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To analyze the molecular network characteristics of the transmission relationship of newly confirmed human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in Jinan, to provide basis for epidemic trend and prevention.
A total of 168 blood samples newly reported to be infected with HIV-1 in Jinan in 2021 were collected. The pol region gene of HIV-1 was amplified by nested PCR, the evolutionary tree was constructed by neighbor-joining method, and the molecular network was constructed by gene distance < 1.5%. The related factors of the network were analyzed. The mutation sites of drug resistance were analyzed by the online software tool of HIV drug resistance database of Stanford University.
There were 9 subtypes in the sample sequence. The dominant subtypes were two epidemic recombination types circulating recombinant form (CRF), CRF01_AE subtype (41.7%, 70/168), and CRF07_BC subtype (36.3%, 61/168). The other subtypes were B, CRF68_01B,CRF55_01B, CRF65_CPX, CRF67_01B, CRF96_CPX, and C. When the gene distance was 1.50%, a total of 15 molecular clus ters were formed, with a total of 51 sequences, and the network entry rate was 30.4%. Surveillance drug-resistance mutations(SDRM) were monitored in 7 samples, with drug resistance transmission rate of 4.2%, focusing on drug resistance site mutations of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
There are abundant HIV-1 subtypes in Jinan, mainly CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC subtypes. A molecular transmission network should be established for long-term monitoring to take targeted measures to block its spread.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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