Due to their abundant sources and biodegradability, plant fibers have become one of the most economical materials for seawater uranium extraction. However, the main challenge in seawater uranium extraction is that marine microorganisms attach, grow, and reproduce on the surface of adsorbent materials, leading to blockage of pores on the material surface and reduction in the number of adsorption sites. To develop an adsorbent material with both good adsorption performance and antibacterial properties, this study extracts plant fibers from cycas leaves, performs amidoxime-based modification through a two-step method of cyanylation and oximation to obtain amidoxime-functionalized cycas leaves fibers (AO-CLF), and then prepares silver-loaded amidoxime-functionalized cycas leaves fibers (Ag@AO-CLF) by in-situ reduction. The antibacterial performance of Ag@AO-CLF against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was studied. The effects of factors such as pH, mass of the adsorbent, adsorption time, initial uranium concentration and interfering ions on its adsorption of U (VI) were investigated. The reaction kinetics and thermodynamic behavior of U (VI) adsorption were explored. Meanwhile, the reusability of the adsorbent was studied through adsorption-desorption cycle experiments, the adsorption effect of the adsorbent on U (VI) under complex interfering ions and simulated seawater conditions was evaluated, and its adsorption mechanism was studied by FT-IR, SEM-EDS, and XPS characterization methods. The results show that the adsorption capacity of 0.2 g/L Ag@AO-CLF in a solution with pH=5.0 and an initial uranium concentration of 5 mg/L is 24.6 mg/g for U (VI), and it still exhibits an adsorption efficiency of up to 98% for U (VI)in an environment containing multiple competing ions. In simulated seawater with pH=8.15 and a uranium concentration of 5 mg/L, the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of this adsorbent are 98.4% and 23.67 mg/g, respectively. Meanwhile, its inhibition zone diameters against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are (12.8±0.2) mm、(11.0±0.5) mm, respectively, indicating good antibacterial performance. After 5 adsorption-desorption cycles, the removal rate and desorption rate of Ag@AO-CLF for U (VI) both remain above 90%, demonstrating good regeneration performance and strong stability, making it suitable for long-term applications in seawater uranium extraction. XPS results show that the adsorption of U (VI) by Ag@AO-CLF is mainly attributed to the C═O and N—O bonds in the amidoxime groups.

The Guyuan-Hongshanzi area is a prominent uranium metallogenic belt in northern China, with the Hongshanzi pluton situated in its northern segment. In the eastern Shanghuofang area of the pluton, an integrated prospecting approach combining geological, geochemical, and geophysical methods was employed. By employing soil geochemistry and radon gas measurement techniques, geochemical anomalies were identified and the exploration area was effectively constrained. These anomalies were further analyzed in conj unction with induced polarization data, highlighting zones characterized by high resistivity and high chargeability, as well as the morphological features of high-precision ground magnetic anomalies. This integrated approach facilitated the interpretation of the structural framework in the Shanghuofang area. Induced polarization sounding provided insights into the spatial configuration of deep-seated anomalies, while controlled-source audio magnetotelluric (CSAMT) sounding delineated favorable zones for mineralization at greater depths, thereby enabling accurate spatial prediction of uranium-molybdenum ore bodies. Drilling validation confirmed the presence of multiple uranium-molybdenum ore bodies.The comprehensive geological, geochemical and geophysical prospecting process and prospecting model in Shanghuofang area were summarized and established, which provided the prospecting direction for uranium polymetallic ore exploration in this area.

In the numerical study of groundwater seep characteristics in rock mass under different rock dip angles, the influence of seep field on internal defects such as holes and joints, the influence of seep field on rock mass stability, and the instability mechanism of rock mass under the coupling of seep field and ground stress field were seldom considered. This study employed discrete element software (PFC) to define fluid domains, simulating fluid-solid coupling evolution and rock mass failure behavior under coupled geostress and seepage fields. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses were conducted to investigate instability mechanisms. The results indicate that the coupling of high-stress fields and low-seepage fields can induce crack propagation in weak zones, such as crack tips, leading to rock mass failure. Compared to stress fields alone, coupling effects exhibit distinct failure patterns. Additionally, under low water pressure, seepage pressure can suppress tensile crack propagation at crack tips, primarily resulting in compressive failure zones. This research provides theoretical insights for understanding seepage behavior and assessing rock mass stability in complex engineering conditions.

