To analyze the burden of diabetes attributable to different risk categories and the trend of diabetes in China from 1990 to 2021, providing references for scientific prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Based on the global burden of disease data in 2021, we used Joinpoint regression to analyze the trends of diabetes deaths, disability adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) attributable to metabolic, behavioral, and environmental/occupational risks in China.

In 2021, the number of diabetes deaths attributable to metabolic, behavioral, and environmental/occupational risks in China increased to 178 400, 73 000, 45 900, and the ASMR decreased by 8.65%, 2.41%, and 8.37%, compared to 1990. The number of diabetes DALYs attributable to different risk categories were metabolic, behavioral, and environmental/occupational risks in descending order, and the rate of DALYs and ASDR showed an increasing trend.

The task of reducing the burden of diabetes disease in China remains daunting, and to intensify behavioral risks interventions for men and young people with diabetes.

To analyze whether there is a potential causal association between inflammatory cytokines and various tendinopathies, including Achilles tendonitis, bicipital tendinitis, calcific tendinitis of the shoulder, gluteal tendinitis, and patellar tendinitis.

In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms from the data of a large-scale genome-wide association study were selected as instrumental variables, and bidirectional Mendelian randomization as well as multivariate Mendelian randomization, were used to investigate the causal effects of inflammatory cytokines and the risk of developing Achilles tendonitis, Bicipital tendinitis, Calcific tendinitis of shoulder, Gluteal tendinitis and Patellar tendinitis.

In forward Mendelian analyses, monocyte chemotactic protein-3（OR=0.896,95% CI:0.806-0.995） and vascular endothelial growth factor（OR=0.917,95% CI:0.845-0.995） were potential protective factors for Achilles tendonitis, and monokine induced by interferon-γ（OR=1.158,95% CI:1.029-1.302） was a potential risk factor for Achilles tendonitis. Monocyte chemotactic protein-3（OR=1.214,95% CI:1.034-1.426）was a potential risk factor for Bicipital tendinitis, while hepatocyte growth factor （OR=0.661,95% CI:0.489-0.893） as a potential protective factor for Bicipital tendinitis. Hepatocyte growth factor （OR=0.730,95% CI:0.557-0.957）was a potential protective factor for Calcific tendinitis of shoulder. Interleukin-13 （OR=0.828,95% CI:0.714-0.960） was a potential protective factor for Gluteal tendinitis. Interleukin-8 （OR=0.649,95% CI:0.444-0.949） as a Patellar tendinitis potential protective factor and tumor necrosis factor-α （OR=1.707,95% CI:1.085-2.685）was a potential risk factor for Patellar tendinitis. In multivariate Mendelian analysis, hepatocyte growth factor（OR=0.687,95% CI:0.511-0.924） remained a protective factor for Bicipital tendinitis. Sensitivity analyses showed that the main analyses were robust without outliers, with no significant outliers, heterogeneity, or horizontal pleiotropy.

The study suggests a potential causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and the five tendon diseases investigated.

To understand the molecular epidemiological characteristics of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella clinical isolates in Guizhou Province and clarify the carrying of β-lactamase resistance genes to provide a reference basis for the prevention and treatment of MDR Salmonella in Guizhou province.

A total of 70 MDR Salmonella were used for the study, antibiotic susceptibility analyses of Salmonella were carried out using the micro broth dilution method, molecular epidemiological analyses were carried out using the method of multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to detect the β-lactamase resistance genes in the MDR Salmonella strains.

The 70 MDR Salmonella strains in Guizhou province were predominantly resistant to antibiotics of 4-5 classes at the same time, accounting for 64.3% of the total, even 4.3% of the strains showed extensive drug-resistance. The 70 MDR Salmonella strains contained 15 sequence types, belonging to 13 eBurst groups, with ST34, ST11, and ST19 being the most common ST types. The most ST type in Tongren City, and unique ST type appeared in some cities, with different dominant ST type with different resistance profiles. The detection of β-lactamase gene showed that 80.0% of the strains carried at least one of β-lactam-resistant genes, with the most common one being bla_TEM (78.6%). The bla_CTX-M gene was detected in 2.9% strains, and the resistant genes subtypes were bla_CTX-M-55 and bla_CTX-M-64. The bla_SHV, bla_OXA-2, and bla_PER genes were not detected.

