To analyze the status and long-term trends in dietary intake and dietary diversity of adults in Guizhou province from 1991 to 2018.

The food intake was worked out by 3 consecutive days of dietary recollection.The χ² test was used to analyze the dietary intake status of different dietary categories by demographic characteristics in 2018. Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the trend of the proportion of people at risk. Dietary Diversity Scores (DDS) were conducted based on the intake of 9 food groups, and a general linear model was used to test trends in DDS.

The proportion of insufficient intake of livestock and poultry meat was higher in people aged 60 years or older than in residents aged 18-44 years (χ²=11.931, P<0.001), the differences in the proportions of insufficient/excessive intake of vegetables, fat, oil and salt were statistically significant among ethnic groups (χ² range: 5.852-12.392,P range: <0.001-0.016), and those with higher education had lower proportions of insufficient intake of fruits and livestock (χ² range: 10.173-21.870, P range: <0.001-0.001), people in rural areas had higher excessive proportions of intake of oil and salt and higher insufficient proportions of livestock and poultry meat, fruits and aquatic products, but their proportions of insufficient intake of cereals and potatoes and soya nuts were lower (χ² range: 6.986-39.627, P range: <0.001-0.008) compared with the city and other populations. The proportion of insufficient intake of grains and potatoes, vegetables, soya beans and nuts in the population tended to increase(Z_cereal=17.839,Z _vegetable=11.579,Z_bean&nuts=7.749, P<0.001); the proportion of insufficient intake of fruits, livestock and poultry meat, eggs and dairy products tended to decrease (Z range: -19.991-(-2.764), P range: <0.001-0.006); the proportion of excessive intake of salt and alcohol in the population tended to decrease, while the proportion of excessive intake of sugar tended to increase (Z_salt=-20.899,Z_alcohol=-12.460,Z_sugar=6.791, P<0.001); except for those with education level of tertiary education and above (β=0.005, P=0.520), the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) of the rest of the subgroups showed an increasing trend (β range: 0.025-0.058, P<0.001).

The dietary structure of residents aged 18 years and above in Guizhou Province is irrational. Although the DDS score has increased, nutritional health interventions should be carried out for different groups of people to improve their dietary quality.

To analyze the causal relationships between basal metabolic rate(BMR) and frailty index (FI) based on bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization(MR).

The data of BMR (n=454 874) and FI (n=175 226) were extracted from the published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). By setting conditions with P<5×10^-8 as the screening criterion, the linkage disequilibrium coefficient set to 0.001 and the width of the linkage disequilibrium region of 10 000 kb, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were screened out as the final instrumental variables. Five methods including MR-Egger regression, weighted median, Inverse variance weighted (IVW), simple mode and weighted mode were used for MR analysis, and IVW was used as the main analysis method, and β and 95%CI were used to demonstrate the causal relationship between BMR and FI. MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO analysis were used to test the pleiotropy, and the heterogeneity was analyzed by Cochran Q test of MR-Egger. Leave-one-out test were performed to analyze the sensitivity. Finally, reverse MR analysis was used to verify the robustness of the results.

A total of 787 SNPs associated with BMR and 9 SNPs associated with FI were screened. The MR analysis showed a causal relationship between BMR and FI(Weighted median, β=0.105, 95%CI: 0.063-0.146, P<0.001; IVW, β=0.110, 95%CI: 0.808-0.140, P<0.001; weighted mode, β=0.145, 95%CI: 0.047-0.244, P=0.004). The screened SNPs did not have horizontal pleiotropy because the the MR-Egger intercept was 0.000 2 (P=0.374), Therefore, the MR was an effective method for causal inference in this study. The Cochran Q-test results showed Q=137.053, P=0.188, indicating no heterogeneity among the SNPs included in the MR analysis. And no outlier SNPs were found by MR-PRESSO analysis. The sensitivity analysis based on the leave-one-out method showed that the individual SNP did not affect the robustness of the MR analysis results. No causal relationship between FI and BMR was found in the reverse MR analysis(P>0.05).

