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To construct a symptom network for patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in the acute phase, and to explore the core symptom clusters to provide reference for healthcare professionals to carry out individualized and precise symptom management.
From December 2022 to January 2024, 423 hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage patients hospitalized in the neurosurgery departments of three tertiary-level A hospitals in Hebei Province were conveniently selected for the study. General information questionnaire, Chinese version of Memory Symptom Assessment Scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale were used to collect data. Symptom clusters were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, symptom networks were constructed in R language to analyze the centrality indexes, and the symptom clusters that had the greatest impact on patients’ quality of life were clarified through stratified regression to determine the core symptom clusters.
The most common symptoms in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage were pain (83.5 %), worry (80.6%), nausea (75.7%), and the most severe symptom was pain (2.29±0.05), followed by nausea (1.93±0.06) and worry (1.72±0.06). Exploratory factor analysis identified five symptom clusters, namely, sickness symptom cluster, dysfunction symptom cluster, mental-emotional symptom cluster, respiratory symptom cluster, and gastrointestinal symptom cluster, with a cumulative variance contribution of 61.832%. The symptom with the highest expected impact value in the symptom network was pain (rs=1.17). Stratified regression analyses showed that the cluster of sickness symptoms had the greatest impact on quality of life (β=-4.677，95%CI：-5.224 - -4.131，P<0.001), explaining 46.5% of the model.
The symptom cluster is the core symptom cluster in the acute phase of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage patients, based on which healthcare professionals can take appropriate interventions to carry out symptom management and further improve the efficiency of symptom management.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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