To explore the impact of passive smoking during pregnancy on neurobehavioral developmental abnormalities in 1-year-old children.

1 363 pairs of mothers and children from the Shenzhen birth Cohort study platform were selected as the research objects. Questionnaire was used to investigate the general demography characteristics and passive smoking of pregnant women during pregnancy, and the age and development process questionnaire (ASQ-3/ASQ: SE) was used to assess the neurobehavioral development of children at one year old. Analyze the impact of passive smoking during pregnancy on neurobehavioral developmental abnormalities in 1-year-old children using a logistic regression model.

Passive smoking during pregnancy had varying degrees of harmful effects on the development of 1-year-old children, except for gross movements. Compared with those without passive smoking, pregnant women with severe passive smoking in early pregnancy had an increased risk of delayed development in communication (OR=1.932, 95%CI: 1.023-3.648), fine motor skills (OR=3.388, 95%CI: 1.232-9.317), problem-solving (OR=3.270, 95%CI: 1.317-7.795), and social emotional development (OR=1.792, 95%CI: 1.159-2.772) among their offspring. In mid-pregnancy, pregnant women who smoke passively had an increased risk of delayed development in communication (OR=1.802, 95%CI: 1.068-3.039) and personal social (OR=1.705, 95%CI: 1.080-2.837) among their offspring, while pregnant women who smoke heavily had an increased risk of delayed development in communication (OR=2.864, 95%CI: 1.322-6.240) and social emotional (OR=1.882, 95%CI: 1.081-3.275) among their offspring. In late pregnancy, pregnant women with severe passive smoking had an increased risk of delayed communication (OR=3.415, 95%CI: 1.366-3.158), fine motor skills (OR=3.976 times, 95%CI: 1.838-13.360), and social emotional development (OR=2.231, 95%CI: 1.234-4.032) in their offspring.

Passive smoking in the early, middle, and late stages of pregnancy can have varying degrees of harmful effects on the neurobehavioral development of offspring at one year old. Suggest relevant departments to increase publicity and education efforts, guide the public to reduce indoor smoking and pay attention to maternal health and early neurobehavioral development in children.

To explore the non-immunization vaccines hesitancy and associated factors among parents of 0-18 years old children in Karamay.

Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), we used a stratified sampling method to select parents of 0-18 years old children in 12 schools of Karamay for a questionnaire-based survey．The structural equation model was used to determine relationships between variables.

Of 1 258 parents included in the analysis, the incidence of vaccine hesitancy among those was 38.95%. Logistic regression analysis showed that parents with younger children, higher educated, higher income, and longer local residence were less likely to be hesitant. The indicators of model fit are in line with the theoretical requirements. The model explains 56% of the variance of parental hesitancy to vaccinate. Attitudes (β_standard=-0.36, P<0.01), subjective norms (β_standard=-0.23, P<0.01), perceived behavioral control (β_standard=-0.21, P<0.01), and perceived risk (β_standard=-0.12, P<0.01) were associated with non-immunization vaccines hesitancy.

The TPB model can better explain parents’ hesitancy to receive non-immunization vaccines. To increase parental willingness about vaccinate, it is essential to strengthen parents’ trust in vaccine quality and knowledge of vaccines. Furthermore, utilizing physicians and social media for health education is crucial.

To explore the association between metabolic score of insulin resistance (METS-IR) and the risk of Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) in middle-aged and elderly Chinese.

A population-based cohort study was conducted using data from the China Longitudinal Study of Health and Aging (CHARLS) among Chinese residents aged 45 years or older from 2011 to 2018. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between METS-IR and new CMM, and stratified analyses were performed in different populations to observe the interaction between covariates and METS-IR. The dose-response relationship between METS-IR and new CMM in different body weight population was observed with restricted cubic spline. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to analyze the value of METS-IR in predicting the risk of CMM.

A total of 5 349 subjects were included in this study, and the incidence of CMM was 2.08%. After adjusting for all included covariates, METS-IR as a continuous variable was positively correlated with the risk of CMM (HR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.05-1.09, P<0.001). As a categorical variable, the highest METS-IR group was still positively associated with the risk of CMM (HR: 3.47, 95%CI: 2.06-5.84, P<0.001). In total participants (P for overall <0.001), normal weight (P for overall = 0.022) and overweight and obese (P for overall = 0.008) populations still had a linear relationship between MET-IR and CMM risk. METS-IR was predictive of CMM risk (AUC: 0.651, 95%CI: 0.598-0.704).