The MDR Salmonella ST34, ST11 and ST19 as common sequence types in Guizhou province, and there was a certain degree of homology among MDR Salmonella in different regions, and that these strains may have been transmitted in different regions. The β-lactam antibiotics was mainly mediated by bla_TEM.

To analyze the nutritional intake and growth of infants and young children in the monitoring area of nutrition improvement project in Heilongjiang Province,in order to provide data support for the continuous and scientific promotion of children nutrition improvement project.

Infants and young children aged 6-23 months in 7 project monitoring counties in Heilongjiang Province were selected as the research objects, to monitor the incidence of malnutrition, overweight and obesity, anemia in infants and young children from 2019 to 2023, and to detect their length, weight and hemoglobin value, and analyze the nutrition and growth status of infants and young children.

A total of 10503 infants and young children aged 6-23 months were investigated in 7 monitoring counties from 2019 to 2023. Body weight andmean hemoglobin increased from 10.33 kg and 115 g/L in 2019 to 10.40 kg and 118 g/L in 2023, while body lengthdetection rates of malnutrition and anemia decreased from 8.2% and 29.4% in 2019 to 3.2% and 16.3% in 2023, while the detection rates of overweight and obesity increased from 6.9% in 2019 to 7.5% in 2023, decreasing by 60.98%, 44.56% and -8.70% respectively. Except for the detection rates of malnutrition and overweight obesity at 6-11 months and anemia at 18-23 months, there were significant differences in the detection rates of malnutrition, overweight obesity and anemia in infants of different months from 2019 to 2023(P<0.05).

Through the implementation of the nutrition improvement project for infants and young children aged 6-23 months, the nutritional intake and growth status of infants and young children in the monitoring areas of Heilongjiang Province have been significantly improved, and the project should be further promoted to benefit more infants and young children.

To analyze the characteristics of epidemiological and pathogenetic trends of HFMD in Guiyang city, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of HFMD.

HFMD cases and pathogenetic surveillance data reported in Guiyang City from 2008 to 2022 were collected through the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System (CDCIS), and a Joinpoint regression model was used to compare the trends and characteristics of HFMD and its pathogenetic changes in populations with different characteristics.

From 2008 to 2022, 124 288 cases of HFMD were reported in Guiyang, with an average annual incidence rate of 187.54/100 000. From 2008 to 2010, the annual incidence rate of HFMD showed a rapid upward trend (APC=144.59%, P=0.002). Slow decline from 2010 to 2022 (APC= -13.07%, P<0.001). Among them, the male incidence rate showed an upward trend from 2008 to 2010 (APC=137.14%, P=0.003), and a downward trend from 2010 to 2022 (APC= -13.54%, P<0.001). The female incidence rate increased rapidly from 2008 to 2010 (APC=157.49%, P=0.001), and showed a downward trend from 2010 to 2022 (APC= -12.41%, P<0.001). Compared with men, women showed a fast rise, slow decline characteristic. Meanwhile, the pathogen analysis results showed that EV71 showed a downward trend, Cox A16 showed a first decrease and then increase trend, and other enterovirus showed an upward trend.

The incidence rate of HFMD in Guiyang is still high, and the trend of annual female incidence rate should be noted. The dominant pathogenic strain of HFMD has changed from EV71 to other EVs. It is suggested that the immunization strategy of HFMD should be adjusted appropriately and pertinently.

To comprehensively analyze the occurrence, virulence characteristics, and molecular typing of Listeria monocytogenes (L.monocytogenes) isolated from ready-to-eat (RTE) food in Guangxi. By investigating the genetic attributes, antibiotic resistance and potential health risks of L.monocytogenes, this research contributes to our understanding of this pathogen.

