To comprehensively analyze the occurrence, virulence characteristics, and molecular typing of Listeria monocytogenes (L.monocytogenes) isolated from ready-to-eat (RTE) food in Guangxi. By investigating the genetic attributes, antibiotic resistance and potential health risks of L.monocytogenes, this research contributes to our understanding of this pathogen.

We analyzed 158 isolates of L. monocytogenes from RTE foods collected in Guangxi between 2011 and 2020. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on all isolates and antimicrobial resistance were determined by broth microdilution.The study included the determination of sequence types (STs), serotype, serogroup, lineage, clonal complexes (CC), acquired resistance genes and the presence of L. monocytogenes pathogenicity islands (LIPIs).

Ready-to-eat meats had the highest detection rate of L.monocytogenes among RTE foods in Guangxi. The predominant serotypes were 1/2a, 3a.ST8/CC8 and ST87/CC87 were the dominant sequence types (STs) in RTE foods.All isolates were found to be susceptible to ampicillin(AMP), penicillin(PEN), tetracycline(TET), meropenem(MEM), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(SXT). Four isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Two isolates wereresistant to erythromycin and vancomycin respectively. Acquired antimicrobial phenotypes were tet (M), msr (D) and mef (A) of an isolate resistant to erythromycin. Most of the isolates carried actA (79.74%), inlF (48.73%), inlK (55.69%)and all isolates carried other virulence genes.46.20%(73/158)of the isolatesharboured 12 virulence genes.It can be a potential public health risk due to its high harboring rate of 17 or 18 virulence genes.

Ready-to-eat meats had the highest detection rate of L.monocytogenes among RTE foods in Guangxi.Acquired resistance genes and hypervirulence genes existed in this bacterium from RTE foods origins, and can be a major risk for consumers and public health.It was suggested that effective food safety measures should be implemented in RTE foods processing and service environments.

To analyze the characteristics of epidemiological and pathogenetic trends of HFMD in Guiyang city, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of HFMD.

HFMD cases and pathogenetic surveillance data reported in Guiyang City from 2008 to 2022 were collected through the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System (CDCIS), and a Joinpoint regression model was used to compare the trends and characteristics of HFMD and its pathogenetic changes in populations with different characteristics.

From 2008 to 2022, 124 288 cases of HFMD were reported in Guiyang, with an average annual incidence rate of 187.54/100 000. From 2008 to 2010, the annual incidence rate of HFMD showed a rapid upward trend (APC=144.59%, P=0.002). Slow decline from 2010 to 2022 (APC= -13.07%, P<0.001). Among them, the male incidence rate showed an upward trend from 2008 to 2010 (APC=137.14%, P=0.003), and a downward trend from 2010 to 2022 (APC= -13.54%, P<0.001). The female incidence rate increased rapidly from 2008 to 2010 (APC=157.49%, P=0.001), and showed a downward trend from 2010 to 2022 (APC= -12.41%, P<0.001). Compared with men, women showed a fast rise, slow decline characteristic. Meanwhile, the pathogen analysis results showed that EV71 showed a downward trend, Cox A16 showed a first decrease and then increase trend, and other enterovirus showed an upward trend.

The incidence rate of HFMD in Guiyang is still high, and the trend of annual female incidence rate should be noted. The dominant pathogenic strain of HFMD has changed from EV71 to other EVs. It is suggested that the immunization strategy of HFMD should be adjusted appropriately and pertinently.

To identify the trajectories of sleep duration among adults in China, and explore the associatedinfluencingfactors.

Data was derived from 2010-2020 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Self-reported measures of night sleep duration were used. People aged ≥18 years were included. LCGM and polynomial Logistic regression model were used.