In response to the cumulative damage of rock mass during the two-step mining of coppergold ore body using the sub-level stoping with delayed backfill method in a mine, acoustic wave detection technology was used to collect acoustic wave data of the ore body before blasting and during the blasting and mining process, and the ore body integrity coefficient results were combined with FLAC3D software to conduct numerical simulation analysis of the mining process. The results show that the ore body integrity is at level III before blasting and mining. After 3 to 4 rounds of blasting and mining operations, the cumulative damage degree of the ore body within a range of 4 rows (8.8 m) from the blast source is relatively large, and the integrity changes from level III to level V. The stress safety factors of the front and rear areas of the stope are both greater than 1.5, indicating that the roof and the filling body are overall stable. After the mining of the rear area of the stope, the plastic deformation areas of the roof and floor of the voids, as well as the surrounding rock and side wall filling body, significantly expand. It is recommended to backfill as soon as possible after mining to reduce the risk of collapse of the surrounding rock and the filling body.

Calcite is an important carbonate mineral in sandstone-type uranium deposits, and its corrosion-precipitation behavior directly affects the permeability of the deposits. To gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind permeability decline during "CO₂+O₂" in-situ leaching of sandstone-type uranium deposits, the stirred leaching experiments using calcite in a high-pressure reactor under varying CO₂ partial pressures was conducted. The results indicate that higher CO₂ partial pressures lead to lower solution pH and higher concentrations, significantly enhancing calcite corrosion. However, the Ca²⁺released during corrosion can trigger secondary calcite precipitation. Differential corrosion was observed on the calcite surface, forming distinct corrosion pits. Additionally, the pore structure of calcite underwent notable changes, characterized by the disappearance of micropores, a reduction in pore volume, and an increase in average pore size. Based on the above findings, a dynamic control strategy of "high-pressure unclogging followed by low-pressure maintenance" was proposed for in-situ leaching operations, providing both theoretical foundation and engineering guidance for optimizing the "CO₂+O₂" in-situ uranium leaching process.

The traditional trough-type intermittent dissolution method for uranium concentrate is difficult to meet the intelligent development needs of uranium purification. The development of continuous intelligent dissolution technology is imminent. The intelligent dissolution technology requires precise control based on the dissolution reaction mechanism of uranium concentrate and suitable dissolution conditions. Given the above situation, the study first investigated the main chemical reactions during the nitric acid dissolution of U₃O₈ by means of experimental measurements and theoretical calculations. The chemical reaction process during dissolution was determined, and the variation trend of the dissolution reaction was elucidated. Furthermore, through experimental comparisons, the effects of key factors such as nitric acid concentration, temperature, and stirring intensity on the dissolution efficiency of U₃O₈ were investigated. The suitable conditions for nitric acid dissolution of U₃O₈ were determined, and the dissolution kinetics curve was measured. Finally, by comparing the dissolution performance of U₃O₈ from different sources, the reliability of the dissolution parameters was verified. Under the conditions of an initial nitric acid concentration of 6 mol/L, temperature of 60 ℃, stirring speed of 200 r/min, and dissolution time of 60 min, the dissolution rate of U₃O₈ reaches over 98%. The dissolution rules and parameters obtained from the study can serve as a basis for continuous dissolution of uranium oxides such as uranate, uranium peroxide, uranium trioxide, and uranium dioxide.

