To investigate the determination of seven active ingredients in Pudilan Anti-Inflammatory Tablets (蒲地蓝消炎片) by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) method.

UPLC-MS was used to quantitatively analyze the seven main active ingredients in Pudilan Anti-Inflammatory Tablets. The differences in the contents of these active ingredients in the samples of Pudilan Anti-Inflammatory Tablets from different manufacturers were compared, aiming to provide scientific basis for the quality evaluation of Pudilan Anti-Inflammatory Tablets.

A certain amount of standard solution stock solution for each active ingredient was accurately measured and transferred to a 5 mL volumetric flask. According to the established chromatographic analysis conditions, the measurement results were obtained in the form of peak area. The peak area data was applied to the corresponding standard curve equations for calculation and recording. The results indicated that within the studied concentration range, there was a good linear correlation between the peak area of each active ingredient and its mass concentration. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values of precision in different active ingredients (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, chicory acid, purple violet spirit, baicalin, luteolin and baicalin in the same order of stability, reproducibility and recovery rate) were 0.99%, 0.31%, 1.20%, 1.47%, 1.31%, 1.29% and 0.33%, respectively. The RSD values of chromatographic peak area were all less than 1.46%, indicating that the instrument had good precision. After recording peak areas at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 h to evaluate stability, the RSD values of different active ingredients in Pudilan Anti-Inflammatory Tablets were 1.14%, 0.10%, 0.84%, 0.53%, 0.46%, 0.66% and 0.84%, respectively, indicating that the stability of the test solution was better within 24 hours. The peak area was measured to evaluate the repeatability, and the RSD values of different active ingredients in Pudilan Anti-Inflammatory Tablets were 1.28%, 1.75%, 1.43%, 1.04%, 2.39%, 0.93% and 2.61%, respectively, indicating that UPLC-MS/MS technology had good repeatability. The average RSD recovery rates of the active ingredients were 99.53% (RSD 2.38%), 100.63% (RSD 2.27%), 98.95% (RSD 2.29%), 101.58% (RSD 1.38%), 100.95% (RSD 2.25%), 97.26% (RSD 0.91%) and 98.56% (RSD 1.92%), respectively. There were significant differences in various effective ingredients in samples of Pudilan Anti-Inflammatory Tablets from different manufacturers.

UPLC-MS technology, with its excellent precision, stability and repeatability, can comprehensively reveal the quality status of Pudilan Anti-Inflammatory Tablets from different batches and manufacturers. This method has important positive effects on objectively evaluating drug quality, ensuring the drug quality and improving the clinical efficacy.

Based on the theory of “dampness-heat and blood stasis obstruction” in traditional Chinese medicine, to investigate the improvement of blood supply of the lower limbs of the patients with diabetic foot combined with lower limb arterial occlusive disease and the effect on the healing of ulcerated surfaces by Mailuo Shutong Pill (脉络舒通丸).

One hundred and twenty patients with diabetic foot combined with lower limb arterial occlusive disease who were treated in Harbin First Hospital from July 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the study subjects, and were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group with 60 cases in each group. The control group received conventional western medical treatment, and the treatment group added Mailuo Shutong Pill on the basis of the control group. The treatment effects, blood glucose levels [fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2 h PG)], glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, lipid levels [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)], blood flow in the foot, sensory nerve conduction velocities and changes in the trauma area before and after the treatment in both groups were compared.

The total effective rate of the treatment group was 96.67% (58/60), which was significantly higher than that (83.33%, 50/60) of the control group (χ²=5.926, P<0.05). The levels of FPG, 2 h PG, HbA1c, TC, TG and LDL-C decreased and HDL-C levels increased in both groups after treatment (P<0.05), but the differences in blood glucose and lipid indexes between the two groups before and after treatment were not statistically significant. (P>0.05). After treatment, the internal diameter of the lumen of the dorsalis pedis artery increased, the blood flow increased, the peak arterial blood flow decreased in both groups, and the improvement of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) of the sural nerve increased and the foot trauma area decreased in both groups, and the improvement of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). There was no apparentt difference in rate of adverse events between the treatment group and the control group (P>0.05).

Mailuo Shutong Pill can significantly improve the treatment efficiency of the patients with diabetic foot combined with lower limb arterial occlusive disease, relieve the lower limb circulatory disorders, promote the restoration of nerve conduction velocity and wound healing, and has a good safety profile.

To observe the therapeutic efficacy of the addition and subtraction of Modified Tongdu Huoxue Decoction (通督活血汤加减) and the conservative protocol of electroacupuncture intervertebral foraminal stimulation in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.