Genetically predicted high BMR level is significantly associated with elevated FI, and there is no association in reverse direction, which may provide fresh ideas for proposing feasible interventions to manage frailty.

To explore the causal association between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using two-sample Mendelian randomization.

The data of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of gut microbiota as an exposure factor and type 2 diabetes mellitus as an outcome variable were obtained from the public genome-wide association study database. MR-Egger, weighted median method, inverse variance weighted method (IVW), simple model, and weighted model were used for MR Analysis. The MR-Egger method and IVW method were used for heterogeneity analysis. MR-Egger intercept was used to test the pleiotropy of the data, and the leave-one-out method was used for sensitivity analysis to evaluate the robustness of the results.

A total of 7 gut microbiota were found to be associated with type 2 diabetes in East Asians, and the risk bacteria were Eubacteriumnodatumgroup, Ruminococcaceae UCG010, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Victivall, and protect bacteria were Enterorhabdus, Erysipelatoclostridium, Romboutsia. There were a total of four kinds of intestinal flora in the European population associated with type 2 diabetes, dangerous bacteria were Howardella, Eubacteriumruminantiumgroup, Eubacteriumventriosumgroup, and protect bacteria were FamilyXIIIAD3011group.

Specific gut microbiota may have causal effects on the risk of type 2 diabetes.

To explore the relationship between lifestyle and depression symptoms among college students.

A total of 21 143 college students from a private university in Shaanxi province were selected to conduct an online questionnaire survey, including social demographic characteristics, lifestyle and depression symptoms. GAMMA regression and Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between five lifestyle and unhealthy lifestyle scores and depression symptoms in college students.

The depression symptom score of college students was 29(22,36), and the prevalence of depression symptoms was 15.57%. The prevalence of smoking, drinking, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, low body weight or obesity were 17.98%, 24.24%, 83.45%, 80.11% and 46.63%, respectively. The five unhealthy lifestyles were significantly correlated with depression symptoms of college students (all P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that, compared with the unhealthy lifestyle scores of 0-1, the score of depression symptoms increased in the group with 3, 4 and 5 score of unhealthy lifestyle, with β(95%CI) values of 0.57(0.23-0.92), 1.91(1.48-2.34) and 2.47(1.79-3.15), respectively. Compared with the unhealthy lifestyle scores of 0-1, the risk of depression symptoms was increased in unhealthy lifestyle scores of 2, 3, 4 and 5, and the odds ratio value (95%CI) were 1.19(1.02-1.40), 1.41(1.21-1.65), 1.86(1.56-2.21) and 2.18(1.71-2.78), respectively.

Unhealthy lifestyle is related to the increased risk of depression symptoms in college students. The more types of unhealthy lifestyle, the higher the score of depression symptoms and the higher the risk of depression symptoms.

To investigate the interaction between overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia on hyperuricemia (HUA), and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of HUA.

The data were derived from the physical examination records of workers at the Xishan Coal and Electricity Group in 2018, encompassing a total of 38 615 study participants.SAS 9.3 software was used to conduct χ² test and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Additive interaction model was used to analyze the interaction between overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia on HUA.

The prevalence rate of HUA was 18.28%. After adjusting for gender, age, smoking, drinking, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and blood creatinine, the results of multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that overweight/obesity (OR=2.756, 95%CI: 2.584-2.939) and dyslipidemia (OR=2.221, 95%CI: 2.100-2.349) were associated with a higher risk of HUA, respectively. Interaction analyses showed a synergistic additive interaction between overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia on the prevalence of HUA, with those who were overweight/obese and dyslipidemic having a higher risk of HUA than those who had neither (OR=4.840,95%CI: 4.452-5.261), and the relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) was 0.4,the attributable proportion of interaction (API) was 0.083, and the synergy index (SI) was 1.116.

Overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia both increase the risk of HUA, and there is synergistic additive interaction between them.Controlling body mass index and lipid levels may prevent HUA.

To analyze the epidemic characteristics of infectious disease public health emergencies in Beijing in recent 10 years, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of infectious disease public health emergencies.

Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the occurrence characteristics of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in Beijing from 2014 to 2023.

From 2014 to 2023, a total of 443 public health emergencies of infectious diseases were reported in Beijing, with 7 334 cases and 20 deaths. The incidence rate was 1.56% and the fatality rate was 0.27%. There were 240 unclassified incidents (54.18%) and 202 general incidents (45.60%). The main categories were Class B incidents and Class C incidents, with 202 events (45.60%) and 98 events (22.12%) reported respectively. The main transmission routes were life contact transmission, water and food transmission and vector animal and plant transmission, with 192 evens (43.34%), 36 evens (8.13%) and 29 evens (6.55%) reported respectively. The main occurrence places were home and school, with 215 events (48.53%) and 136 events (30.70%) reported respectively. The peak months were June-August and January-February, with 149 events (33.63%) and 105 events (23.70%) reported respectively. The prediction accuracy of the grey model GM(1,1) is excellent, but the difference between the predicted value and the actual value in 2020-2023 is large.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed the rising trend of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in Beijing, but the prevention and control work in the post-COVID-19 era should not be ignored, and the comprehensive prevention and control of key infectious diseases and imported infectious diseases should be strengthened in key seasons and places.

To analyze the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors attributed to HPV infection in Sichuan region from 2018 to 2022.

From January 2018 to December 2022, the population, tumor incidence rate and mortality in Sichuan were collected, and the population attributable fraction (PAF) attributable to HPV infection was calculated by age and sex.

The population attributable proportions of HPV infection among residents in Sichuan region from 2018 to 2022 for the incidence and mortality of common malignant tumors were 65.0% and 59.2% respectively. The attribution of HPV (PAF) to the incidence of malignant tumors in the oropharynx, oral cavity, and throat of males was higher than that of females (χ²=78.904, P<0.001).The attributable HPV (PAF) of cervical, vulva, oral, and laryngeal malignant tumors in urban populations was higher than that in rural populations(χ²=119.03, P<0.001).In addition, there was a gender difference (P<0.05) in the relationship between the incidence of tumors attributed to HPV infection and age, indicating that males had earlier onset ages for various tumors. The attribution of HPV (PAF) to death in male oropharyngeal, oral, and laryngeal malignant tumors was higher than that in females(χ²=110.578, P<0.001).The mortality attributable HPV (PAF) of cervical, anal, oropharyngeal, oral, and laryngeal malignant tumors in urban populations was higher than that in rural populations(χ²=66.285, P<0.001).In addition, there was a gender difference (P<0.05) in the relationship between tumor mortality attributed to HPV infection and age, with males dying earlier for oral and oropharyngeal malignancies, and females dying earlier for anal malignancies.

From 2018 to 2022, the incidence and death of tumors attributed to HPV infection in Sichuan region are more, and the incidence and death show an increasing trend, among which timely screening of cervical cancer is the key to reduce the incidence and death of HPV tumors.

To analyze the relationship between childhood emotional abuse (CEA) and short video addiction symptoms(SVAS) in middle school students, and to explore the mediation of cognitive interference(CI) and boredom proneness(BP).

In October 2023, 972 middle school students were tested with childhood emotional abuse scale, short video addiction symptoms scale, cognitive interference scale and boredom proneness scale using the multistage stratified cluster sampling, andprocess was used to analyze chain mediation.

28.19% of short video addiction symptoms was detected, it was higher in girls (χ²=7.961, P=0.005), higher in grade two(χ²=19.747, P<0.001), higher without home visits (χ²=7.221, P=0.007).Total indirect effect of CEA→SVAS was TIE=0.309(95%CI: 0.252-0.374), effect size P_M=69.29%. Indirect effect of CEA→CI→SVAS was IE=0.154 (95%CI:0.113-0.202). Indirect effect of CEA→BP→SVAS was IE=0.079 (95%CI:0.050-0.115). Indirect effect of CEA→CI→BP→SVAS was IE=0.075 (95%CI:0.053-0.104).

CEA can predict SVAS in middle school students through CI and BP.