A total of 10 113 adults were included. Four similar trajectory groups of sleep duration were identified among Chinese adults: severely insufficient sleepduration group (3.12%), insufficient sleepduration group (27.63%), moderate sleepduration group (63.41%) and excessive sleepduration group (5.84%). Polynomial logistic regression showed that, using moderate sleep duration group as the reference, individuals who were older (OR=7.29, 95% CI: 2.23-23.83), lived in urban areas (OR=2.45, 95% CI: 1.89-3.17), had higher levels of depressive symptoms (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.09-1.15), and people who drank alcohol (OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.10-2.32) were more likely to be classified into severely insufficient sleep duration group. Males (OR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.35-0.67), living in western regions (OR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.29-0.61) were less likely to be classified into severely insufficient sleep duration group. Older adults (OR=2.38, 95% CI: 2.01-2.83), those with middle school education (OR=1.16, 95% CI: 1.03-1.30), high school education (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.40), college education and above (OR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.01-1.50), living in urban areas (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.21-1.48), having more depressive symptoms (OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04), adults drinking alcohol (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.37), and using Internet (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.07-1.34) were more likely to be classified into insufficient sleep duration group. Those with higher economic status (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.70-1.00), living in western regions (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.45-0.58), self-reported fair health (OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.98) and good health (OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.71-0.97), rated life satisfaction as fair (OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.57-0.94) and satisfied (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.60-0.97) were less likely to be in insufficient sleep duration group. Living in the western regions (OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.44-2.27) were more likely to be classified into excessive sleepduration group, while those aged 30-44 years (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.48-0.84), 45-59 years (OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.55-0.99), having middle school education (OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.61-0.94), college education and above (OR=0.25, 95% CI: 0.14-0.46), living in urban areas (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.60-0.88) were less likely to classified into excessive sleepduration group.

Four groups of sleep duration trajectories among Chinese adults were identified. Sociodemographic factors, socioeconomic status, physical & mental health, health behavior, and life satisfaction were closely related to the trajectories of sleep duration among Chinese adults.

To study the effects of green space exposure combined with outdoor exercise duration on negative emotions (depression, anxiety and stress) among primary and secondary school students in Jiangsu Province.

A total of 19 903 primary and secondary school students in Jiangsus Province who met the criteria were randomly selected for inclusion in this study. Through the questionnaire survey, the demographic data of the research subjects and the information of negative emotions were collected. The annual average value of the Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the school environment of the study subjects was used as the spatial measurement of green space. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between green space exposure and outdoor exercise duration and negative emotions.

The detection rates of depression, anxiety and stress were 13.2% (2 631), 21.9% (4 367) and 9.7% (1 927) of the 19 903 participants, respectively. The range of NDVI is (0.19, 0.52); The correlation between green space exposure and outdoor exercise duration, individually or in combination, and the detection rate of negative emotions was generally similar in both regional and gender subgroups.

Expanding the exposure of green space and increasing the time of outdoor exercise can help alleviate the negative emotions of primary and secondary school students, and the research on green space exposure can provide effective measures for school health and psychological services.

To observe the effects of breastfeeding on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in infants and how they affect the occurrence of infant allergies.

A nested case-control study was conducted in an existing mother-infant cohort. A total of 48 infants were selected as study subjects and divided into a healthy/allergic mixed feeding group and a breastfeeding group. Fecal samples were collected at 15 days, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months. The contents of three SCFAs in the samples were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the bifidobacteria in infant feces were quantitatively analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.

Feeding patterns mainly affected bifidobacteria at 15 days and 1 month. The bifidobacteria level in healthy mixed-fed infants was significantly higher than that in allergic mixed-fed infants at 15 days (7.75±0.60 CFU/g vs 6.28±0.28 CFU/g, t=2.232, P=0.047). At 1 month, the bifidobacteria level in healthy mixed-fed infants was higher than that in healthy breastfed infants (8.01±0.50 CFU/g vs 6.62±0.13 CFU/g, t=2.712, P=0.027). There were differences in the main SCFAs between healthy and allergic infants with different feeding patterns. On day 15, the acetic acid content in the healthy breastfeeding group was significantly higher than that in the allergic breastfeeding group and the healthy mixed feeding group (1 035.10 μg/g vs 285.55±90.64 μg/g, t=3.698, P=0.034; 1 035.10 μg/g vs 406.11±63.19 μg/g, t=3.148, P=0.014), and the propionic acid content in the healthy mixed feeding group was higher than that in the allergic mixed feeding group (128.00±32.24 μg/g vs 12.61±3.90 μg/g, t=3.553, P=0.007). At 6 and 12 months, the propionic acid content in the healthy mixed feeding group was lower than that in the allergic mixed feeding group. There were varying degrees of correlation between SCFAs and bifidobacteria in the intestines of healthy and allergic infants with different feeding patterns. In the healthy group, a simple and stable relationship between bifidobacteria and SCFAs was observed in mixed-fed infants, while in the allergic group, the relationship between SCFAs and bifidobacteria was complex and had no obvious pattern.

