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To analyze the characteristics of epidemiological and pathogenetic trends of HFMD in Guiyang city, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of HFMD.
HFMD cases and pathogenetic surveillance data reported in Guiyang City from 2008 to 2022 were collected through the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System (CDCIS), and a Joinpoint regression model was used to compare the trends and characteristics of HFMD and its pathogenetic changes in populations with different characteristics.
From 2008 to 2022, 124 288 cases of HFMD were reported in Guiyang, with an average annual incidence rate of 187.54/100 000. From 2008 to 2010, the annual incidence rate of HFMD showed a rapid upward trend (APC=144.59%, P=0.002). Slow decline from 2010 to 2022 (APC= -13.07%, P<0.001). Among them, the male incidence rate showed an upward trend from 2008 to 2010 (APC=137.14%, P=0.003), and a downward trend from 2010 to 2022 (APC= -13.54%, P<0.001). The female incidence rate increased rapidly from 2008 to 2010 (APC=157.49%, P=0.001), and showed a downward trend from 2010 to 2022 (APC= -12.41%, P<0.001). Compared with men, women showed a fast rise, slow decline characteristic. Meanwhile, the pathogen analysis results showed that EV71 showed a downward trend, Cox A16 showed a first decrease and then increase trend, and other enterovirus showed an upward trend.
The incidence rate of HFMD in Guiyang is still high, and the trend of annual female incidence rate should be noted. The dominant pathogenic strain of HFMD has changed from EV71 to other EVs. It is suggested that the immunization strategy of HFMD should be adjusted appropriately and pertinently.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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