This study reviews the current status of anti-seepage structures in evaporation ponds at in-situ leaching uranium mines in China, highlighting critical issues such as insufficient redundancy in anti-seepage measures, single-function leak detection systems with limited anti-interference capabilities, and excessive thickness of protective layers leading to increased decommissioning waste. By analyzing domestic and international design standards and engineering practices for anti-seepage structures in evaporation ponds across various industries, the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies were systematically evaluated. Combining the unique characteristics of in-situ leaching uranium mine evaporation ponds, a tripartite optimization framework—redundant anti-seepage, intelligent leak detection, and waste reduction—was proposed. This integrated approach aims to standardize the design of anti-seepage structures for such evaporation ponds, thereby enhancing environmental risk control and promoting sustainable development in the uranium mining industry.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |