To develop a questionnaire of menstrual health literacy for adolescent women and evaluate its reliability and validity to provide a scientific basis for evaluating the level of adolescent menstrual health literacy.

The initial questionnaire was compiled by combining literature search, semi-structured interview and Delphi expert consultation, and the test questionnaire was formed after revising items through item analysis and exploratory factor analysis.1545 middle and high school students were selected by convenient sampling method to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.

The adolescent health literacy questionnaire consisted of 4 primary indicators, 15 secondary indicators, 41 tertiary indicators and 60 measurement questions. Cronbach’s α coefficient of the total questionnaire was 0.890, and the broken half reliability was 0.853, indicating good reliability of the questionnaire.Most of the three indexes of the questionnaire were more than 85% suitable for inclusion, and 95% of the measurement questions had I-CVI value >0.80, indicating good content validity.The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the validity of the questionnaire structure was basically acceptable.The questionnaire response validity was measured based on the hypothesis that people with higher knowledge satisfaction and healthier lifestyle had higher questionnaire scores, and the results showed that the questionnaire response validity was good.

The adolescent menstrual health literacy questionnaire developed in this study has good reliability and validity, and can be used to evaluate the level of adolescent female menstrual health literacy.

To investigate the association between the expression of mucin-5B(MUC5B) gene and its locus polymorphisms rs2075853, rs4963053, and rs2014486 with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis(CWP).

The study analyzed age and years of service from 506 subjects (comprising 143 healthy individuals, 132 dust-exposed workers, 121 stage I CWP patients, and 110 stage II CWP patients) collected at the Guiyang City Public Health and Medical Center from February 2020 to October 2023. Gene expression levels were assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction（qRT-PCR）. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were plotted, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the predictive value of MUC5B for CWP. Genotyping of MUC5B rs2075853, rs4963059, and rs2014486 was performed using a MassARRAY Analyzer, and the association between the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotypes’ distribution frequency and the risk of CWP was analyzed.

Significant statistical differences were observed among the groups in terms of age (H=242.198, P<0.001), years of service (H=315.822, P<0.001). Expression levels of MUC5B were significantly reduced in stage I and II CWP patients compared to the healthy and dust-exposed groups (H=34.491, P<0.001). ROC curve analysis indicated that MUC5B could serve as an auxiliary diagnostic marker for CWP (AUC=0.755, 95% CI: 0.682-0.828, P<0.001). Furthermore, haplotype analysis revealed that the CG haplotype constructed from rs4963059 and rs2014486 was more frequent in CWP patients, showing a significant association (odds ratio OR=1.719, 95% CI: 1.074-2.751, χ²=5.201, P<0.05), suggesting that the CG haplotype constructed by rs4963059 and rs2014486 loci was associated with an increased risk of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis.

The CG haplotype constructed by MUC5B gene rs4963059 and rs2014486 is closely related to the risk of developing coal workers’ pneumoconiosis.

To analyze the influencing factors of the first visit of elderly people at the grassroots level in China, and further implementing graded diagnosis and treatment policies.

Based on the 2020 CLASS data, 4 444 elderly people were included, and a chi square test was used to analyze the influencing factors of their primary diagnosis behavior. A random forest model was used to rank the importance of variables with significant impact.

The elderly who living in the eastern region (OR=1.791,95% CI:1.421-2.256) and the central region (OR=1.438,95% CI:1.121-1.846), having a general self-evaluation (OR=1.869,95% CI:1.501-2.327) and self-assessment health (OR=2.342,95% CI:1.869-2.936), having two kinds of chronic diseases (OR=1.379,95% CI:1.174-1.621) and more than two kinds of chronic diseases (OR=2.648,95% CI:2.236-3.137), using health intelligent devices (OR=1.192,95% CI:1.032-1.377), using basic health services(OR=1.756,95% CI:1.527-2.020), college degree or above (OR=1.480,95% CI:1.088-2.012), and Internet access (OR=1.184,95% CI:1.015-1.381) are more willing to go to the grass-roots level for first diagnosis.

