthly income (B=0.535, 95%CI: 0.165-0.905), and the application level of office software (B=-0.657, 95%CI: -0.909 to -0.405) were independent factors for the post competency in secondary medical institutions.

The overall post competency of the full-time staff of nosocomial infection management in Guizhou Province is at the upper-middle level, and the full-time staff of the tertiary medical institutions are obviously better than the secondary medical institutions.

To explore the self-rated health status and influencing factors of the elderly in rural areas of China, and to provide decision-making reference for relevant departments to formulate healthy aging strategies for the elderly in rural areas.

Using the data of China family panel studies (CFPS) in 2020, descriptive analysis, univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the self-rated health status and its influencing factors of the elderly in rural areas of China.

In total 72.6% of the 2 717 elderly in rural areas of China rated themselves as healthy. The age group of 60 to 74 years old (OR=0.694, 95%CI: 0.501-0.961), lower income (OR=0.503, 95%CI: 0.372-0.681), no smoking or no current smoking (OR=0.682, 95%CI: 0.538-0.865), and no alcohol or less alcohol now (OR=0.672, 95%CI: 0.491-0.920) were associated with poor self-rated health status. Normal BMI index (OR=1.868, 95%CI: 1.298-2.687), no hospitalization within one year (OR=2.537, 95%CI: 2.015-3.194), no physical discomfort within two weeks (OR=4.205, 95%CI: 3.422-5.167), and no chronic diseases (OR=2.530, 95%CI: 2.051-3.121) were associated with better health status.

The self-rated health status of the elderly in rural areas of China is good, but it is still necessary to strengthen the economic support, improve the construction of medical and health service system, improve the family support and social support system, and actively carry out specialized health education for the elderly in rural areas to promote their health management and quality of life.

To investigate the risk factors related to the recurrence in patients with hemorrhagic stroke and to establish a corresponding risk prediction model to provide reference for reducing the recurrence rate of hemorrhagic stroke.

The patients with hemorrhagic stroke treated in the Department of Encephalopathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022 were included in the study. The clinical data of patients with recurrent hemorrhagic stroke were collected to explore the risk factors related to recurrence of hemorrhagic stroke. The original data were divided into modeling sequence and verification sequence by random grouping method, and the modeling sequence was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses and model construction. The C index, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, standard curve, and clinical decision curve were used to evaluate the discrimination, accuracy, and clinical utility of the model, and the prediction accuracy of the model was verified by verification sequence.

A total of 1 571 patients with hemorrhagic stroke were included, including 253 patients with recurrent hemorrhagic stroke and 1 318 patients with initial hemorrhagic stroke. The original data set was constructed and randomly divided into modeling sequence and verification sequence according to 7:3 ratio. Logistic regression analysis showed that course of disease (OR=3.548, 95%CI: 2.852-4.415), smoking (OR=1.499, 95%CI: 1.136-1.978), drinking (OR=3.330, 95%CI: 2.356-4.709), male (OR=1.424, 95%CI:1.006-2.016), hyperlipidemia (OR=4.372, 95%CI: 2.227-8.584), cerebral infarction (OR=2.254, 95%CI: 1.294-3.928), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR=2.034, 95%CI: 1.220-3.389), prothrombin time (OR=1.103, 95%CI: 1.004-1.211), and homocysteine (OR=1.03, 95%CI: 1.014-1.047) were the influencing factors of recurrence in patients with hemorrhagic stroke, and a risk prediction model was established. The area under the ROC curve of the modeling sequence and the verification sequence was 0.834 (95%CI: 0.810-0.859) and 0.842 (95%CI: 0.804-0.880), respectively, and the standard curves were highly consistent. The results of Hosmer Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test were P=0.900 and P=0.736, respectively, and the thresholds of clinical decision curves were < 0.9 and <0.95, respectively, indicating that the model had high discrimination, calibration, and clinical effectiveness.

Course of disease, smoking, drinking, sex, hyperlipidemia, cerebral infarction, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, prothrombin time and homocysteine are independent risk factors of hemorrhagic stroke. The risk prediction model established in this study can timely identify high-risk patients with recurrent hemorrhagic stroke and prevent the occurrence of adverse events.

To explore the effect of self-esteem on depression of left-behind children in rural areas, and to investigate the mediating effect of social anxiety and loneliness.

A total of 779 rural left-behind children (422 boys and 357 girls) in northern Jiangsu were selected by cluster random sampling. A questionnaire survey was conducted with the use of self-esteem scale, social anxiety scale for children, children’s loneliness scale and center for epidemiologic studies depression scale. The multiple mediating effects were analyzed by structural equation model test.

The self-esteem of left-behind children in rural areas was negatively correlated with social anxiety, loneliness, and depression (r=-0.38, -0.27, and -0.43, P <0.001), while social anxiety was positively correlated with loneliness and depression of left-behind children (r=0.25 and 0.50,P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between loneliness and depression of left-behind children (r= 0.28, P < 0.001). Multiple mediating effect model analysis showed that social anxiety and loneliness could independently mediate the relationship between self-esteem and depression of left-behind children in rural areas, and the mediating effect values were -0.079(95%CI: -0.131 to -0.017) and -0.165 (95%CI: -0.253 to -0.110), respectively. It also played a chain mediating role through the intermediary chain of “social anxiety-loneliness”, and the mediating effect value was -0.124 (95%CI: -0.177 to -0.092).

