To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of depression among the elderly in rural areas of Sichuan Province.

By using the method of multi-stage sampling, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 606 rural elderly persons in Sichuan from July to August, 2022. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of depression.

The average score of depression in the rural elderly was (3.79± 3.21) points, 85 people had depressive symptoms, and the prevalence rate of depressive symptoms was 14.0%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that not seeking medical treatment due to economic difficulties in the past year (OR=10.140, 95%CI: 3.347-30.716), hospitalization in the past year (OR=5.229, 95%CI: 2.789-9.801), self-rated health fair or below( poor self-rated health: OR=20.301, 95%CI: 7.666-53.761; fair self-rated health: OR=5.912, 95%CI: 2.729-12.807) and childless (OR=8.495, 95%CI: 1.747-41.313) were risk factors for depressive symptoms in the rural elderly (P<0.05). Living with a spouse (OR=0.321, 95%CI: 0.116-0.888) and high social support (OR=0.505, 95%CI: 0.260-0.982) were protective factors for depressive symptoms in rural elderly (P<0.05).

The depression situation of the elderly in rural areas of Sichuan Province is worrying, which needs to be paid special attention and early intervention, especially for the rural elderly with economic difficulties, poor health status, no children or living alone.

To investigate the current distribution status and multimorbidity patterns of chronic diseases among the elderly population in China, and provide reference for formulating chronic disease management measures.

Based on the CHARLS database in 2020, a total of 10,635 elderly individuals aged 60 and above were included to investigate the prevalence trends of 15 common chronic diseases. The actual expected ratio (O/E) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis were employed to explore the patterns of comorbidity.

The prevalence of chronic diseases among elderly people in China was 86.39%, with hypertension (48.49%), arthritis (43.12%), and stomach diseases (excluding tumors or cancer) (32.06%) being the main causes. The multimorbidity rate was 66.30%, and the top three coexisting diseases were "hypertension+arthritis" (22.28%, O/E=1.07), "hypertension+dyslipidemia" (20.25%, O/E=1.44), and "stomach disease+arthritis" (18.65%, O/E=1.35). The top three coexisting diseases were "hypertension+arthritis+dyslipidemia" (10.31%, O/E=1.70), "hypertension + dyslipidemia + heart disease" (9.70%, O/E=2.65), and "arthritis + stomach disease + hypertension" (9.49%, O/E=1.42). Agglomeration hierarchical cluster analysis was divided into clusters according to malignant tumors, emotional and mental diseases, " stroke + memory related diseases + Parkinson’s disease", "dyslipidemia + diabetes + hypertension + heart disease", "chronic lung disease + asthma + stomach disease + arthritis + liver disease +kidney disease", forming a multimorbidity model.

The overall prevalence of chronic diseases among elderly people in China is increasing year by year, and there is a clustering trend.

To construct a postpartum depression risk prediction model for multi-ethnic population in Yunnan Province of China, and identify predictive factors.

Women who were 42 days and within 1 year after childbirth were screened, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS≥9) was used for postpartum depression. 52 influencing factors from economics, social psychology, obstetrics, neonatology, spouse and family dynamics and other characteristics were included in the survey. A random forest algorithm was employed to construct a predictive model for postnatal depression risk in the multi-ethnic population of Yunnan Province. The model was evaluated on test sets with accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Area Under Curve, AUC) to assess its performance.

A total of 459 women were analyzed, with a postpartum depression detection rate of 11.55%. Among them, the detection rates for Han, Zhuang and other ethnic minorities were 7.56%, 13.94% and 13.92%, respectively. The top 14 variables in terms of importance scores were: anxiety, history of previous negative emotions, marital relationship, family support level, physical and mental exhaustion in caring for newborns, pregnancy risk classification, mother-infant rooming-in, feeding mode, education level, spouse’s education level, frequency of nighttime newborn care, ethnicity, parity and age. The accuracy was 92.74%, specificity was 95.50%, sensitivity was 69.23%, positive predictive value was 64.29%, negative predictive value was 96.36%, and the AUC value was 0.925, using Han, Zhuang, and other ethnic minorities as validation sets respectively. The model also demonstrated good stability.

The random forest algorithm-based postpartum depression risk prediction model for the multi-ethnic population in Yunnan performed well, which can be utilized to predict risk factors for postpartum depression among women in minority ethnic areas, thereby facilitating targeted intervention measures.

To explore the bidirectional association between metabolic syndrome(MS) and depression in middle-aged and elderly adults in China.

This study used participants aged 45 and above from publicly available longitudinal data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS) from 2011 to 2018. The baseline was based on 2011 data. Stage I studied the longitudinal association of baseline MS with follow-up depression, while Stage II studied the association of baseline depression with follow-up MS. Stage III further investigated the bidirectional association between MS and depression using a cross-lagged panel model, and the follow-up data for all three stages used 2015 data including blood routine examination and physical examinations.

There was a bidirectional association between the two diseases. The baseline MS and its components showed a positive correlation with the follow-up depression(β=0.052, P<0.01), and vice versa(β=0.305, P<0.01), but there were differences in gender subgroups.

There is a bidirectional correlation between MS and its components and depression in the middle-aged and elderly population in China. We should identify, monitor, and intervene in early MS and depression.

To understand the status quo of infectious disease reports automatically exchanged by secondary and above medical institutions in Sichuan province based on regional platform, and provide basis for improving the work on automatic exchange of infectious disease information reports in the next step.

Check and calculate the success rates of exchange and rough exchange through the system, the use of the infectious disease reporting management related systems was investigated by questionnaire survey. T-test and chi-square test were used for comparison between groups, and spearman correlation analysis was used for correlation.

From July to September 2023, the exchange success rate in 68 medical institutions was 92.67%, and the success rate of crude exchange reached 95.87%. Compared with other level medical institutions, municipal medical institutions had higher success rate of exchange and crude exchange, and longer time interval to realize automatic exchange. The exchange success rate was positively correlated with the time interval to realize automatic exchange (r=0.44, P<0.001) and the crude exchange success rate (r=0.51, P<0.001). More than 90% of the institutions had HIS, LIS, PACS. 77.94% of the institutions could automatically generate the report card, more than 80% had the report card management and information statistics query functions. 73.53% realized the automatic early warning of infectious disease report card, and 25% of the institutions reported the card forcibly after the early warning. 88.24% felt that the workload of infectious disease report was reduced after automatic exchange.

The success rate of automatic exchange and the success rate of crude exchange in medical institutions were higher overall, municipal medical institutions were higher than other levels of medical institutions. The construction rate of basic information system in medical institutions was high, but the basic functions of automatic exchange were not perfect. Automatic exchange improves the efficiency of reporting to some extent, but it still could not completely replace manual reporting.

To explore the impact of passive smoking during pregnancy on neurobehavioral developmental abnormalities in 1-year-old children.

1 363 pairs of mothers and children from the Shenzhen birth Cohort study platform were selected as the research objects. Questionnaire was used to investigate the general demography characteristics and passive smoking of pregnant women during pregnancy, and the age and development process questionnaire (ASQ-3/ASQ: SE) was used to assess the neurobehavioral development of children at one year old. Analyze the impact of passive smoking during pregnancy on neurobehavioral developmental abnormalities in 1-year-old children using a logistic regression model.

