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Outline
The plastisphere is a mobile reservoir of harmful microorganisms and genes such as pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes, but the current understanding of the occurrence and dissemination risks of pathogenic bacteria in the plastisphere is still insufficient. The distribution and transmission characteristics of plastisphere pathogens in different environmental media are not yet clear. This article systematically introduces the definition and composition of the plastisphere, summarizes the occurrence status of microplastics and pathogenic bacteria in the plastisphere in water environment, soil environment, anthropogenic environment, and atmospheric environment. Results showed that Vibrio, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter are common pathogenic bacteria in the plastisphere. The transmission routes and potential health risks of pathogenic bacteria in plastics were summarized. It was found that microplastics carrying pathogenic bacteria could spread among water body, soil, and atmospheric environments, promoting the spread and proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance. Finally, prospects for future research are proposed. This article could provide a basis for a comprehensive assessment of the risk of microplastics pollution.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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