A total of 108 patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis admitted from January 2023 to October 2024 were prospectively selected and randomly divided into two groups using envelope method. Both groups were given celecoxib capsules and conventional Tuina treatment, the electrical stimulation group was combined with electroacupuncture intervertebral foraminal stimulation on its basis, and the comprehensive group was treated with Modified Tongdu Huoxue Decoction with electroacupuncture intervertebral foraminal stimulation on its basis. The TCM symptom scores, the changes of visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were assessed in the two groups, and the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), lumbar lordosis, Cobb angle and intervertebral space and blood rheology changes were observed. And painfree walking distance and incidence of adverse reactions were analyzed.

Comparing with those before treatment, there was no difference in TCM symptom scores, VAS scores, ODI scores or pain-free walking distance of the two groups after treatment (P>0.05). TCM symptom scores, VAS scores and ODI scores were lower in both groups, and lower in the comprehensive group after treatment (P<0.05). The pain-free walking distance was elevated in both groups, and higher in the comprehensive group (P<0.05) after treatment. Comparing with those before treatment, there was no difference in SIRT1, IL-1β, TNF-α or MCP-1 of the two groups after treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, SIRT1 was elevated in both groups, and was higher in the comprehensive group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1 were lower in both groups, and were lower in the comprehensive group after treatment (P<0.05). Comparing with those before treatment, there was no difference in lumbar lordosis Cobb angle or intervertebral space height of the two groups after treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the lumbar anterior convex Cobb angle and intervertebral space height of the two groups were elevated, and higher in the comprehensive group (P<0.05). Comparing with those before treatment, there was no difference in blood rheology of the two groups after treatment (P>0.05). Comparing with those before treatment, hematocrit, fibrinogen, plasma viscosity and whole blood high cut viscosity were lower in the two groups, and lower in the comprehensive group (P<0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of total adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal reactions, skin injury, malaise and rash between the two groups (P>0.05).

The treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with a conservative regimen of Modified Tongdu Huoxue Decoction and electroacupuncture intervertebral foraminal stimulation reduces pain, improves blood rheology and reduces inflammatory stimuli.

To explore the efficacy of Xiaoqinglong Decoction (小青龙汤) combined with inhalation salmeteroticasone in the treatment of children with cold asthma combined with allergic rhinitis and the effects on TCM syndromes, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and lung function.

A total of 61 children with cold asthma combined with allergic rhinitis in the hospital from June 2022 to September 2023 were prospectively selected and divided into two groups according to random number table method, 30 patients in the control group were given conventional salmeterol ticasone treatment, and 31 patients in the observation group were given Xiaoqinglong Decoction combined with salmeterol ticasone treatment for 3 months. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared. The total nasal symptom scores (TNSS), childhood asthma control test (C-ACT), FeNO and TCM syndrome scores were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) at the predicted value percentage were compared between the two groups. The adverse reactions in both groups were observed.

The observation group demonstrated a significantly higher total progress rate compared to the control group after treatment. Additionally, the TCM syndrome scores for nasal congestion, sneezing, wheezing and cough were lower in the observation group than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, both groups experienced a decrease in TNSS scores and an increase in C-ACT levels. The observation group had a lower TNSS score and a higher C-ACT level than the control group. Furthermore, the observation group exhibited higher values for FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEF, and a lower FeNO level compared to the control group (P<0.05). The overall incidence rate was lower in the observation group than that in the control group (P<0.05).

Xiaoqinglong Decoction combined with inhalation salmeterol ticasone has a significant effect on the treatment of cold asthma combined with allergic rhinitis, improving lung function, reducing inflammation and reducing adverse reactions.

To investigate the effects of ultrasound-guided percutaneous cryoablation combined with modified Buzhong Yiqi Decoction (补中益气汤) and Guizhi Fuling Pills (桂枝茯苓丸) on serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free prostate-specific antigen (F-PSA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with prostate cancer.

A total of 110 prostate cancer patients with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome admitted to our hospital from February 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into control group and study group with 55 cases in each group according to odd and even admission numbers. The control group received ultrasound-guided percutaneous cryoablation alone, while the study group was treated with oral modified Buzhong Yiqi Decoction and Guizhi Fuling Pills for 3 months on the basis of cryoablation. Fasting venous blood was collected before treatment and at 1, 3 and 9 months after treatment. ELISA were used to detect serum tPSA, F-PSA and VEGF levels, and TCM syndrome scores were evaluated simultaneously.

