To investigate the predictive value of infection-related blood indexes combined with palliative performance scale (PPS) score in 14-day survival of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment.

A total of 111 inpatients with pulmonary infection treated in the Department of Palliative Medicine, West China Fourth Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2022 to December 2022 were divided into survival group (n = 53) and death group (n = 58) according to the survival condition of 14 days after treatment. Age, sex, prevalence, infection-related blood index level, and PPS score of the two groups were compared by univariate analysis. Multivariate COX regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the 14-day survival prognosis of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment. The nomogram was constructed and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to verify the predictive performance of the model. The reliability of the model was determined by calibration curve and the clinical practicability of the model was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA).

Compared with the 14-day survival group, the palliative treatment group had lower PPS score, higher C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, white blood cell, and neutrophil count, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of multivariate COX regression analysis showed that high procalcitonin level (HR=2.201, 95%CI:1.394-3.143) and low PPS score were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment for 14 days (with reference to < 20%, 20%-30%: HR=0.333, 95%CI: 0.183-0.606; 40%-50%: HR=0.125,95%CI: 0.043-0.362; > 50%: HR=0.107, 95%CI: 0.014-0.814). The nomogram was constructed based on procalcitonin combined with PPS score. The area under the ROC curve (AUC value: 0.864, 95%CI: 0.809-0.919), calibration curve, and DCA curve results showed that the model had good predictive efficiency and clinical practicability compared with single index prediction.

Procalcitonin level combined with PPS score is a good predictor of poor prognosis in patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment for 14 days.

To investigate the causal relationship between tea intake and sex hormone levels by two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms related to tea intake were screened from the genome-wide association study as genetic instrumental variables. Five Mendelian randomized methods including simple model, weighted model, inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis, weighted median method, and MR-Egger method were used to study the causal association between tea intake and sex hormone levels, which was evaluated by the β value.

A total of 41 SNPs were included in this study. The results of inverse variance weighting method showed that tea intake could increase the level of bioavailable testosterone (β=0.073, P < 0.05) and decrease the level of estradiol (β=-0.023, P < 0.05). The estimated results of MR-Egger effect showed that tea intake could increase the level of bioavailable testosterone (β=0.179, P<0.05) and decrease the level of estradiol (β=-0.049, P<0.05), and the weighted median method also found that tea could increase the level of bioavailable testosterone (β=0.120，P<0.05) and decrease the level of extradiol (β=-0.047, P<0.05), consistent with the results of IVW method. MR-Egger regression method showed that there was no horizontal pleiotropy, leaving one method and Cochran’s Q statistics test showed no heterogeneity, and the direction of single SNP was correct.

Tea intake can up-regulate testosterone level and down-regulate estradiol level. Reasonable tea intake will contribute to the effective intervention of sex hormone-related diseases and provide important reference for the prevention and treatment of clinical diseases.

To analyze the effect of serum uric acid (UA) on cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

The cognitive function of 259 patients with AD who were followed up more than 3 times in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) follow-up cohort were measured by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The trajectory analysis model was used to classify the subjects according to the changing trend of MMSE scores during the follow-up period. Taking different trajectory groups as dependent variables and serum UA as independent variables, multi-classification Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the effect of serum UA on cognitive function in patients with different types of AD after adjusting various confounding factors.

According to the trajectory model, the subjects were divided into three subgroups: cognitive sudden decline group, cognitive slow decline group, and cognitive stationary group. There was significant difference in serum UA among different trajectory subgroups (F=4.910, P=0.008). After adjusting for the influence of bio-behavioral-disease potential confounding factors, multi-classification Logistic regression found that serum UA was an independent risk factor for the outcome of cognitive slow decline group (cognitive slow decline group: OR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.03-1.77).With each increase of 10 mg/L in UA level, the risk of cognitive decline in AD patients in cognitive slow decline group was 35%higher than that in cognitive stable group. In the cognitive sudden decline group, there was no risk association between UA and cognitive function.

Compared with those with stable cognitive development, high level of serum UA is a risk factor for slow cognitive decline in patients with AD.

To understand the effect of establishing health records on the acceptance of health management services in young and middle-aged floating population with hypertension and type 2 diabetes, and to provide references for improving the utilization rate of health management services and realizing the equalization of basic public health services.

Based on the population characteristics, family characteristics, health and public service characteristics of 6 391 young and middle-aged patients with chronic diseases aged 30 to 59 years old in 2017, Probit model and tendency score matching method were used to analyze the effect of health files on the acceptance of health management services in young and middle-aged floating population with hypertension and type 2 diabetes.