The leaching toxicity of lead in rare earth smelting slag is significantly high. Taking rare earth smelting slags (S1, S2, S3) from three Sichuan-based rare earth enterprises as research objects, this study conducted laboratory leaching experiments to investigate the immobilization effects of phosphorus-based materials and alkaline substances, both individually and in combination on lead in rare earth smelting slag, while screening and optimizing the dosage and ratio of phosphorus-based materials to alkaline substances. The results demonstrate that the sole addition of phosphorus-based materials can significantly reduce the leaching concentration of lead. For instance, adding 5% calcium superphosphate (by slag mass) can decrease the lead leaching concentration in S1 from 485 mg/L to 70.2 mg/L. However, this approach will cause pH reduction in slag, potentially inducing secondary pollution. While sole application of alkaline substances also notably reduce lead leaching concentration, excessive dosing risked excessively high pH levels. The combined use of phosphorus-based materials and alkaline substances can synergistically regulate slag pH to 9~10 while effectively reducing lead leaching concentration, achieving significantly superior outcomes compared to single treatments. The phosphorus-alkaline combined approach not only mitigate lead migration risks but also minimize environmental hazards caused by chemical overdosing. These findings provide theoretical basis and technical references for the remediation of multi-metal composite pollution in rare earth smelting slags.

In the in-situ leaching uranium mining process, the cyclone suffers from pressure drop and energy consumption limitation, which restricts its wide application. Based on the similarity modeling method, the structural parameters, operational parameters and physical property parameters that affect the pressure drop of the hydro-cyclone in in-situ leaching uranium mining were comprehensively analyzed. The error between the calculated values of this model and the experimental values is within 15%, making it suitable for predicting the pressure drop of hydrocyclones in uranium leaching processes. Additionally, to further analyze the mechanism of pressure drop generation, the internal flow field of the cyclone was simulated by Fluent, which provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of hydrocyclone structure and working condition for in-situ leaching uranium mining.

This paper discusses the impact effect of hydroblasting shot hole on casing of different materials and the application prospect of FRP casing in in-situ leaching uranium. Taking UPVC material casing and FRP material casing as the research objects, under the condition of the same arrangement of spray gun and nozzle, the reliability test was carried out by using abrasive suspension with sand ratio of 10%~15%. By changing the spray pressure and time, the shot-through condition and inner wall deformation of the casing were analyzed. The results show that the FRP casing can be shot through and form shot holes to meet the water volume requirements under a certain pressure; compared with UPVC material, the FRP casing has better high-pressure resistance performance, which can satisfy the demand of hydraulic fracturing technology for casing pressure resistance, and it has a better application prospect in the field of in-situ leaching uranium.

The evaluation of the purchasability of mining equipment is a critical issue in the decision-making process for equipment selection in mining enterprises. To address the limitations of traditional evaluation methods, such as the simplicity and lack of systematicity, a comprehensive evaluation method based on the GRA-AHP-Cloud Model was proposed. Firstly, an evaluation index system was constructed, encompassing four dimensions: production platform, adaptability, functionality, and cost. Secondly, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was utilized to determine the weights of each evaluation index, and the grey relational analysis (GRA) was employed to calculate the comprehensive correlation degree between each index of the equipment and the ideal value. Finally, a mathematical model for evaluating equipment purchasability was established through the cloud model, enabling the fuzzy quantitative expression of evaluation results. The method is validated through a case study of mining trolley selection in a mine, demonstrating its effectiveness in assessing the comprehensive performance of equipment.

As the primary industry in the nuclear fuel cycle, uranium mining and metallurgy plays a critical role in ensuring nuclear energy safety, making research on its radiation protection technologies highly significant. This paper systematically reviews the current status and progress in radiation protection technologies for uranium mining and metallurgy in China, while analyzing existing challenges and future development directions. The radiation risks in China's uranium mining and metallurgy industry are characterized by multi-source complexity and intertwined pathways, primarily stemming from internal exposure to radon and its progeny as well as external exposure to gamma radiation. In recent years, China has made progress in digital monitoring technologies, optimized protection designs, and innovative waste management solutions. However, the challenges remain, including limitations in radon ventilation protection technology, incomplete health risk assessment methods, insufficient coverage of monitoring networks, and inadequate performance of protective materials and equipment. Moving forward, China's uranium mining and metallurgy radiation protection efforts should focus on building an intelligent safety management platform, developing interdisciplinary radon migration models, and refining standard systems. By strengthening protection awareness, optimizing technologies and monitoring networks, the industry can achieve a transition from "risk control" to " risk prevention, " providing global uranium resource development with safety technology support and contributing to the sustainable development of nuclear energy.

