To investigate the association between alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and prediabetes prevalence in US adults.

We analyzed data from 2 926 participants (age ≥18 years) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017-2023). Participants were classified into prediabetes and non-prediabetes groups. AGP levels were measured and analyzed both as continuous and quartile-categorized variables. Weighted logistic regression models were employed to assess this relationship after adjusting for covariates.

The prediabetes group showed significantly higher AGP levels (0.79±0.02) versus controls (0.78±0.01; P<0.001). In fully adjusted models, each unit increase in AGP was associated with 7.8% higher prediabetes risk (OR=1.08, 95%CI:1.453-1.842). Quartile analysis revealed progressively increasing risks from Q2 to Q4 versus Q1 (all P<0.05). Subgroup analyses showed stronger associations in females (OR=1.01,95%CI:1.095-2.778, P=0.043) and younger adults (18-39 years; OR=1.22, 95%CI:1.182-7.965, P=0.008).

Elevated AGP levels are consistently associated with increased prediabetes risk, suggesting its potential as a novel biomarker for early risk identification.

To analyze the disease burden trends of stroke and its subtypes in China.

Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, descriptive statistical analysis and Joinpoint regression models were employed to examine trends from 1990 to 2021, while the Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was applied to predict disease burden up to 2036.

From 1990 to 2021, the number of stroke cases in China increased by 142.65%, yet the standardized incidence rate decreased by 9.78%, and the mortality rate dropped by 43.01%. Subtype analysis revealed a significant increase of 35.72% in the incidence of ischemic stroke, while the mortality rate from subarachnoid hemorrhage declined by 82.70%. In 2021, the male-to-female ratio of incidence rose to 1.73, and the decrease in the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) rate was 16 percentage points higher for women than for men, indicating a widening gender disparity compared to 1990. The age distribution exhibited a bimodal pattern, with the highest incidence rate observed in the 75-79 age group (2 005.45 per 100 000), and the largest decrease in standardized DALYs occurred in the 55-59 age group, increasing by 57.61% compared to 1990. Attributable risk analysis showed that high systolic blood pressure remains the primary risk factor, with a standardized mortality rate of 77.73 per 100 000. However, deaths associated with low physical activity have surged by 222.54% in the past two decades. By 2036, it is predicted that the standardized incidence of stroke among women will increase by 5.26% compared to 2021, while the mortality rate among men will decrease by 16.69%, further exacerbating gender disparities.

While China has achieved progress in stroke prevention, challenges persist due to population aging and evolving risk factors. Targeted interventions addressing the rise of ischemic stroke, younger-onset cases, and gender disparities are urgently needed, alongside enhanced air pollution control, metabolic syndrome management, and regionalized tertiary prevention networks.

To explore the association between multimorbidity patterns and new-onset depressive symptoms in a community population in Sichuan.

Based on the follow-up data of a Southwest cohort, multimorbidity patterns were identified among 16 long-term diseases using latent class analysis. Logistic regression model was used to investigate the associations of multimorbidity status, number of multimorbidity, and specific multimorbidity patterns with new-onset depressive symptoms. Differences in these associations within subgroups of age, sex, frequency of alcohol consumption, smoking status, and level of green space were compared by stratified analyses.

Multimorbidity status and number of multimorbidity were significantly associated with the risk of new-onset depressive symptoms with OR values of 1.46 (95% CI: 1.13-1.88) and 1.19 (1.09-1.29), respectively. Compared with hypertension multimorbidity pattern, hyperlipidemia multimorbidity and metabolic-skeletal multimorbidity were associated with the risk of depression onset with OR values of 1.69 (95% CI: 1.01-2.61) and 2.90 (95% CI: 1.47-5.71).

Multimorbidity can increase the risk of depression, and metabolic-skeletal multimorbidity has a higher risk of depression compared to hyperlipidemic multimorbidity.

Based on the life course theory, this study aims to understand the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and body roundness index (BRI) among Chinese older adults, as well as gender heterogeneity, in order to provide scientific evidence for the formulation of obesity prevention and control policies for older adults.

Data from 7 695 participants in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2013-2015) were analyzed. OLS regression and RCS models were used to assess the linear and dose-response relationships, respectively, and examine gender differences.

Of the 7 695 older adults included in the analysis, those who had experienced ACEs exhibited higher BRI compared to those who had not (β₁=0.68, P<0.01;β₂=0.74, P<0.01;β₃=0.78, P<0.01;β₄=0.74, P<0.01). The impact of ACEs on BRI was partially explained by family environment, living conditions, and policy environment, as outlined in the theory of health ecology. The RCS results showed a significant non-linear inverted “J” shaped distribution between ACEs and BRI in the overall population. Gender heterogeneity was observed, with a significant non-linear inverted “U” shaped distribution among males and a significant non-linear relationship among females.