The results of Probit model showed that the coefficients of establishing health records for hypertension patients, type 2 diabetes patients, and patients with both diseases were 0.940, 0.905, and 1.333, respectively, and they were all significant at 1% level, indicating that the establishment of health records had a positive effect on the health management services of young and middle-aged floating population with chronic diseases. After correcting the endogenous problems of the model, the result remained robust. Heterogeneity analysis found that there were differences in age, self-rated health, and health education in the establishment of health records.

The establishment of health records has a positive impact on the acceptance of health management services for patients with chronic diseases in young and middle-aged floating population. In the future, we should pay attention to the basic public health service needs of patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged floating population, carry out health education and publicity work for patients with different characteristics, and improve the awareness and utilization rate of basic public health services.

To investigate the role of RIPK1/MLKL/PGAM5 pathway in traffic-related PM_2.5-induced heart injury in asthmatic mice.

In total 50 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group (NS group), asthma group (OVA group), OVA+ low concentration PM_2.5 group (LPM_2.5, 1.8 mg/ kg ·bw), OVA+ medium concentration PM_2.5 group (MPM_2.5,3.6 mg/ kg ·bw), and OVA+ high concentration PM_2.5 group (HPM_2.5, 7.2 mg/ kg ·bw). OVA asthma model mice were instilled with different concentrations of PM_2.5 suspension through nasal cavity for 10 times. The pathological changes of heart tissue were observed by HE staining, the apoptosis of heart tissue was detected by Tunnel staining, and the protein and mRNA expression levels of RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, PGAM5, DRP1, and mRNA in mouse heart tissue were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot methods.

Compared with NS group, the arrangement of central muscle fibers in PM_2.5 group was obviously disordered, the myocardial fibers in HPM_2.5 group were obviously broken, and the number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased. The protein expression of RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, PGAM5, DRP1, and p-DRP1 in HPM_2.5 group was higher than that in NS group (q₁=20.940, P < 0.05; q₂=7.311, P < 0.05; q₃=4.805, P < 0.05; q₄=5.976, P < 0.05; q₅=5.096, P < 0.05; q₆=10.390,P < 0.05). The expression of RIPK1, RIPK3, and DRP1 genes in HPM_2.5 group was significantly higher than that in NS group (q₁=7.952, P < 0.05; q₂=5.172, P < 0.05; q₃=5.430, P < 0.05).

Traffic-related PM2.5 can induce cardiac necrotic apoptosis in asthmatic mice through RIPK1/MLKL/PGAM5 pathway.

To explore the mechanism of online social participation affecting the health of the elderly through online social support and online risk exposure, and to explain the regulatory role of intergenerational cohabitation.

The data of online social participation and health status of people over 60 years old in Henan Province in 2023 were selected, and the moderated mediating effect, moderating effect, and regulated mediating effect were tested with the moderated intermediary effect model in PROCESS4.0 macro program.

Online social participation positively affected online social support (β=1.734, P < 0.001) and online risk exposure (β=1.453, P < 0.001). Online social support positively affected physical health (β=0.183, P < 0.001) and mental health (β=0.398, P < 0.001). Online risk exposure negatively affected physical health (β=-0.490,P < 0.001) and mental health (β=-0.598, P < 0.001). The interaction between online social participation and intergenerational cohabitation negatively affected online risk exposure (β=-0.784, P < 0.001), and the mediating effect differences between intergenerational cohabitation group and non-intergenerational cohabitation group were 0.384 (95%CI: 0.146-0.678) and 0.469(95%CI: 0.205-0.778) respectively on the physical/mental health path of online social participation.

Online social participation has a positive impact on the physical and mental health of the elderly through online social support, and a negative impact on physical and mental health through online risk exposure. Intergenerational cohabitation weakens the positive impact of online social participation on online risk exposure and the intermediary effect of online risk exposure.

To systematically analyze the incidence of nutritional risk in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.

Chinese database (WIP, National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan fang database, Sino Med) and English database (Cochrane library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science) were searched, and the related studies on the influencing factors of malnutrition in patients with Alzheimer’s disease were collected. After screening and evaluating the literatures according to the criteria, Stata16.0 and Revman5.4 were used to analyze the prevalence of nutritional risk of Alzheimer’s disease and its influencing factors by meta-analysis.