Feeding patterns affect the occurrence of infant allergies by influencing intestinal flora and SCFAs in infants. Mixed-fed infants are more prone to allergies, while breastfeeding has a significant protective effect on the intestines of allergic infants.

To investigate the causal association between sarcopenia and hypertension and the mediating role of sedentary behavior using Mendelian randomization.

The summary statistical data of sarcopenia-related indicators,sedentary behavior (television watching,computer use and driving) and hypertension were extracted from IEU Open GWAS database website.Univariate Mendelian randomization was used to explore the association between the indicators of sarcopenia and hypertension, and two-step Mendelian randomization was used to investigate whether sedentary behaviors (television watching, computer use and driving) mediated the causal association.

Univariate Mendelian randomization revealed that all four indicators of sarcopenia were negatively associated with hypertension, including appendicular lean mass (OR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.88-0.96), left grip strength (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.66-0.92), right grip strength (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.66-0.91) and walking pace (OR=0.20, 95% CI: 0.14-0.30). Furthermore, two-step Mendelian randomization showed that television watching partially mediated the causal association between left grip strength (22.92%) and right grip strength (23.62%) and hypertension, respectively.

All four indicators of sarcopenia had negative causal associations with hypertension and that television watching mediated part of the causal association between left and right grip strength and hypertension.

To establish a nomogram predictive model for occupational blood exposures of medical staff and validate the model.

From July to December 2023, 20% of the medical staff of each sample hospital were selected for the study using multi-stage whole group probability sampling method and divided into training and validation groups in a 7:3 ratio. LASSO-Logistic regression was used to screen independent risk factors. R language was used to establish a nomogram model and verify it.

A total of 2 251 medical staff were included. There was no significant difference in general data between the two groups (P>0.05). LASSO-Logistic regression analysis showed that post (doctor: OR=3.024, 95% CI: 1.313-6.963; nurses: OR=3.837, 95% CI: 1.739-8.467), professional title (intermediate: OR=1.926, 95% CI: 1.444-2.569); advanced: OR=1.684, 95% CI: 1.052-2.697), education level (undergraduate: OR=2.076, 95% CI: 1.445-2.983); master’s degree or above: OR= 1.767, 95% CI: 1.073-2.910), psychological quality (general: OR=0.658, 95% CI: 0.443-0.987; good: OR=0.568, 95% CI: 0.368-0.879), stress level (moderate: OR=1.348, 95% CI: 1.061-1.713; severe: OR=2.109, 95% CI: 1.457-3.055), protective awareness (general: OR=0.515, 95% CI: 0.332-0.799; good: OR=0.297, 95% CI: 0.186-0.474), protective behavior (sometimes: OR=0.589, 95% CI: 0.363-0.955; always: OR=0.424, 95% CI: 0.261-0.689) was an independent influencing factor of blood-borne occupational exposure. The results of ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of the training group was 0.821 (95% CI: 0.667-0.831), and the validation group was 0.716 (95% CI: 0.618-0.715). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that the calibration of the model was good (P=0.568, 0.956). The calibration curve showed that the prediction curve was basically fitted with the standard curve, and the model prediction accuracy was high. The results of the decision curve showed that the model had the best applicability when the risk threshold was about 0.1-0.8.

The nomogram model can accurately identify high-risk groups of occupational blood exposures and provide a basis for personalized risk prevention and control.

