The plastisphere is a mobile reservoir of harmful microorganisms and genes such as pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes, but the current understanding of the occurrence and dissemination risks of pathogenic bacteria in the plastisphere is still insufficient. The distribution and transmission characteristics of plastisphere pathogens in different environmental media are not yet clear. This article systematically introduces the definition and composition of the plastisphere, summarizes the occurrence status of microplastics and pathogenic bacteria in the plastisphere in water environment, soil environment, anthropogenic environment, and atmospheric environment. Results showed that Vibrio, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter are common pathogenic bacteria in the plastisphere. The transmission routes and potential health risks of pathogenic bacteria in plastics were summarized. It was found that microplastics carrying pathogenic bacteria could spread among water body, soil, and atmospheric environments, promoting the spread and proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance. Finally, prospects for future research are proposed. This article could provide a basis for a comprehensive assessment of the risk of microplastics pollution.

This study investigated the aquatic toxicity effects and underlying mechanisms of thin-layer molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) using the Microcystis aeruginosa as a model organism. The results demonstrated that various concentration of MoS₂ (0.01~50mg/L) significantly inhibited algal growth during short-term exposure (0~7 days), with the highest inhibition rate of 75% observed in the 50mg/L group after 6days of cultivation. Throughout the 7-day exposure phase, MoS₂ exhibited strong dose-dependent inhibitory effects on pigment biosynthesis and biomass accumulation, as evidenced by concentration-responsive reduction in pigment content (<0.5mg/L), polysaccharides and proteins (<0.05mg/mL), and lipids synthesis (<2×10⁵ fluorescence units). When exposure duration extended to 14~21 days, the observed inhibitory effects gradually alleviated, though high-concentration treatments (50 and 10mg/L) still maintained substantial growth inhibition. Mechanistic analysis revealed that photoactivated MoS₂ nanoparticles generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggering acute/chronic oxidative stress in algal cells. During the initial 0~7 day exposure, intracellular ROS levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion all significantly increased. These oxidative stress indicators progressively normalized during prolonged exposure (14~21 days). However, under high-concentration exposure conditions (50 and 10mg/L), the oxidative stress response exceeded cellular defense capacity, ultimately causing irreversible membrane damage. These findings provide fundamental data and theoretical support for ecological risk assessment of MoS₂ nanomaterials in aquatic environments.

To clarify the ecological risks of antibiotics in aquatic environments regarding bacterial toxicity and resistance, norfloxacin (NOR) and ceftazidime sodium (CTX) were selected as test compounds. Characteristic parameters including EC50and lower concentrations inducing 10% mutation/conjugation transfer promotion rates were employed. Binary antibiotic mixtures were designed using the direct equipartition ray method to investigate their toxicity and resistance-inducing effects on Escherichia coli (E. coli). Results demonstrated hormetic effects in both individual and combined exposures, with maximum growth promotion, mutation promotion, and conjugation transfer promotion rates reaching 38.40%, 101.26%, and 28.73%, respectively. Compared with individual exposure, the maximum promotion rate of mixed antibiotics on E.coli growth and mutation was reduced, along with decreased relative safety concentrations for mutation and conjugation transfer. Higher NOR proportion in mixtures resulted in lower EC₅₀ values, elevated maximum mutation/conjugation promotion rates, and reduced safety concentrations. The combined action patterns transitioned from additive/synergistic/synergistic to synergistic/antagonistic/antagonistic for toxicity/mutation/conjugation transfer effects respectively as concentrations increased. Higher NOR proportions diminished the maximum synergistic intensities for growth/mutation promotion and antagonistic intensity for conjugation transfer. The concentration ratio in antibiotic mixtures was identified as a critical factor for assessing bacterial toxicity and resistance risks in aquatic environments.