The study finds that METS-IR is positively associated with an increased risk of new CMM in middle-aged and older adults and should be of continued concern in both normal weight and overweight obese people to reduce the risk of CMM.

To construct a symptom network for patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in the acute phase, and to explore the core symptom clusters to provide reference for healthcare professionals to carry out individualized and precise symptom management.

From December 2022 to January 2024, 423 hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage patients hospitalized in the neurosurgery departments of three tertiary-level A hospitals in Hebei Province were conveniently selected for the study. General information questionnaire, Chinese version of Memory Symptom Assessment Scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale were used to collect data. Symptom clusters were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, symptom networks were constructed in R language to analyze the centrality indexes, and the symptom clusters that had the greatest impact on patients’ quality of life were clarified through stratified regression to determine the core symptom clusters.

The most common symptoms in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage were pain (83.5 %), worry (80.6%), nausea (75.7%), and the most severe symptom was pain (2.29±0.05), followed by nausea (1.93±0.06) and worry (1.72±0.06). Exploratory factor analysis identified five symptom clusters, namely, sickness symptom cluster, dysfunction symptom cluster, mental-emotional symptom cluster, respiratory symptom cluster, and gastrointestinal symptom cluster, with a cumulative variance contribution of 61.832%. The symptom with the highest expected impact value in the symptom network was pain (r_s=1.17). Stratified regression analyses showed that the cluster of sickness symptoms had the greatest impact on quality of life (β=-4.677，95%CI：-5.224 - -4.131，P<0.001), explaining 46.5% of the model.

The symptom cluster is the core symptom cluster in the acute phase of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage patients, based on which healthcare professionals can take appropriate interventions to carry out symptom management and further improve the efficiency of symptom management.

To analyze the association of 11 anthropometric indicators (AIs) with gastric cancer and precancerous lesions in people aged 40-69 years in Yangzhong City.

Using the cluster sampling method, 10 698 residents aged 40-69 years who participated in upper gastrointestinal cancer screening in Yangzhong City from November 2017 to December 2022 were selected for questionnaire survey, physical examination, endoscopy and pathological diagnosis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between AIs [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body fat percentage (BF%), conicity index (CI), body adiposity estimator (BAE), a body shape index (ABSI), body adiposity index (BAI), body roundness index (BRI) and abdominal volumetric index (AVI)] and gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.

The prevalence of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions was 39.37% among 10 115 residents. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that compared with those in quartile 1 (Q1), the Q3 and Q4 populations of BMI had an 11.1% (OR=0.889, 0.791-0.999) and 12.4% (OR=0.876, 0.779-0.984) lower risk of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions, respectively. The Q2, Q3 and Q4 populations of BF% had 14.2% (OR=0.858, 0.756-0.974), 17.4% (OR=0.826, 0.689-0.991) and 26.6% (OR=0.734, 0.603-0.893) lower risk of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions risk, respectively. The Q2 and Q4 populations of the BAE had reduced the risk of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions by 13.2% (OR=0.868, 0.766-0.983) and 21.3% (OR=0.787, 0.648-0.957). The risk of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions in BAI’s Q2 and Q3 populations was reduced by 13.7% (OR=0.863, 0.767-0.970) and 13.1% (OR=0.869, 0.769-0.983), respectively. Stratified analysis showed that BMI, BF%, BAE and BAI were associated with a reduced risk of non-cardia gastric cancer and precancerous lesions (all P<0.05). However, only the Q2 level of BAE was associated with a reduced risk of cardia gastric cancer and precancerous lesions compared to the Q1 (P<0.05).

Increased levels of BMI, BF%, BAE, and BAI among residents aged 40-69 years in Yangzhong City are associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions. However, most of this association apply to non-cardia but not cardia.

To understand the willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among MSM in Guiyang, explore related factors, so as to provide reference for promoting PrEP in Guiyang and Guizhou Province.