Oxalate modification represents an eco-efficient strategy to address nanoparticle aggregation in nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) systems while synergistically enhancing U (VI) removal through coupled adsorption-reduction mechanisms. This study synthesized sodium oxalate-modified nZVI (OA-nZVI) via liquid-phase reduction. The oxalate coating effectively suppressed particle agglomeration induced by magnetic interactions and van der Waals forces. Systematic investigations were conducted to elucidate the morphological evolution of nZVI post-modification and its mechanistic behavior in uranium-contaminated groundwater remediation. Characterization revealed that OA-nZVI exhibited a transformation from irregular spherical particles to well-defined spherical geometries, accompanied by an increased Fe⁰ content in the mineral phase. Under optimized conditions (pH=5, 25 ℃, dosage=0.5 g/L), OA-nZVI demonstrated exceptional U (VI) removal efficiency. The enhanced performance originates from synergistic interactions: Carboxyl groups on oxalate ligands facilitated uranyl adsorption via surface complexation, and the Fe⁰ core mediated electron transfer for U (VI) reduction to U (IV). Subsequent oxidation generated goethite (α-FeOOH), which further immobilized uranium through hydroxyl coordination. The removal kinetics adhered to a pseudo-second-order model, while equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm, yielding a maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 196.31 mg/g. Notably, competitive ions (Al³⁺and ) exhibited significant inhibitory effects, necessitating consideration in field applications.This work provides critical insights for developing advanced uranium remediation materials. Future research directions should prioritize: Evaluating material stability under complex hydrogeochemical conditions (e.g., high salinity with coexisting /), pH=3~10, and humic acid presence), and validating performance through dynamic column experiments simulating groundwater flow regimes and ion exchange processes. These investigations will bridge the gap between laboratory-scale achievements and practical engineering applications.

Due to the sudden change in load capacity of open-pit mine dump trucks, the sliding mode variable structure will cause the hydraulic braking system to produce chattering characteristics, making it difficult to accurately determine whether there is overlap between the dump truck and the collision detection object's enclosure box, resulting in a longer response time for collision detection. To address this, a collision prevention technology for open-pit mine dump trucks based on LiDAR and improved AI algorithm was proposed. Using a single laser point cloud spatial neighborhood joint segmentation method to distinguish obstacles and ground points around dump trucks on a grid map, and calibrating the position of the laser radar and mining truck through a coordinate transformation matrix. Using the bounding box algorithm in AI algorithms to perform collision detection between dump trucks and obstacles in a grid map. Through an improved hybrid hierarchical bounding box algorithm, it is determined whether the bounding boxes of dump trucks and collision detection objects overlap for collision detection, quickly eliminating detection objects that are unlikely to collide. If there is a possibility of collision, the cascading braking parking strategy is used to actively stop the dump truck and achieve collision avoidance operation. The experimental results show that using this technology, dump trucks can effectively avoid surrounding obstacles and reach the target point in a short period of time, and the collision detection response time is reduced to 35.4 ms, effectively reducing the collision risk of open-pit mine dump trucks.

With the changes in mining conditions and the adjustment of production processes, the original ore distribution system and truck dispatching system have exposed problems such as single function and lack of coordination in terms of ore grade control and transportation safety. In order to optimize the production dispatching process of Nannihu molybdenum mine, a set of intelligent dispatching system upgrade solutions was proposed, which covered the switching of mining dispatching modes, ore loading and unloading control, excavator authority management and secondary ore distribution scheduling algorithm based on ore grade control. By constructing a two-layer framework of "static ore distribution before shift+secondary ore distribution correction", a secondary ore distribution method based on the target excavator influence coefficient model is designed to achieve the coordinated optimization of grade balance and transportation efficiency, and compress the daily grade fluctuation range to±0.003%. In addition, a multi-system collaborative linkage mechanism was proposed, which effectively solved the problems of illegal operation and traffic conflicts of outbound vehicles through RFID positioning, authority configuration and data feedback. The application results show that the system has stabilized the average daily output of the Nannihu molybdenum mine at 15 000 t (±1 000 t), and the ore grade meets the needs of the concentrator, providing a technical solution of dynamic response and multi-target coordination for the intelligent upgrade of mines under complex scenarios.