To address the limitations of conventional spectroscopic techniques in microplastic detection and comprehensively assess microplastic occurrence in wild marine fish, this study developed a pyrolysis-thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-TD-GC/MS) method. This approach demonstrated excellent recovery rates (>90%) for microplastic extraction and quantification. On this basis, this method was used to quantify the mass concentrations of PP, PE, PS and PVC (0.22~500μm) in the gastrointestinal tract of wild barracuda and bass in Bohai Bay. Results revealed that the concentration of small and medium-sized microplastics (0.22~20μm) in the gastrointestinal tract of barracuda ((64.71 ± 80.47) μg/g) was significantly lower than that of bass ((371.30 ± 401.53)μg/g) (P<0.05), while the concentration of large-sized microplastics (20~500μm) ((150.33±116.58) μg/g) was slightly higher than that in bass ((107±96.49) μg/g) (P>0.05). Additionally, the concentrations of PE and PVC were significantly higher than those of PS and PP. Subsequently, the laser infrared imaging system (LDIR) was used to quantify the abundance of microplastics (20~500μm) in the gastrointestinal tract of wild barracuda and bass in the Bohai Bay. It was found that the detected microplastics were mainly 20~50μm in size, primarily fragment-shaped, and mainly composed of 11polymers such as PE and PVC. The average abundance of PP, PE, PS and PVC in the gastrointestinal tract of barracuda ((38.21±19.95) items/g) was slightly higher than that of bass ((34.75±26.33) items/g) (P>0.05). The mass concentration distribution of microplastics in the four materials was generally consistent with the particle abundance distribution. The polymer hazard index was used to evaluate the potential ecological hazards of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of bass and barracuda, and it was found that the presence of PVC microplastics led to a higher potential hazard index. Py-TD-GC/MS can detect microplastics with smaller particle sizes in organisms, and the combination of Py-TD-GC/MS and infrared spectroscopy can fully reveal the characteristics of microplastic pollution in wild fish.

This article focuses on the demand side perspective and uses the value chain decomposition method to track the implicit carbon flow composition and path of China's regional information and communication technology industry (ICT industry), and further identify the pollution shelter effect of ICT industry at the regional level The results indicate that the implicit carbon emissions and added value of the ICT industry caused by cross regional trade-related activities dominate, and the shorter the ICT industry production chain in the domestic value chain, the higher the carbon productivity From the perspective of demand categories, the vast majority of domestic provinces mainly generate ICT carbon emissions through local demand (without cross regional trade activities), while foreign regions are mainly caused by cross-border trade activities of final products; The development needs of ICT itself have led to the highest carbon emissions, followed by the construction industry; Fixed capital formation is the largest demand type that leads to implicit carbon emissions in ICT, followed by exports With the increase of cross regional activities, the implicit carbon emissions caused by demand side in the ICT industry have shown a decreasing trend At different stages of the value chain, the role of pollution shelters in each province is heterogeneous, and there are significant differences in their roles when facing different demand areas Based on this, we need to draw an implicit carbon map of the ICT value chain from the demand side, strengthen regional collaborative carbon governance, promote innovative breakthroughs and applications of green and low-carbon technologies in the ICT industry, improve the carbon emission accounting and monitoring system of the ICT industry, and take measures to promote the green and low-carbon development of the ICT industry.

This study investigated the spatial and temporal characteristics of carbon emissions and carbon sinks in the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration from 2007 to 2022. In addition, it examined the types of carbon balance across cities within this urban agglomeration. The characteristics of the spatial and temporal dynamics of the carbon balance capacity were described using the ecological support coefficient of carbon emissions, the standard deviation ellipse, and the center of the gravity migration model. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the driving factors was explored using a spatial and temporal geographic weighting model. The findings were as follows. Carbon emissions fluctuated and increased from 128,815,700 tons in 2007 to 385,707,600 tons in 2022, with an average annual growth rate of 7.59%. The change in the carbon sink was smaller, increasing from 18,857,800 tons in 2007 to 21,761,100 tons in 2022, with an average annual growth rate of 0.10%. Cultivated land and forestland accounted for 82.56% and 17.01%, respectively, of the carbon sink, which was the main land type affecting the carbon sink level. The spatial difference in the carbon balance capacity was obvious, characterized by high values in the northwest and low values in the east. The standard deviation ellipse revealed a northwest southeast distribution pattern, with the center of gravity shifting eastward. There were significant differences in the driving factors of the carbon balance capacity. The influence of socioeconomic factors such as energy intensity, industrial structure, gross regional product, urbanization level and population density were the most significant, followed by the influence of climatic conditions such as precipitation and temperature. The influence of governance factors such as environmental regulation and green innovation were not significant. This study underscored the importance of developing differentiated strategies from the perspectives of carbon reduction in production and carbon sequestration in ecology.

This study applied the IPCC methodology to estimate carbon emissions in Shanxi Province from 2010 to 2022. A Kaya-LMDI model was employed to identify the key drivers influencing carbon emissions in the region. Using 2022 as the baseline year, the LEAP-Shanxi model was developed to forecast carbon emissions from 2023 to 2060. Economic development acted as the primary driver of carbon emission growth, whereas energy intensity emerged as the dominant restraining factor; By 2060, under four specific scenarios—industrial energy efficiency improvement, low-carbon transportation transition, accelerated new energy adoption, and optimized power structure—energy conservation and carbon reduction effects would become particularly pronounced, these measures could reduce sectoral emissions by 42.16, 3.21, 1.38 and 31.73Mt respectively; Both baseline and integrated scenarios indicate that Shanxi Province could reach its carbon peak by 2030, with projected emissions of 764.33 and 742.34Mt respectively; The comprehensive scenario demonstrates a potential reduction of 107.42Mt in carbon emissions compared to the baseline projections for 2060. These findings can offer a robust theoretical foundation for Shanxi Province to develop targeted low-carbon strategies and implement effective emission reduction measures.