Two social organizations in Guiyang were recruited among MSM from gay bars, WeChat groups and other social venues and the Internet by convenient sampling method from April to June, 2022. Questionnaires were collected using the “Wen Juan Xing” platform, the contents of the survey included demographic information, behavioral characteristics, knowledge of PrEP, the willingness to use PrEP and so on. Univariate analysis of the willingness to use PrEP was used Chi-square test, logistics regression was carried out to analyze the multiple-factors related to the willingness to use PrEP. Taking the willingness to use PrEP as the dependent variable, univariate and multivariate logistics regression was carried out to analyze the factors related to the willingness to use PrEP.

608 valid questionnaires were collected. A total of 146 people (24.0%) knew about PrEP, 216 people (35.5%) had used PrEP before, and 525 people (86.3%) were willing to use PrEP if they had high-risk behaviors. The results of multivariate analysis showed that non-Guiyang resident (OR=3.09, 95%CI:1.42-6.73), living in Guiyang for 7-12 months (OR=5.12, 95%CI:2.25-11.65) and more than 1 year (OR=4.19, 95%CI:1.85-9.49), employed (OR=17.05, 95%CI:4.14-70.26), unemployed (OR=6.29, 95%CI:1.18-33.59), tested for HIV in the last 1 year (OR=3.77, 95%CI:1.70-8.38), those who had previously used PrEP (OR=15.85, 95%CI: 5.12-49.11) and aware of PrEP (OR=4.82, 95%CI: 1.88-12.38) were more likely to use PrEP.

The MSM population surveyed in Guiyang has a low awareness rate of PrEP, higher willingness to use PrEP, and relative factors, develop targeted measures to promote knowledge about PrEP according to relative factors, so as to improve the knowledge of PrEP, confidence and willingness to use PrEP. Promote the use of PrEP in the context of comprehensive AIDS prevention and control, such as the use of condoms, to reduce the risk of HIV infection.

To explore the relationship between H-type hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.

From December 2021 to December 2022, 257 patients with CKD were randomly collected from the Department of Nephrology of Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, and 257 patients were collected in the physical examination department as the control group. Data on general demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, disease history, and clinical indicators were collected for all study subjects. The epidemic status and influencing factors of CKD, and the relationship between H-type hypertension and CKD were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. An interaction model was constructed to analyze the interaction effect of homocysteine (Hcy) and hypertension on the onset of CKD. The effect of H-type hypertension and related influencing factors on CKD were explored by subgroup analysis.

The results of univariate analysis of general demographic characteristics and clinical indicators between CKD and control groups showed: age, ethnicity, educational level, per capita income, exercise status, sleep duration, BMI, history of H-type hypertension, triglycerides (TG), High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), albumin (ALB), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), Hcy, total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), C reactive protein (CRP) levels (P<0.05). Dichotomized Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of CKD, adjusted for age, nationality, educational level, family income, exercise, sleep duration, BMI, TG, HDL, ALB, GFR, BUN, UA, TBIL, CRP was 2.333 times higher than in those without H-type hypertension(OR=2.333, 95%CI: 1.365-3.989, P=0.002). The interaction results between hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and hypertension suggested that there was a positive additive interaction between HHcy and hypertension, with no multiplicative interaction. There was an interaction between H-type hypertension and age, educational level, average annual family income, and sleep duration on the onset of CKD (P<0.05).

H-type hypertension is a risk factor for CKD, and there is an additive interaction between the effects of HHcy and hypertension on CKD.

To explore the status and influencing factors of latent tuberculosis infection among high school students in Chongqing, and to provide technical support for the prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools in Chongqing.

Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select the students of the first and second years of high school in Chongqing in 2023, as the study subjects to detect latent tuberculosis infection with recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein skin test, to collect the information related to latent tuberculosis infection, and to analyse the influencing factors using Logistic regression model.

A total of 9161 students in the first and second years of high school in Chongqing were included, and 543 latent tuberculosis infections were detected, with a latent tuberculosis infection rate of 5.93%. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that history of previous tuberculosis (OR:4.244, 95%CI:2.239-8.044), history of close contact with tuberculosis (OR:2.096, 95%CI:1.123-3.914), smoking (OR:6.819, 95%CI:3.562-13.053), and staying up late (OR:1.665, 95%CI:1.154-2.402) were risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection in students.

