To construct a replicable and implementable application demonstration system for domestic high-end minimally invasive surgical medical devices, and provide systematic support for the cross-regional nationwide promotion and application of high-quality domestic products.

Based on previous investigations of the industry and medical institutions, the 5M1E (Man, Machine, Material, Method, Environment, Measurement) analysis method was adopted to establish the overall framework of the demonstration system. The system contents were revised by expert demonstration method, and the system was iteratively optimized through practical application in national demonstration areas.

A standardized application demonstration system covering six dimensions of Man, Machine, Material, Method, Environment and Measurement was constructed. Through two rounds of expert demonstration, the innovation, scientificity and generalizability of the talent training system, application demonstration mode, system construction and practical schemes were evaluated, with the average score steadily above 9 points (full score: 10 points). A total of 10 central demonstration sites and 11 primary-level demonstration sites were established across six major regions nationwide, achieving favorable demonstration effects.

The constructed system is scientifically feasible and highly implementable, which can effectively promote the large-scale application of domestic high-end minimally invasive surgical medical devices.

To evaluate the clinical application and adaptability of domestic high-end endoscopic systems and associated minimally invasive surgical instruments within a multicenter, multilevel demonstration network, and to analyze the coordinated operation mechanism of central demonstration, primary-level adoption, and enterprise service support.

A three-tier structure comprising central demonstration sites, primary-level demonstration sites, and hospitals participating in the baseline survey was established across six major regions of China and three major specialties from November 2022 to October 2025. The network included 10 central demonstration sites and 11 primary-level demonstration sites. The baseline survey covered 320 medical institutions in 27 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities, including 263 tertiary hospitals and 57 secondary hospitals. Baseline data were used to compare equipment configuration and training capacity between different hospital levels. Data collected during the demonstration period were used to summarize representative procedures, primary-level adoption, training coverage, and platform operation.

The configuration rates of fluorescence endoscopic systems, three-dimensional endoscopic systems, and three-dimensional reconstruction software differed significantly between tertiary and secondary hospitals (all P<0.001). All secondary hospitals lacked independent training capabilities for fluorescence endoscopy systems and 4K fluorescence endoscopy systems. During the demonstration period, more than 35,000 minimally invasive endoscopic procedures were performed across the three specialties. Representative procedures, including precision pulmonary segmentectomy, precision left hemihepatectomy, precision pancreatoduodenectomy, radical prostatectomy, and partial nephrectomy, were routinely performed at the central demonstration sites. The reported technical completion rates for the main procedures remained above 97%. Several primary-level demonstration sites showed increases in endoscopic surgical volume, the proportion of minimally invasive procedures, or local procedure adoption. At Qinhuangdao Second Hospital, the proportion of endoscopic surgery increased from less than 10% to approximately 40%; the laparoscopic prostate cancer radical surgery at Weiyuan County People's Hospital was realized from non-existence to existence. The digital platform had 3,156 registered users, covered 1,627 medical institutions, and hosted more than 1,000 surgical videos.

Domestic high-end endoscopic systems and associated minimally invasive surgical instruments have accumulated multicenter, multilevel application experience within the demonstration network. Central hospitals conducted complex-procedure demonstrations and developed standardized practices, primary-level hospitals adopted routine procedures, and enterprises provided equipment installation, training, maintenance, and feedback-based improvement. Clinical adaptability depends on the coordinated implementation of procedure selection, personnel training, service support, and data collection.

To establish a scientific, subjective-objective combined evaluation index system for the performance and clinical application of 4K fluorescence endoscopic systems, and to provide theoretical support for the systematic assessment of such systems.

Through literature research, expert consultation, and brainstorming, a draft of evaluation index system was initially formulated. Clinical experts from thoracic surgery, hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, and urology, as well as experts in clinical medical engineering, were organized. Based on the Delphi method, two rounds of expert consultations were conducted, and consistency was tested using the analytic hierarchy process. Finally, the evaluation indicators and their weights for the performance and clinical application of 4K fluorescence endoscopy systems were determined.

The experts participating in the consultation were all clinical surgeons or experts in clinical medical engineering, with senior professional titles or above, and had high authority. The effective recovery rate of the consultation questionnaires in both rounds was 100%, and the experts' enthusiasm was high. A set of evaluation index system for the performance and clinical application of 4K fluorescence endoscopy systems was ultimately constructed, covering three dimensions: technical performance, clinical effect, and quality characteristics, including 3 first-level indicators, 7 second-level indicators, and 42 third-level indicators. The coefficient of variation of the importance scores of all indicators was less than 0.2, and the coordination degree was good, with high consistency among different indicators at different levels.

The evaluation index system for 4K fluorescence endoscopic systems established in this study can comprehensively assess the performance and clinical application outcomes of such systems, provide scientific references for performance optimization, technological upgrading, and market promotion of domestic equipment, and facilitate the standardized development and clinical application of high-end domestic endoscopic systems.

In view of the characteristics of context dependence and practical operation emphasized in the training of minimally invasive surgery talents, as well as the problem that the traditional teaching model is unable to meet the standardized and homogeneous training needs of various medical institutions, this study explores the supporting role of the information platform in the application demonstration of domestic innovative high-end minimally invasive surgical medical devices on the talent training system.