Passive smoking during pregnancy had varying degrees of harmful effects on the development of 1-year-old children, except for gross movements. Compared with those without passive smoking, pregnant women with severe passive smoking in early pregnancy had an increased risk of delayed development in communication (OR=1.932, 95%CI: 1.023-3.648), fine motor skills (OR=3.388, 95%CI: 1.232-9.317), problem-solving (OR=3.270, 95%CI: 1.317-7.795), and social emotional development (OR=1.792, 95%CI: 1.159-2.772) among their offspring. In mid-pregnancy, pregnant women who smoke passively had an increased risk of delayed development in communication (OR=1.802, 95%CI: 1.068-3.039) and personal social (OR=1.705, 95%CI: 1.080-2.837) among their offspring, while pregnant women who smoke heavily had an increased risk of delayed development in communication (OR=2.864, 95%CI: 1.322-6.240) and social emotional (OR=1.882, 95%CI: 1.081-3.275) among their offspring. In late pregnancy, pregnant women with severe passive smoking had an increased risk of delayed communication (OR=3.415, 95%CI: 1.366-3.158), fine motor skills (OR=3.976 times, 95%CI: 1.838-13.360), and social emotional development (OR=2.231, 95%CI: 1.234-4.032) in their offspring.

Passive smoking in the early, middle, and late stages of pregnancy can have varying degrees of harmful effects on the neurobehavioral development of offspring at one year old. Suggest relevant departments to increase publicity and education efforts, guide the public to reduce indoor smoking and pay attention to maternal health and early neurobehavioral development in children.

To master the information of patients with convulsion epilepsy in phenobarbital in rural epilepsy prevention and management project of Heilongjiang Province, understand the reasons for the withdrawal, analyze the influencing factors, and provide reference for improving the patient retention rate and work quality.

From 2011 to 2020, 3 890 convulsion epilepsy patients received phenobarbital treatment in Heilongjiang Province, of which 807 patients were enrolled. For 807 patients, EpiData, EXCEL and SPSS 19.0 software were used for data entry, processing and statistical analysis of the influencing factors in the withdrawal group, including analysis of variance, univariate analysis, and multivariate survival analysis.

3 890 patients with convulsive epilepsy enrolled in phenobarbital treatment group in rural epilepsy project of Heilongjiang Province, 807 cases dropped out successively, the dropout rate was 20.75%, the primary factors contributing to dropout were relocation, noncompliance with medication, and self-perceived or actual remission. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that female patients (HR=1.278, 95%CI:1.112-1.468) were the risk factors for dropping out, and the probability of dropping out in female patients was 1.278 times that of male patients.

The withdrawal rate of phenobarbital epilepsy treatment in rural areas of Heilongjiang Province is relatively high. In the later management work, the publicity and education of epilepsy prevention and treatment knowledge should be strengthened to provide personalized treatment programs and improve the treatment efficiency, especially for female epilepsy patients.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of injuries deaths among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022 and provide insight in formulating interventions to prevent accidental deaths among children and adolescents.

Analyze the distribution of gender, age groups, and cause of death in injury deaths among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022. χ² test was used to compare the mortality differences between genders, age groups and years. The Joinpoint regression method was used to analyze the trend of child and adolescent mortality. Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) was used to describe trends.

The average mortality of children and adolescents aged 5—19 in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022 was 10.86/100000, with a standardized mortality of 11.01/100000, which accounted for 53.86% of the total deaths among children and adolescents. The mortality of males is 2.00 times higher than that of females (χ²=76.77, P<0.001). During the past 8 years, there was no change in injuries mortality among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province AAPC (95%CI) -4.21% (-11.06%— -2.66%) (P>0.05). The top two causes of death in injuries among children and adolescents are road injuries and drowning, which accounted for 57.87% of the total deaths among children and adolescents. The average annual death rate of road traffic accidents in the general population and men in 2015—2019 was higher than that in 2020-2022 (P<0.05). The average annual death rate from falls in the general population and women was lower in 2015—2019 than in 2020—2022 (P<0.05). The mortality of injuries increased with age groups, with the highest in 15—19 age group (χ²=21.12, P<0.001). The road traffic accident and suicide death rates were the highest in the 15—19 age group (P<0.05).

The main causes of death in injuries among children and adolescents aged 5—19 in Shanxi Province from 2015 to 2022 are road injuries and drowning. The mortality in injuries is higher in male than female. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken based on the characteristics of mortality in injuries among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province.