ACEs are significantly linked to BRI in Chinese seniors, with gender differences. This has key implications for policy improvement, emphasizing healthy environments, risk prevention, counseling, and early interventions to reduce future health risks.

To analyze the status quo and influencing factors of condom use in MSM population, and to provide reference for the formulation of intervention strategies.

From August to October 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 281 MSM in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, including social demographic information, AIDS-related services, behavioral and psychological status. The random forest algorithm was used to reduce and screen the influencing factors of condom use, and then SHAP analysis was used to explain the random forest model after variable screening.

The rate of consistent condom use among MSM in the past 6 months was 65.5 %. When the number of variables after dimensionality reduction was 7, the random forest model had the best performance (AUC: 0.834). The results of SHAP analysis showed that the mean value of the importance of variables and the absolute value of SHAP were the score of condoms use self-efficacy (0.079 0), the score of AIDS-related discrimination (0.051 3), whether there was heterosexual behavior (0.029 9), living conditions (0.011 4), the way to find homosexual partners in the last six months (0.007 8), occupation (0.004 8) and sexual role (0.002 6). MSM who had low condom use self-efficacy scores, high AIDS-related discrimination scores, had heterosexual sex, and had contact with same-sex partners at home had poor condom use adherence, while MSM who lived alone, were students, and had both sex roles had better condom use adherence.

Improving the condom use self-efficacy of MSM, reducing HIV-related discrimination, focusing on and intervening in MSM with heterosexual partners, and MSM who often contact with homosexual partners at home may help to improve the condom use rate of MSM.

Toanalyze epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of mumps in Qinghai Province from 2014 to 2023 and provide reference for the prevention and control of mumps.

The incidence data of Mumps in Qinghai Province from 2014 to 2023 were collected, and the descriptive method was used to analyze the change changing pattern of Mumps incidence. Geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) was established, the mean regression coefficients were calculated, and different factors (Social factors: GDP per capita, number of students in schools; Natural factors: annual average temperature, annual average wind speed, annual total precipitation, annual total sunshine hours) on the incidence of Mumps.

From 2014 to 2023, a total of 14 278 cases of Mumps were reported in Qinghai Province, with an average annual incidence rate of 24.06/100 000, of which the highest in 2019 (65.62/100 000) and the lowest in 2016 (8.28/100 000). The seasonal index showed that Mumps showed a bimodal epidemic trend in winter and summer. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.2:1, the highest number of cases was found in 5-<15 years old (40.66%) and 15-<25 years old (35.94%); and the occupation was dominated by students (69.15%). The incidence rate was the highest in Xining City (29.29/100 000 people) and the lowest in Yushu Prefecture (8.49/100 000 people). The GTWR model results showed that there were positive associations between annual average temperature, per capita GDP, annual total precipitation and the incidence of Mumps; and negative associations between the number of students in schools, annual average wind speed, and annual total sunshine hours with the incidence rate of Mumps.

The reported incidence of Mumps in Qinghai showed an overall downward trend. Focus on children and students aged 5 to 25 in Xining; social and natural factors have spatial heterogeneity on the incidence of Mumps, and regional prevention and control measures can be formulated in each region according to the actual situation.

To describe and analyze the changes in the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) attributed to tobacco in China from 1990 to 2021, as well as to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of CVD.

Weextracted CVD death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) data attributed to tobacco in China from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Database from 1990 to 2021, analyzed their trends by Joinpoint software, and used Bayesian Age Period Queue Model (BAPC) to predict the changes in CVD disease burden attributed to tobacco in China from 2022 to 2030.

The number of CVD deaths attributed to tobacco in China rose from 54 300 in 1990 to 101 400 in 2021, with the standardized mortality rate decreasing from 75.59 per 100 000 in 1990 to 52.32 per 100 000 in 2021, representing an average annual decrease of 1.24% (95% CI: -1.53%~-0.95%). The DALYs caused by CVD attributed to tobacco in China increased from 15 158 million person-years in 1990 to 23 530 million person-years in 2021, with the standardized DALY rate decreasing from 1 766.25 per 100 000 in 1990 to 1 145.78 per 100 000 in 2021, representing an average annual decrease of 1.42% (95% CI: -1.63%~-1.20%). Prediction models indicated that the CVD disease burden attributed to tobacco in China from 2022 to 2030 will decrease over time, with the standardized mortality rate and standardized DALY rate potentially reaching 45.47 per 100 000 and 967.51 per 100 000, respectively, in 2030.