Relying on the national collaborative application demonstration comprehensive information platform, a video teaching module reflecting the core functions of the platform—the laparoscopic surgery video image big data platform and intelligent analysis and processing system was constructed. The former realizes the standardized collection, transcoding and management of surgical videos; the latter, based on deep learning algorithms, realizes functions such as image smoke removal enhancement, surgical scene behavior recognition, workflow sequence analysis, image long-text description generation and synthetic image generation with semantic information. Both are jointly embedded in the training content construction process.

As of October 2025, the platform has cumulatively collected and covered 1,045 clinical surgical videos of 13 surgical types; the supporting user center for trainees has gathered the learning archives of about 500 registered trainees from approximately 300 medical institutions across the country. During the demonstration period, the total learning time reached 2,924 hours, and the total number of video accesses reached 7,565 times; the intelligent analysis function has been applied to representative surgical procedures such as cholecystectomy and partial nephrectomy.

The standardized image data platform can provide information support for the training of minimally invasive surgery talents, and the intelligent analysis function has application value in assisting video observation learning, which can provide practical support for the training of minimally invasive surgery talents, but its efficacy still needs further verification.

To systematically review the mechanisms of temporal interference stimulation (TI) and summarize its current research progress in disorders of consciousness (DOC).

A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar to identify studies related to TI stimulation. Both animal experiments and human studies were included. The neurophysiological mechanisms and clinical evidence of TI were analyzed through a narrative review and qualitative synthesis.

Current evidence suggests that TI can selectively modulate deep brain structures by generating amplitude-modulated electric fields within brain tissue. Its neuromodulatory effects are primarily associated with the regulation of thalamocortical networks, neural oscillatory activity, and neurotransmitter systems. Animal experiments and preliminary human studies have indicated that TI can achieve non-invasive modulation of deep brain regions in healthy individuals; however, its clinical efficacy in patients with (DOC) remains to be validated by ongoing clinical trials. At present, the available evidence is still mainly derived from animal experiments and small-sample studies, and standardized stimulation parameters as well as high-quality clinical trial evidence are lacking.

As an emerging non-invasive deep brain neuromodulation technique, TI has been demonstrated to enable non-invasive modulation of deep brain regions in healthy individuals and may have potential research value for arousal-promoting rehabilitation in patients with DOC. Nevertheless, its clinical efficacy and safety require further validation through large-scale randomized controlled trials.

To explore the rehabilitative efficacy of transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) in improving the emotional status of patients with post-stroke dysphagia (PSD).

A total of 70 inpatients with poststroke dysphagia complicated by mood disorders admitted to our hospital were enrolled from October 2024 to November 2025. Patients were assigned to the control group (shamTUS group) and the observation group (TUS group) by computer-generated simple random sampling at a 1:1 ratio, with 35 patients in each group. The control group received conventional rehabilitation training plus shamTUS intervention, whereas the observation group received conventional rehabilitation training combined with 20-minute daily TUS intervention. Both groups received training 6 days per week. Swallowing function was assessed using the water swallowing test (WST), and emotional status was evaluated using the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) before and after 4 weeks of treatment.

After treatment, WST grade, HAMA, HAMD, and PSQI scores decreased significantly in both groups compared with baseline (P<0.05). Inter-group comparisons after treatment showed that the WST grade [2 (2, 2) vs. 3(3, 3)], HAMA score [(9.11±3.45) vs. (16.26±4.77)], HAMD score [(8.29±2.81) vs. (15.06±2.54)], and PSQI score [(10.74±1.93) vs. (13.09±2.21)] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).

TUS combined with conventional rehabilitation training can significantly improve the emotional status of patients with PSD, providing a reference for the comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with PSD and emotional disorders.

To explore the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with mindfulness training on sleep quality, clinical symptoms and suicide risk during depressive episodes, as well as gender differences, and observe the safety of the treatment.

A total of 200 patients with depressive episodes admitted to Huizhou Second People's Hospital from July 2024 to April 2025 were included for analysis. They were divided into control group, a mindfulness group, an rTMS group, and a combined group by random number table method, with 50 cases in each group, and then subgroups were further divided according to gender. The control group received conventional Western medicine treatment, the mindfulness group received mindfulness training based on the control group, the rTMS group received rTMS based on the control group, and the combined group received rTMS combined with mindfulness training based on the control group. The sleep monitoring indicators [total sleep time (TST), sleep latency (SL), wake time (WASO), sleep efficiency (SE), proportion of non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1 (N1), stage 2 (N2), stage 3 (N3), proportion of rapid eye movement (REM)], clinical symptoms [Hamilton depression/anxiety scale (HAMD/HAMA)], nurses' global assessment of suicide risk (NGASR), and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the four groups, as well as the gender differences of the above indicators between the four groups.

Compared with before treatment, the sleep monitoring indicators of four groups improved after treatment, and the improvement of men and women in the combined group was respectively better than that of the control group of the same sex (P<0.05). The HAMD and HAMA scores of four groups decreased after treatment, and the scores of men and women in the combined group were respectively lower than those of the same-sex group in the control group (P<0.05). The NGASR scores of four groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment, and the scores of men and women in the combined group were respectively lower than those of the same-sex group in the control group (P<0.05). Comparison of the overall incidence of adverse reactions between the four treatment groups showed no statistically significant differences (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in each index among patients of different genders after treatment in the same group (P>0.05).

rTMS combined with mindfulness training can effectively improve the sleep quality and clinical symptoms of patients with depressive episodes, reduce the risk of suicide, and does not increase the risk of adverse reactions. However, no significant gender differences were found in terms of its effectiveness and safety.