The research explored the evolution trend, spatial correlation network characteristics and driving mechanism of the synergistic effects on carbon reduction, construction waste control, green expansion, and economic growth among different provinces in construction industry from 2010 to 2020 by entropy method, coupling coordination degree model, social network analysis method, and exponential random graph model. The results showed that: The synergistic effect of carbon reduction, construction waste control, green expansion, and economic growth in the construction industry increased from 0.51 to 0.60, gradually transitioning from a barely imbalanced state to a primary coordinated state, with significant spatial heterogeneity. The synergistic effect spatial correlation network presented a "Core-edge" distribution characteristic, and the network density showed an increasing trend, reaching 0.2287 in 2020. The network's dependence on the core region was weak, but the network state had not yet reached optimal state, and there was still significant for improvement, such as Henan, Hunan, Shaanxi, and Xinjiang were in a dominant position in the internet and had apparent "Matthew effect". Hebei, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Henan provinces had shown significant "Siphon effect". Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other provinces played the role of peripheral actors in the network. Most of the spatial correlations of the synergistic effects of carbon reduction, construction waste control, green expansion, and economic growth in the construction industry were concentrated within blocks rather than between blocks. The developed eastern region was mainly the "Net profit" block, while the central and western regions were the "Two-way spillover" blocks. Hunan, Shaanxi, Hubei and other provinces occupied the network structure holes position and had obvious advantages in the construction of synergistic effects. The significant driving force of endogenous network structure was the formation process of the synergistic effect network. The factor of the proportion of construction industry output value/GDP strengthened the spatial correlation between the synergistic effects. The proximity of geographical locations helped to promote the formation of a basin collaborative governance network. Thus, targeted policies for carbon reduction, construction waste control, green expansion, and economic growth in the construction industry should be formulated based on the characteristics of different regions to promote high-quality development of the regional construction industry.

This study systematically reviews bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) technology pathways based on various biomass conversion technologies. Using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework, it identifies the key processes in the BECCS life cycle and provides a comprehensive review of the negative emissions potential and environmental impacts of different BECCS technology pathways. The results indicate that BECCS pathways based on biomass direct combustion, gasification power generation, and biomass gasification for hydrogen production exhibit strong negative emissions potential. However, due to differences in technology types, technical parameters, and assumptions, the negative emissions potential of the same type of technology in existing studies varies significantly. Moreover, while the water consumption, energy consumption, and other environmental impacts of BECCS have gained attention, there is still no consensus on its comprehensive environmental impacts. At present, the evaluation of the negative emissions potential and life cycle environmental impacts of BECCS is still in its early stages, lacking standardized assessment frameworks and reliable full-chain data. Furthermore, no consistent conclusions have been formed for evaluating different BECCS technology pathways. It is imperative to conduct further research to support macro-level planning for carbon neutrality pathways.

Develop a net carbon sequestration accounting model for rice production and estimate the net carbon sequestration across 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2021. Building on an understanding of its spatiotemporal dynamics, the study employs the coupling coordination model and the Tapio decoupling model to assess the degree of coupling coordination and the evolution of the coupling state between net carbon sequestration and rice output value. The results are as follows: (1) Overall, net carbon sequestration in China's rice production demonstrates a fluctuating upward trend, increased from 6634.50×10⁴t in 2000 to 7990.81×10⁴t in 2021. with notable spatial heterogeneity—higher values in the eastern regions and lower values in the west. The centroid of net carbon sequestration has shifted from the southwest to the northeast. (2) While there is spatial correlation in net carbon sequestration, the spatial agglomeration effect has diminished over time. The global Moran's I index shows a two-phase pattern, characterized by a "steady decline followed by stable fluctuations," with 2010 marking the transition point. (3) The coupling coordination degree between net carbon sequestration in rice production and rice output value across the 30 provinces follows a "decline followed by increase" trend. (4) In most years, the coupling relationship between net carbon sequestration and rice output value is generally favorable, with a gradual improvement in coupling effects. However, significant variability in the coupling status exists across different rice production regions and provinces.