We analyzed 158 isolates of L. monocytogenes from RTE foods collected in Guangxi between 2011 and 2020. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on all isolates and antimicrobial resistance were determined by broth microdilution.The study included the determination of sequence types (STs), serotype, serogroup, lineage, clonal complexes (CC), acquired resistance genes and the presence of L. monocytogenes pathogenicity islands (LIPIs).

Ready-to-eat meats had the highest detection rate of L.monocytogenes among RTE foods in Guangxi. The predominant serotypes were 1/2a, 3a.ST8/CC8 and ST87/CC87 were the dominant sequence types (STs) in RTE foods.All isolates were found to be susceptible to ampicillin(AMP), penicillin(PEN), tetracycline(TET), meropenem(MEM), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(SXT). Four isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Two isolates wereresistant to erythromycin and vancomycin respectively. Acquired antimicrobial phenotypes were tet (M), msr (D) and mef (A) of an isolate resistant to erythromycin. Most of the isolates carried actA (79.74%), inlF (48.73%), inlK (55.69%)and all isolates carried other virulence genes.46.20%(73/158)of the isolatesharboured 12 virulence genes.It can be a potential public health risk due to its high harboring rate of 17 or 18 virulence genes.

Ready-to-eat meats had the highest detection rate of L.monocytogenes among RTE foods in Guangxi.Acquired resistance genes and hypervirulence genes existed in this bacterium from RTE foods origins, and can be a major risk for consumers and public health.It was suggested that effective food safety measures should be implemented in RTE foods processing and service environments.

To comprehensively assess the disease severity in patients with Wilson’s disease (WD) who had been previously diagnosed and treated with copper removal by Unified Wilson’s Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS) and analyze its influencing factors, in order to provide a reference for patient management and improvement of patients’ health.

Wilson’s disease patients who were admitted to West China Fourth Hospital of Sichuan University from July 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the study subjects, and all patients have been diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria. The survey was conducted using self-designed structured questionnaires and UWDRS scales. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the disease severity and influencing factors of patients with WD who had been previously diagnosed and treated with copper removal.

A total of 103 patients with eligible and complete data were included. The total UWDRS score of patients with WD who underwent copper repulsion therapy was 27.0 (11.5, 60.5), neurological symptom score of 21.0 (4.5, 48.5), hepatic symptom score of 3.0 (1.0, 4.0), and psychiatric symptom score of 5.0 (2.0, 8.0). More than 50% of patients still have symptoms or signs of rapid alternating movements of hand, finger tapping, salivation, gait abnormalities, speech impairment (dysarthria), impaired handwriting, and other bleeding or hematoma. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level, classification of first-time diagnosed disease, low-copper diet, social support and medication adherence were the influencing factors of UWDRS total score (P<0.05). The higher the patient’s level of education, medication adherence, and social support are, the lower the UWDRS score is. Patients with hepatic type had lower scores than those with cerebral type, and those who tried to adhere to a low-copper diet had lower scores than those who adhered to a low-copper diet all the time.

More than 50% of the previously diagnosed patients with WD who have been treated with copper removal still have different degrees of neurological symptoms, and the treatment of neurological symptoms needs to be further improved. Education level, classification of first-time diagnosed disease, low-copper diet, social support, and medication adherence were the influencing factors of disease severity in patients with WD.

To investigate the daily dietary nutrient intake and energy expenditure of university students in Sichuan, in order to understand the levels of dietary nutrient intake and physical activity among college students. To evaluate the adequacy of the students’ nutritional requirements by analyzing the intake and energy contribution of the three major macronutrients, as well as the daily energy expenditure and its composition from physical activities.

A convenient sample of 200 college students in a university of Sichuan were included in the study. Body mass index (BMI) and body fat ratio (BFR) were measured using a body composition analyzer. A three-day 24-hour dietary recall method was used to investigate dietary intake, while the Bouchard Physical Activity Diary and triaxial accelerometer AntiGraph wGT3X-BT were used to investigate subjects’ physical activity and energy expenditure.

The median daily energy intake was 2 237 kcal/d for male students and 1 620 kcal/d for female students. The median daily macronutrient intakes for males were: protein 81 g/d, fat 72 g/d, and carbohydrate 295 g/d,and for females: protein 65 g/d, fat 58 g/d, and carbohydrate 210 g/d. The macronutrient energy ratios were 53∶15∶32 for both genders. The median daily energy expenditure was 473 kcal/d for males and 309 kcal/d for females.

