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To analyze the incidence trend and epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases among kindergarten children in Shenzhen, to provide reference for scientific prevention and control of infectious diseases.
Descriptive epidemiological methods and Joinpoint regression model were used to analyze the surveillance data of infectious diseases among children in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2022.
A total of 249 614 cases of 31 infectious diseases were reported in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2022, with an average annual reported incidence of 4 981.47/100 000, showing a stable trend [annual percentage change (APC)=7.19%, P>0.05]. The main diseases were respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases, accounting for 53.93% and 46.00% of the total cases, respectively. The top five cumulative reported cases were hand-foot-mouth disease, influenza, chicken pox, other infectious diarrheal diseases, and mumps. Among them, the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease and mumps decreased slowly, but the trend test was not statistically significant (APC was -9.70% and -3.98%, respectively, P > 0.05). Influenza and chickenpox showed a “rising-falling”trend, with the turning point in 2019. The rising trend of influenza from 2013 to 2019 was statistically significant (APC=166.11%, P=0.005), and the downward trend of chickenpox from 2019 to 2022 was statistically significant (APC=-52.42%, P=0.022). Other infectious diarrheal diseases showed an upward trend (APC=19.15%, P=0.002). The incidence of infectious diseases in kindergarten children showed a bimodal type, with a peak in summer and winter-spring. The proportion of intestinal infectious diseases in girls was lower than that in boys (P < 0.001). The proportion of intestinal infectious diseases in children aged 3 years and above was lower than that in children under 3 years old (P < 0.001).
The overall incidence of infectious diseases among kindergarten children in Shenzhen is relatively high. The vaccination rate of EV71, influenza, and varicella vaccine should be further improved. At the same time, comprehensive prevention and control measures such as monitoring and early warning, health education, and institutional health management should be taken to effectively control the occurrence and prevalence of common infectious diseases among kindergarten children.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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