The first visit rate of elderly people at the grassroots level still needs to be improved. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity effect of grassroots first visit, improve the utilization rate of grassroots health services, encourage elderly people to use health intelligent devices, increase the construction of grassroots medical and health institutions in western regions, and correctly guide elderly people to form good medical habits.

To understand the epidemiological characteristics of student TB patients in the province and analyze their spatial aggregation, 2018-2023, and to further optimize the TB prevention and control measures in schools in the province, as well as to provide scientific reference bases for the relevant departments to formulate practical and effective TB prevention and control policies in schools.

From the “Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System”, the case data of tuberculosis patients whose current address was within the counties (cities and districts) under the jurisdiction of Guizhou Province and whose occupations were students from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2023 were derived according to the date of onset, and the epidemiological characteristics and spatial aggregation of tuberculosis among students were analyzed by using Excel 2010, SPSS 26 0 and Arc GIS 10 7 software, SPSS 26.0 and Arc GIS 10.7 software to organize and analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial aggregation of students' tuberculosis.

There were 23 699 cases of tuberculosis among students in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2023, with an average annual registration rate of 40.67/100 000, showing a decreasing trend (trend χ²=1 244, P<0.001). The registration time was mainly concentrated in March-April and August-September each year; the regional distribution was mainly concentrated in Bijie City, Qiandongnan Prefecture, and Zunyi City; the age was mainly 15-19 years old (60.15%); the source of the patients was the largest proportion of referrals (40.08%), and the diagnostic results were mainly pathogenetically negative (65.80%), and the overall delayed rate of consultation for student TB patients during 2018-2023 was 49.01%.The global Moran's I values of student TB registration rates in Guizhou Province during 2018-2023 were all >0, ranging from 0.135 to 0.221, and all were statistical significance (P<0.05). The results of local autocorrelation analysis showed that there were different types of aggregation in the province's aggregation zones in each year, and the number of “high-high” aggregation zones in 2018-2023 were: 3, 2, 5, 4, 3, 4, and the number of “low-low” aggregation zones were: 3, 2, 5, 4, 3, and 4, respectively. The number of “high-low” agglomerations in 2018-2023 are: 3, 2, 5, 4, 3, 4, the number of “low-low” agglomerations in 2018-2023 are: 18, 15, 11, 9, 4, 5, the number of “high-low” agglomerations in 2018-2023 are: 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 4, the number of “low-high” agglomerations in 2018-2023 are: 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1.

Guizhou Province, the student tuberculosis patient registration rate is a year-on-year decline in the trend of three inter-distribution is obvious, and the student tuberculosis patient registration non-uniform distribution between areas, and there is obvious spatial aggregation. It is recommended to strengthen active detection in schools, to strengthen health education, and to increase the prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools in areas of aggregation.

To analyze the levels of acrylamide in 2-5 years old children of three regions in China and assess the exposure risk.

The survey was conducted on 31 healthy children aged 2-5 years old in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Heilongjiang and Sichuan Province. We collected the whole food consumed by the children during the survey period using the dual meal method, analyzed the acrylamide exposure level. Then the margin of exposure (MOE) assessment was used to evaluate the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks by using BMDL10 (0.31 mg/(kg·bw·d)) and NOAEL (0.2 mg/(kg·bw·d)) as toxicity reference points.

This survey investigated 13 girls and 18 boys in three regions of China, aged between 26 to 58 months, with the weight range of 11.0 to 20.0 kg and the height range of 87.0 to 115.1 cm. A total of 187 food samples were collected, including 96 mixed diet samples, 61 liquid dairy product samples, and 30 infant formula samples. The average levels of acrylamide from the three types of samples were 9.54 μg/kg, 0.80 μg/kg, and 1.03 μg/kg. The average exposure levels were 0.624 μg/(kg bw·d), 0.04 μg/(kg bw·d), and 0.04 μg/(kg bw·d).The high exposure levels of acrylamide (P₉₅) increased to 2.974 μg/(kg bw·d), 0.234 μg/(kg bw·d), and 0.13 μg/(kg bw·d). The number of average MOE and high MOE (P₉₅) for non-carcinogenic risk of acrylamide are 299 and 67, while the number of average MOE and high MOE (P₉₅) for carcinogenic risk are 463 and 104.