Male college students’ daily energy intake and expenditure are significantly higher than females. College students generally show issues of relatively insufficient energy intake, high fat intake, relatively low carbohydrate intake, and insufficient moderate to high-intensity exercise. College students generally lack moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Students should be encouraged to actively participate in physical activities to promote balanced diets and a healthy lifestyle.

To explore strategies to address the gap and uneven distribution of general practitioner(GP) resources from a provincial perspective, aiming to meet the growing medical needs of the people and advance the reform of the medical and health system.

Based on the provincial GP data from 2013-2022, Kernel density estimation was used to reveal the dynamic evolution of GP resources, while the spatial autocorrelation method was applied to explore their spatial correlation characteristics. Additionally, a spatial econometric model was used to investigate the direct impacts and spillover effects of the factors influencing general practitioner resources.

There is a positive autocorrelation in China’s general practitioner resources. Among the direct effects, urbanization rate and population density have a positive impact on general practitioner resources, while the elderly dependency ratio has a negative impact. In terms of indirect effects, urbanization rate, population density, the proportion of medical and health expenditure in fiscal expenditure, and the number of medical and health institutions all have a negative impact on general practitioner resources.

General practitioner resources in China are not randomly distributed spatially, and the spillover effects of influencing factors in adjacent areas can also impact general practitioner resources. It is recommended to focus on collaboration of medical resources and coordination of medical policies among different regions, promoting cross-regional communication and sharing of general practitioners.

To analyze the data of public consultation events and corresponding online public opinion on disease prevention and control in Chengdu from 2017 to 2023, so as to provide reference for understanding the public’s demand for public health information and reducing the occurrence of adverse public opinion in disease prevention and control and response to emergency public health events.

Collect information on public consultation events related to Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2017 to 2023, and use Baidu search tool “Baidu Index” to collect public opinion monitoring data during the same period. Statistical analysis was conducted on the distribution of public consultation events and their correlation with the Baidu Index of corresponding keywords using methods such as statistical description, chi square test, and linear correlation.

From 2017 to 2023, a total of 7 253 public consultation incidents were received, with the highest number in 2022 (4 915); 12345 hotline platform calls are the main source, accounting for 58.78% (4 263 cases); The main types of consultations from 2017 to 2019 were vaccination issues; From 2020 to 2023, the consultation related to COVID-19 will account for 90.41% (5 952/6 583), and the questions related to the prevention and control of COVID-19 (χ²=1 092.147, P<0.001) and COVID-19 nucleic acid detection (χ²=45.083, P<0.001) in 2022 have increased respectively compared to 2020-2021; In 2023, the proportion of non-COVID-19 related vaccination issues and disease prevention and control issues will decrease (χ²=459.109, P<0.001) and increase (χ²=13.999, P<0.001) respectively compared with that before COVID-19; Linear correlation analysis showed that the number of questions related to vaccination between the “vaccination” search index (r=0.864, P=0.027), the number of questions related to COVID-19 prevention and control between the “COVID-19” search index (r=0.794, P=0.033) and information index (r=0.872, P=0.010), the number of questions related to COVID-19 vaccination between the “COVID-19 vaccine” search index (r=0.840, P=0.018) and information index (r=0.835, P=0.019), and the number of questions related to COVID-19 nucleic acid detection between the “nucleic acid detection” information index (r=0.972, P<0.001) were positively correlated respectively.

Using public health professional knowledge to answer questions for the public is a targeted form of health education. In daily work, we should pay more attention to public opinion monitoring, understand public needs through multiple channels, strengthen public opinion guidance and risk prediction, continue to carry out publicity and education, and improve public health literacy; When an emergency public health event occurs, it is necessary to promptly disclose the epidemic situation, strengthen prevention and control propaganda and guidance, inform the public of response methods, and continuously optimize prevention and control measures to provide support for disease prevention and control and response to emergency public health events.