To comprehensively assess the disease severity in patients with Wilson’s disease (WD) who had been previously diagnosed and treated with copper removal by Unified Wilson’s Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS) and analyze its influencing factors, in order to provide a reference for patient management and improvement of patients’ health.

Wilson’s disease patients who were admitted to West China Fourth Hospital of Sichuan University from July 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the study subjects, and all patients have been diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria. The survey was conducted using self-designed structured questionnaires and UWDRS scales. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the disease severity and influencing factors of patients with WD who had been previously diagnosed and treated with copper removal.

A total of 103 patients with eligible and complete data were included. The total UWDRS score of patients with WD who underwent copper repulsion therapy was 27.0 (11.5, 60.5), neurological symptom score of 21.0 (4.5, 48.5), hepatic symptom score of 3.0 (1.0, 4.0), and psychiatric symptom score of 5.0 (2.0, 8.0). More than 50% of patients still have symptoms or signs of rapid alternating movements of hand, finger tapping, salivation, gait abnormalities, speech impairment (dysarthria), impaired handwriting, and other bleeding or hematoma. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level, classification of first-time diagnosed disease, low-copper diet, social support and medication adherence were the influencing factors of UWDRS total score (P<0.05). The higher the patient’s level of education, medication adherence, and social support are, the lower the UWDRS score is. Patients with hepatic type had lower scores than those with cerebral type, and those who tried to adhere to a low-copper diet had lower scores than those who adhered to a low-copper diet all the time.

More than 50% of the previously diagnosed patients with WD who have been treated with copper removal still have different degrees of neurological symptoms, and the treatment of neurological symptoms needs to be further improved. Education level, classification of first-time diagnosed disease, low-copper diet, social support, and medication adherence were the influencing factors of disease severity in patients with WD.

To analyze the burden of diabetes attributable to different risk categories and the trend of diabetes in China from 1990 to 2021, providing references for scientific prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Based on the global burden of disease data in 2021, we used Joinpoint regression to analyze the trends of diabetes deaths, disability adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) attributable to metabolic, behavioral, and environmental/occupational risks in China.

In 2021, the number of diabetes deaths attributable to metabolic, behavioral, and environmental/occupational risks in China increased to 178 400, 73 000, 45 900, and the ASMR decreased by 8.65%, 2.41%, and 8.37%, compared to 1990. The number of diabetes DALYs attributable to different risk categories were metabolic, behavioral, and environmental/occupational risks in descending order, and the rate of DALYs and ASDR showed an increasing trend.

The task of reducing the burden of diabetes disease in China remains daunting, and to intensify behavioral risks interventions for men and young people with diabetes.

To analyze the nutritional intake and growth of infants and young children in the monitoring area of nutrition improvement project in Heilongjiang Province,in order to provide data support for the continuous and scientific promotion of children nutrition improvement project.

Infants and young children aged 6-23 months in 7 project monitoring counties in Heilongjiang Province were selected as the research objects, to monitor the incidence of malnutrition, overweight and obesity, anemia in infants and young children from 2019 to 2023, and to detect their length, weight and hemoglobin value, and analyze the nutrition and growth status of infants and young children.

A total of 10503 infants and young children aged 6-23 months were investigated in 7 monitoring counties from 2019 to 2023. Body weight andmean hemoglobin increased from 10.33 kg and 115 g/L in 2019 to 10.40 kg and 118 g/L in 2023, while body lengthdetection rates of malnutrition and anemia decreased from 8.2% and 29.4% in 2019 to 3.2% and 16.3% in 2023, while the detection rates of overweight and obesity increased from 6.9% in 2019 to 7.5% in 2023, decreasing by 60.98%, 44.56% and -8.70% respectively. Except for the detection rates of malnutrition and overweight obesity at 6-11 months and anemia at 18-23 months, there were significant differences in the detection rates of malnutrition, overweight obesity and anemia in infants of different months from 2019 to 2023(P<0.05).

Through the implementation of the nutrition improvement project for infants and young children aged 6-23 months, the nutritional intake and growth status of infants and young children in the monitoring areas of Heilongjiang Province have been significantly improved, and the project should be further promoted to benefit more infants and young children.