The rate of latent tuberculosis infection among students in the first and second years of high school in Chongqing is low. Not smoking, not staying up late, avoiding close contact with tuberculosis patients, taking good personal protective measures, strengthening physical exercise, and improving immunity can reduce the risk of students being infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background Suicide has become a major public health issue of global concern. Suicidal ideation represents the initial psychological and one of the strongest predictorsactivities associated with suicidal behavior. Suicidal ideation is a dynamic state factor rather than a static trait factor, so it is necessary to study the development trajectory of suicidal ideation and its related factors.Objective To investigate the development trajectory and relatedfactors of suicide ideation college students.

From 2019 to 2021,1438 college students in a university in Guangdong Province were selected for three longitudinal tracking each October by using the method of convenient sampling. The Self-rating ideas of suicide scale (SIOSS) was used to measure the level of suicide ideation. Data analysis was mainly based on the Latent Growth Mixed Model(LGMM) to analyze the development trajectory of students’ suicide ideation. Multivariate Logistic Regression model was established to analyze the related factors to the variation of each potential category of suicidal ideation.

From 2019 to 2021, the total scores of college students’ suicidal ideation were 3.79±2.87, 3.71±2.90 and 3.32±2.87, showing a decreasing trend over time. The development tendencies of college students’suicide ideation have been classified into 3 categories: C1 group(worsening suicidal ideation group)(11.8%)，C2 group(persistent low suicidal ideation group)(79.6%), and C3 group (relieving suicidal ideation group) (8.6%). Compared with C1 group, college students who had an average (OR=2.52, 95% CI:1.31-4.86) or happy childhood (OR=3.95,95% CI:2.02-7.74), no history of suicide attempt (OR=9.03，95% CI:3.49-23.36), and were extroverted (OR=1.03, 95% CI:1.01-1.05) were more likely to enter C2 group. Students who were from cities (OR=0.54, 95% CI:0.31-0.93),got high neuroticism scores (OR=0.86, 95% CI:0.84-0.88) were less likely to enter the C2 group. College students with happy childhood life(OR=3.29, 95% CI:1.40-7.74)were more likely to enter the C3 group, but students from cities(OR=0.37, 95% CI:0.18-0.78)were less likely to enter the C3 group.

The development tendencies of college students’ suicide ideation can be classified into three categories: worsening suicidal ideation group,persistent low suicidal ideation group, and relieving suicidal ideation group. The developmental trajectory of suicidal ideation is related to birthplace, childhood life, suicide history, and personality traits.

To understand the current situation and influencing factors of the demand for children under three in Chongqing, and to provide a reference for improving the children nursery service system of children under three.

A multi-stage stratified random sampling survey was conducted on the children nursery need of children under three in Chongqing, and the multi-categorical logistic regression was used to comprehensively analyze the influencing factors of children nursery need.

A total of 11 727 families with children under three were surveyed, and the demand for childcare was 53.4%，the age of those who had been enrolled in childcare was mainly at the age of 24-36 months, and the average monthly childcare cost was 2 351.8 yuan, mainly in private childcare institutions. The childcare expectation of families without childcare demand was concentrated in 24-36 months, and the average acceptable monthly childcare cost was 1 607.4 yuan, favoring public childcare institutions. The results of multi-categorical regression analysis showed that parental status (father OR=0.594, 95%CI:0.522-0.676), age (OR=1.012, 95%CI:1.002-1.021), urban and rural (urban OR=1.670, 95%CI:1.490-1.871), education level (university degree or below OR=0.682, 95%CI:0.499-0.931), occupation (government agencies or institutions OR=0.814, 95%CI:0.665-0.996), per capita monthly household income (<4 000 yuan OR=0.857, 95%CI:0.737-0.995), number of families living together (OR=0.915, 95%CI:0.874-0.957), 0-3 years old children (<24 months old OR=0.806, 95%CI:0.714-0.908) were important influencing factors for the childcare needs of children under three.

Chongqing’s childcare needs have not been met, and families should be called upon to optimize the division of responsibilities between parents in childcare. The government should strengthen the training of grandparents in caring skills, improve the ability of family care, increase the supply of inclusive childcare services through multiple channels and reduce the cost of childcare.