This study reviews the current status of anti-seepage structures in evaporation ponds at in-situ leaching uranium mines in China, highlighting critical issues such as insufficient redundancy in anti-seepage measures, single-function leak detection systems with limited anti-interference capabilities, and excessive thickness of protective layers leading to increased decommissioning waste. By analyzing domestic and international design standards and engineering practices for anti-seepage structures in evaporation ponds across various industries, the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies were systematically evaluated. Combining the unique characteristics of in-situ leaching uranium mine evaporation ponds, a tripartite optimization framework—redundant anti-seepage, intelligent leak detection, and waste reduction—was proposed. This integrated approach aims to standardize the design of anti-seepage structures for such evaporation ponds, thereby enhancing environmental risk control and promoting sustainable development in the uranium mining industry.

In order to solve the problem that the minimum buried depth of the phreatic surface in a uranium tailings dam is less than the code limit due to complex depositional structures and insufficient drainage facilities in the tailings dam, the numerical analysis on seepage and stability of the tailings dam were conducted by GeoStudio. The variation patterns of phreatic surface and factor of safety under normal, design, special water levels, with/without drainage consolidation measures, were systematically investigated. The results show that before the drainage consolidation measures were taken, the minimum buried depth of the phreatic surface is 1.74 m, 0.93 m, and 0 m under normal, design, and special water levels, respectively. Especially under the special water level, the phreatic surface emerged from the embankment above the 140.9 m platform. The factor of safety was 1.329, 1.321, 1.291 respectively before the drainage consolidation measures were taken. After setting up the horizontal drainage pipe as drainage consolidation measures, the phreatic surface burial depth increased by 3.48~4.59 m, while factor of safety at normal, design, special water levels rose to 1.431, 1.425, 1.402 respectively, with an increase of 7.68%~8.59%. The drainage consolidation measures can effectively optimize seepage conditions of the embankment, significantly reduce the phreatic surface elevation, and enhance dam stability, confirming satisfactory seepage control effectiveness. The results provide strong technical support for the design of drainage consolidation measures in tailings dams and offer valuable references for ensuring long-term safe operation of tailings ponds.

Usually, uranium mines discharge the waste water generated during the adsorption process into an evaporation pond, and eliminate radioactive waste water by natural evaporation.. The active acceleration technology for the evaporation capacity of domestic evaporation ponds, such as atomization devices, heating devices, wind blowing devices, etc., mostly has high energy consumption losses, high operating costs, and is difficult to put into large-scale use. Passive acceleration devices generally have limited improvement in evaporation capacity. A new type of evaporation tower with a frame structure and multiple horizontal evaporation surfaces was proposed. The evaporation towers are uniformly arranged in a matrix form in the evaporation pool, and each tower is connected in series by a wastewater pipeline fixed at the top of the tower to form a collaborative three-dimensional evaporation surface structure, greatly improving the utilization level of evaporation space and generating a multiplier effect on the evaporation capacity of the original evaporation pool. By conducting small-scale simulation experiments, the empirical calculation formula for the evaporation capacity of the evaporation tower matrix system can be used to achieve refined and quantitative design of the three-dimensional evaporation system. This method has the advantages of environmental protection, high efficiency, and no energy consumption, and is suitable for dry and low wind areas. It can effectively save land resources and engineering investment.

In order to solve many problems that have existed in the operation of the mineral resource reserves database over the years, such as data registration errors, data inconsistency, data missing, data duplication, data redundancy, and omission of registration, Henan Province has carried out a cleaning operation on the provincial reserves database. It has explored technical methods of cleaning from aspects such as basic database information, report information, resource reserves data, verification of coordinates and coordinate systems, and mineral deposits, combined with the national survey of mineral resources and annual reserves statistics. Eventually, a list of problems in the reserves database has been formed. The research results have laid a solid foundation for future updates to the reserves database and providing strong support for better mineral resource management.