The self-esteem of rural left-behind children can significantly reduce the level of social anxiety and loneliness, thus reducing the risk of depression of left-behind children.

To investigate the pollution status of arsenic and cadmium in the surrounding area of Daye copper and iron smelter in Huangshi city, Hubei Province, and to evaluate the health risk level of arsenic and cadmium exposure around the mining area.

The pollution status of arsenic and cadmium in environmental media was evaluated by single factor pollution index method and ground accumulation index method, and the health risk assessment model of human exposure pollutants was used to evaluate the health risk of arsenic and cadmium via different exposure pathways.

The single factor pollution index (P_i) of arsenic and cadmium in indoor air and atmosphere were 2.47 and 2.67 (2 < P_i < 3, moderate pollution), respectively, and the P_i of heavy metal arsenic and cadmium in surface water were 1.50 and 1.21, respectively (1 < P_i < 2, mild pollution) in the 10 km range of downwind to southeast of the smelter. The geoaccumulation index (I_geo) of arsenic in sediment samples was 3.87 (3 < I_geo < 4, severe pollution), the I_geo of cadmium was 9.07 (I_geo > 5, severe pollution), the Igeo of arsenic in dust samples was 1.89 (1 < I_geo < 2, moderate pollution), the I_geo of cadmium was 4.80 (4 < I_geo < 5, severe pollution), the I_geo of arsenic in soil samples was 0.27 (0 < I_geo < 1, no moderate pollution), and the I_geo of cadmium was 2.57 (2 < I_geo < 3, moderate-severe pollution). The hazard index (HI) of non-carcinogenic risk of arsenic and cadmium in residents was 11.75 and 1.03, respectively. Exposure to arsenic and cadmium in this area had a potential non-carcinogenic risk to human health. The hazard quotient (HQ) of non-carcinogenic risk of arsenic and cadmium ingested through the digestive tract was 9.89 and 1.03, respectively, and the HQ of respiratory intake was 1.86 and 8.74 × 10^-4, respectively. The HQ of skin contact was 7.47×10^-4 and 2.91×10^-4, respectively. The total carcinogenic risk index (TCR) of arsenic and cadmium was 1.53×10^-3 and 2.15×10^-3, respectively(TCR > 1.00×10^-4). The carcinogenic risk index (R) of arsenic and cadmium intake through digestive tract was 1.53×10^-3 and 2.15×10^-3, respectively. The R value through respiratory tract was 4.10×10^-5 and 1.89×10^-6 respectively, and the R value through skin contact was 4.72×10^-8 and 1.20×10^-7, respectively.

The environmental media in the range of 10 km to the southeast of the smelter are polluted by arsenic and cadmium, and the effects of arsenic and cadmium exposure on the health of residents in the area exceed the acceptable level. The non-carcinogenic risk level and carcinogenic risk level of arsenic and cadmium exposure to residents in this area are as follows: intake through digestive tract > inhalation through respiratory tract > exposure through skin.

To analyze the results of influenza sentinel surveillance in Sichuan Province from 2020 to 2022, to provide basis for influenza prevention and control in Sichuan.

The surveillance data of influenza-like illness (ILI) reported by 30 national influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Sichuan Province were collected through China Influenza Surveillance Information System, and the results of influenza sentinel surveillance in Sichuan Province from 2020 to 2022 were analyzed retrospectively by descriptive epidemiological methods.

From 2020 to 2022, there was a correlation between the proportion of ILI to the total number of outpatient and emergency surveillance cases (ILI%) and the detection rate of influenza in ILI samples (r_s=0.626, P < 0.001). From 2020 to 2022, a total of 103 544 influenza samples were collected and tested in Sichuan Province, of which 8 798 were tested positive, with a positive rate of 8.50%. In 2020, the epidemic level of influenza in Sichuan Province was low, and the epidemic peak was in January, which was co-epidemic of subtype A (H3N2) and strain B (Victoria). In 2021, the epidemic peak was in autumn and winter, and the dominant strain was strain B (Victoria). In 2022, there was an obvious summer epidemic peak in Sichuan Province, and the dominant strain was subtype A (H3N2). There were significant differences in the positive rate of ILI among different years, age groups, and cities and states (P<0.001).

Influenza B (Yamagata) was not detected in Sichuan Province from 2020 to 2022, and the main epidemic strain were A(H3N2) and B(Victoria). The epidemic strains in Sichuan Province displayed decreased epidemic levels at the end of 2020 and 2022, which may be attributed to the COVID-19 preventive and control efforts and the occurrence of viral interference. It is necessary to continue influenza surveillance and strengthen the prevention and control of influenza in children and students.