A total of 25 articles were included, the number of patients with Alzheimer’s disease was 3 372, and the number of patients with nutritional risk was 2 038, involving 12 influencing factors. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence rate of nutritional risk of AD was 62.5% (95%CI: 56.1%-68.9%). Marital status (OR=0.5, 95%CI: 0.34-0.73), course of disease (MD=0.36, 95%CI: 0.05-0.66) and swallowing function (OR=4.86, 95%CI: 1.74-13.61) were the influencing factors of nutritional risk of AD. Albumin (MD=-7.50, 95%CI: -9.25 to -5.75), cholesterol (MD=-0.87, 95%CI: -1.31 to -0.43), and hemoglobin (MD=-2.71, 95%CI: -3.96 to -1.46) were negatively correlated with nutritional risk in Chinese patients with Alzheimer’s disease.

The prevalence rate of nutritional risk in Chinese patients with Alzheimer’s disease is high and is related to marital status, course of disease, albumin, cholesterol, hemoglobin and swallowing function. Clinical attention should be paid to related factors and early identification and intervention to reduce the occurrence of nutritional risk and the impact of nutritional risk on the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

To explore the causal relationship between lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] and cerebral small vascular disease (CSVD) by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) public database, the single nucleotide polymorphisms independently associated with Lp (a) (P < 5 × 10^-8) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs). The main outcomes of this study were white matter hyperintensity (WMH), cerebral microhemorrhage, and lacunar infarction. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) mothod was used to evaluate the causal relationship between Lp (a) and CSVD. Sensitivity analysis was carried out by MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO to evaluate the pleiotropy of IVs. Furthermore, weighted median method, simple median method, and maximum likelihood ratio method were used to test the reliability of the results.

IVW results showed that there was a positive risk relationship between Lp (a) and WMH (OR=1.083, 95%CI: 1.035-1.134, P <0.001), but Lp (a) was not correlated with cerebral microhemorrhage (P=0.568) and lacunar infarction (P=0.651). MR-Egger analysis showed that the MR analysis of Lp (a) and WMH was not affected by horizontal pleiotropy (P=0.721).

MR analysis shows that Lp (a) is related to the increased risk of WMH.

To investigate the effect of built environment on cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and elderly people.

In this study, 17 256 subjects were selected from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2011 to 2018, and the built environment and meteorological data of their cities were collected. Multivariate logistics regression model and weighted quantile regression model were used to analyze the relationship between built environment and cardiovascular disease in the middle-aged and elderly.

Multivariate logistics regression analysis showed that for every increase of interquartile range (IQR) in land use mixture, residential land, and industrial land, the OR values were 1.13(95%CI: 1.07-1.19), 1.16 (95%CI: 1.10-1.23), and 1.11 (95%CI: 1.06-1.16), respectively. When the proportion of commercial land and green space area increased by 1 IQR, the OR values (95%CI) were 0.88 (95%CI: 0.85-0.92) and 0.94 (95%CI: 0.90-0.98), respectively. The mixed degree of land use, the proportion of residential land, and the proportion of industrial land all increased the risk of cardiovascular disease in men and women (P < 0.05), while the proportion of commercial land decreased the risk of cardiovascular disease in men and women. The green space area only decreased the risk of cardiovascular disease in women (P < 0.05). In the mixed exposure of 8 kinds of built environmental factors, the proportion of industrial land and residential land were 34.13% and 29.20%, respectively.

The built environment has a significant impact on the risk of cardiovascular disease in the middle-aged and elderly, and the area of green space has a more significant effect on the cardiovascular disease in the middle-aged and elderly women.

To evaluate the effect of EV71 inactivated vaccine on the epidemiological characteristics and reported incidence of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Quzhou city.

The surveillance data of HFMD cases in Quzhou city from 2009 to 2022 were collected by China Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management system, and the epidemiological characteristics were descriptively analyzed. The change trend of reported incidence of HFMD in Quzhou before and after the application of EV71 inactivated vaccine was analyzed by interruption time series design.

The average reported incidence of HFMD in Quzhou from 2009 to 2022 was 200.02/100 000. After the application of EV71 inactivated vaccine in Quzhou, the instantaneous change of HFMD reported incidence was -30.296/100 000 (t=0.30, P=0.773), the slope changes was-75.694/100 000 (t=5.43, P < 0.001), and the slope was -33.923 (β₁+β₃=33.923). The proportion of reported cases aged 0 to 4 years in all age groups decreased from 97.72% in 2009—2015 to 90.93% in 2016—2022.

The EV71 vaccine has achieved good prevention and control effect in a short time after coming into the market in Quzhou city, but the incidence rate is still high. It is necessary to strengthen the vaccination of children of school age, especially those less than 12 months old.