Although the standardized mortality rate and DALY rate of CVD attributed to tobacco in China have shown a downward trend from 1990 to 2021, the disease burden is still relatively heavy, with significant differences between genders and ages. This suggests that early prevention of CVD in the elderly population, especially in the elderly male population, should be further strengthened to effectively reduce the burden of CVD disease attributed to tobacco in China.

To explore the factors of depression symptoms in middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases in China and establish a risk prediction model to provide a reference for achieving healthy aging.

Based on data from the fifth waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, patients with chronic diseases aged ≥ 45 years were included in the study and randomly divided into training and testing sets at a ratio of 7:3. Based on the Health Ecology Model, factors were analyzed by chi-square test and binary logistic regression and a nomogram was constructed. The performance of the risk prediction model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curves, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.

The prevalence incidence of depression symptoms among middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases was 49.71%. The results showed that gender, age, number of chronic diseases, BADL status, IADL status in the personal characteristics layer, late sleep duration and whether often bothered by pain in the behavior pattern layer, type of residence and satisfaction with children in the interpersonal network layer, education level and availability of shower facilities in the life and work layer were significantly correlated with depression symptoms among middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases. The AUC values for the training and testing sets of depression symptoms risk prediction model among middle-aged and elderly participants with chronic diseases in China were 0.762 and 0.753, respectively. The calibration curve demonstrated good agreement between predicted and actual probabilities, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (P>0.05) confirmed the model’s satisfactory predictive performance.

The prevalence incidence of depression symptoms is relatively high among middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases in China. Improving the quality of life of this population across multiple dimensions is essential for promoting healthy aging.

To explore the quantitative association and dose-response relationship between systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) and the risk of hypertension among petrochemical workers.

This cohort study included 2 386 occupational workers from a large petrochemical enterprise in southern China. Baseline data were collected in 2018 through occupational health monitoring, and follow-up data were obtained annually through regular physical exams until 2023. The study gathered demographic information, occupational exposure data, blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipid levels, and SII results via questionnaires, hazard monitoring, physical exams, and laboratory tests. We used multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models and restricted cubic spline analysis to examine the quantitative association and dose-response relationship between SII and new-onset hypertension. Stratified analyses were performed based on occupational exposure, age, and gender.

During the follow-up period, 645 new cases of hypertension were identified. SII was positively correlated with hypertension risk in a dose-dependent manner. The SII was categorized into three groups (T1, T2, and T3). After adjusting for covariates, the hypertension risk in the T2 and T3 groups was 1.40 (95% CI:1.16-1.70) and 1.30 (95% CI: 1.06-1.58), respectively, compared to the T1 group. The relationship between SII and hypertension risk followed a nonlinear, inverted U-shape: risk increased with higher SII values up to a point, then decreased (P=0.005, nonlinear P=0.007). Subgroup analysis revealed that the patterns observed in workers under 39 years old and male workers were consistent with the overall population. Noise exposure did not affect the association between SII and hypertension risk, but no such association was found among workers exposed to benzene and its homologs.

SII is positively correlated with hypertension risk in petrochemical workers in a dose-dependent manner, exhibiting a nonlinear dose-response relationship. These findings provide a basis for using SII in hypertension risk assessment and prevention strategies in petrochemical workers.

This study aims to investigate the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) by analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Participants aged ≥20 years were selected from NHANES 2009-2016. Due to the left-skewed distribution of urinary PAHs metabolites (OH-PAHs), logarithmic transformation (lg) was applied to approximate a normal distribution. Participants were categorized into four quartiles based on lgOH-PAHs levels. A multiple linear regression model was used to evaluate the association between PAHs and AIP. A smoothing curve fitting approach was employed to explore potential nonlinear relationships, and subgroup analyses were conducted.

A total of 3 084 participants were included, including 1 560 females (50.6%) with an average age of (49.1±17.6) years.After adjusting for age, sex, race, education level, marital status, the ratio of family income to poverty, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and high cholesterol, multiple linear regression analysis indicated a positive association between the highest quartile of PAHs exposure (Q4) (β=0.056, 95% CI: 0.021-0.091) and AIP compared to the lowest quartile (Q1). In sex-stratified subgroup analyses, higher PAHs exposure (Q4) (β=0.068, 95% CI: 0.010-0.126) was positively associated with AIP in the male population. A similar positive correlation was also found in the female population (β=0.047, 95% CI: 0.001-0.094). In BMI-stratified analyses, the association between PAHs exposure and AIP was significant in participants with BMI <25(β=0.096, 95% CI: 0.032-0.160). Smoothing curve fitting demonstrated an inverted U-shaped relationship between PAHs concentration and AIP.

This study found a strong association between PAHs exposure and AIP, suggesting that PAHs exposure may be an important risk factor for increased AIP.