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Outline
Due to their abundant sources and biodegradability, plant fibers have become one of the most economical materials for seawater uranium extraction. However, the main challenge in seawater uranium extraction is that marine microorganisms attach, grow, and reproduce on the surface of adsorbent materials, leading to blockage of pores on the material surface and reduction in the number of adsorption sites. To develop an adsorbent material with both good adsorption performance and antibacterial properties, this study extracts plant fibers from cycas leaves, performs amidoxime-based modification through a two-step method of cyanylation and oximation to obtain amidoxime-functionalized cycas leaves fibers (AO-CLF), and then prepares silver-loaded amidoxime-functionalized cycas leaves fibers (Ag@AO-CLF) by in-situ reduction. The antibacterial performance of Ag@AO-CLF against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was studied. The effects of factors such as pH, mass of the adsorbent, adsorption time, initial uranium concentration and interfering ions on its adsorption of U (VI) were investigated. The reaction kinetics and thermodynamic behavior of U (VI) adsorption were explored. Meanwhile, the reusability of the adsorbent was studied through adsorption-desorption cycle experiments, the adsorption effect of the adsorbent on U (VI) under complex interfering ions and simulated seawater conditions was evaluated, and its adsorption mechanism was studied by FT-IR, SEM-EDS, and XPS characterization methods. The results show that the adsorption capacity of 0.2 g/L Ag@AO-CLF in a solution with pH=5.0 and an initial uranium concentration of 5 mg/L is 24.6 mg/g for U (VI), and it still exhibits an adsorption efficiency of up to 98% for U (VI)in an environment containing multiple competing ions. In simulated seawater with pH=8.15 and a uranium concentration of 5 mg/L, the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of this adsorbent are 98.4% and 23.67 mg/g, respectively. Meanwhile, its inhibition zone diameters against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are (12.8±0.2) mm、(11.0±0.5) mm, respectively, indicating good antibacterial performance. After 5 adsorption-desorption cycles, the removal rate and desorption rate of Ag@AO-CLF for U (VI) both remain above 90%, demonstrating good regeneration performance and strong stability, making it suitable for long-term applications in seawater uranium extraction. XPS results show that the adsorption of U (VI) by Ag@AO-CLF is mainly attributed to the C═O and N—O bonds in the amidoxime groups.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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