There were no significant differences in serum tPSA, F-PSA and VEGF between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). No intergroup differences of the three indexes were observed at 1 and 3 months after treatment (P>0.05). At 9 months after treatment, the serum tPSA and F-PSA levels of the study group were lower than those of the control group, and the TCM syndrome scores were significantly improved (all P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in VEGF levels between the two groups at all followup time points (P>0.05).

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous cryoablation combined with modified Buzhong Yiqi Decoction and Guizhi Fuling Pills can effectively reduce long-term serum tPSA and F-PSA levels and improve TCM syndromes in prostate cancer patients, while it has no obvious regulatory effect on serum VEGF.

To explore the regulatory effect of Modified Ditan Decoction (涤痰汤加减) on brain neurotransmitters in elderly dementia patients with phlegm-turbidity obstructing orifices type.

A total of 122 elderly dementia patients in the hospital from January 2021 to December 2024 divided into control group (61 cases) and an observation group (61 cases) according to the medication plan. The control group took orally donepezil hydrochloride tablets and vitamin E soft capsules, while the observation group Modified Ditan Decoction on the basis of control group. Two groups were evaluated for 12 weeks of treatment. It compared the therapeutic effects of two groups, the changes in cognitive function, daily living ability, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome, brain neurotransmitters and quality of life before and after treatment and safety evaluation.

The effective rate of the observation group (91.80%) was higher than that of the control group (77.05%) (P<0.05). After treatment, Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive (ADAS-cog) score [(19.86±3.78) points] of the observation group was lower that of the control group [(28.74±4.69) points], while the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score [(23.42±2.14) points] and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score [(23.19±2.45) points] were higher than those of the control group [(20.16±2.53) points and (20.08±2.76) points] (P<0.05). After treatment, activity daily living (ADL) score of the observation group [(64.52±6.84) points] was higher than that of the control group [(56.79±7.17) points], while the TCM syndrome score [(7.74±2.13) points] was lower than that of the control group [13.28±2.97) points] (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of dopamine (DA) [(245.13±29.47) pg/mL], acetylcholine (ACh) [(323.15±35.47) pmol/mL] and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) [(169.35±16.54) pg/mL] of the observation group were higher than those of the control group [(210.35±26.52) pg/mL, (282.56±26.26) pmol/mL and (145.29±14.67) pg/mL] (P<0.05). After treatment, interpersonal environment score [(12.38±2.43) points], physiological function score [(10.07±1.56) points], psychological state score [(9.42±1.43) points] and behavioral ability score [(9.86±1.63) points] of the observation groupwere higher than those of the control group [(9.97±2.31) points, (8.32±1.42) points, (7.48±1.56) points and (7.94±1.54) points] (P<0.05). Neither group experienced significant adverse reactions.

Modified Ditan Decoction has a good therapeutic effect on the elderly dementia patients with phlegm-turbidity obstructing orifices type, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of brain neurotransmitter levels, which has important clinical research value.

To investigate the clinical effect and safety of Dongyuan Qingshu Yiqi Decoction (东垣清暑益气汤) in treating senile asthenia syndrome of spleen deficiency and phlegm-dampness type.

A total of 120 patients with senile asthenic syndrome of spleen deficiency and phlegm-dampness type admitted to the Department of Geriatrics of Qingdao Haici Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University from January 2022 to November 2024 were divided into two groups by random number table method. The control group (60 cases) received treatment of basic diseases, rehabilitation exercise and nutrition intervention, health education and oral enteral nutrition of whole protein type. The treatment group (60 cases) was combined with Dongyuan Qingshu Yiqi Decoction on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The course of treatment of both groups was 8 weeks. The clinical data of the two groups was compared, including the clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, total scores of TCM symptoms, grip strength, walking speed, Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), five times sit to stand (FTSS), body mass index (BMI) and inflammatory burden index (IBI), immune markers such as CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, mini mental state examination (MMSE), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), activity of daily living (ADL) score and mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) score.

The effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). No serious adverse reactions were observed in both groups. After treatment, the total scores of TCM syndromes, Fried asthenic syndrome scale scores, grip strength and walking speed, the results of TUG, FTSS, BMI, IBI, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, MMSE, PSQI, ADL and MNA in the observation group were all better than those in the control group (P<0.05).

The clinical effect of Dongyuan Qingshu Yiqi Decoction on senile asthenia syndrome of spleen deficiency and phlegm-dampness is good, safe and reliable.