The number of MOE for both non carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of acrylamide in the diet of 31 young children are less than 10 000, and the number of MOE for high non carcinogenic risks is less than 100. Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to the health risks caused by dietary intake of acrylamide in young children.

To explore the mediating effect of physical function and nutritional status between sleep quality and frailty in rural elderly people based on Gobbens frailty integration model.

From July to September 2023, multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used to select the elderly aged ≥60 years old in rural areas of Xinjiang, and questionnaire survey and body measurement were used to investigate the study. AMOS 28.0 software was used to establish the structural equation model (SEM) and test the mediating effect.

(1) Frailty scores of the rural elderly were 40.00 (34.00,46.00), sleep quality scores were 7.00 (5.00,9.00), physical function scores were 9.00 (7.00,10.00), nutrition scores were 13.00 (12.00,14.00); (2) The score of sleep quality of the rural elderly was positively correlated with the score of frailty, and negatively correlated with the score of physical function and nutritional status (r=0.405, -0.222, -0.125, P<0.001). The score of physical function was negatively correlated with the score of frailty, and positively correlated with the score of nutritional status (r= -0.220, 0.216, P<0.001). Frailty score was positively correlated with nutritional status score (r= -0.071, P=0.024); (3) Physical function and nutritional status played a mediating role between sleep quality and frailty, accounting for 15.76% of the total effect.

Physical function status and nutritional status play an intermediary role in the sleep quality and frailty of the rural elderly. Through early identification of sleep problems, physical function status and nutritional status can be improved, delaying or even reversing the occurrence of frailty.

To analyze the design flaws and statistical issues present in medical papers submitted to core domestic journals, and to explore strategies for improving the quality of medical papers and submission acceptance rates.

A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on submissions to domestic core medical journals between January 2021 and December 2023. Quantitative empirical and qualitative analyses were performed.

A total of 306 clinical medicine research papers and 328 basic medicine research papers were included in the analysis. There was a statistically significant difference in the acceptance rates between these two categories (P<0.001), while no significant difference was found concerning the acceptance rates of papers supported by different levels of funding (P>0.05). Observational studies constituted 71.40% of all submissions; however, their acceptance rate was lower than that of experimental studies (43.75% vs. 53.66%, P<0.05). Various deficiencies were identified in the methodological design and statistical analysis reporting of the manuscripts. The main issues included unclear description of study design types, inadequate matching between groups, insufficient modeling and validation, neglect of sample size calculation, and errors in result reporting.

Significant flaws exist in the research design and statistical analysis reporting of medical manuscripts, with a considerable gap compared to internationally recognized medical reporting standards. Hospitals and medical schools should strengthen training in the latest medical research standards and statistical knowledge to improve the quality of academic papers and enhance research outcomes.

To evaluate the effectiveness of case study-modularized teaching design method in undergraduate nursing students.

Undergraduate nursing students in the class of 2020 of a medical university were selected as research subjects, and a parallel controlled trial was designed with case study-modularized teaching in the intervention group and traditional teaching methods in the control group, and the evaluation of teaching effectiveness was conducted by anonymous questionnaires and final grades.

The scores, learning attitudes, course cognition, teaching satisfaction, and self-learning effect evaluation of students in the intervention group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the teaching method was especially effective in improving students’ comprehensive application ability.

The case study modularized teaching method used in the teaching of medical statistics is popular among students, with high course satisfaction and self-learning effect evaluation, which can improve the comprehensive application ability of students, and the teaching effect is remarkable.

To analyze the relationship between smoking status and risk of cardiovascular diseases among Henan Huixian residents.

The baseline survey data and follow-up data of participants aged 30-79 years recruited in Huixian County, Henan, through the China Chronic Disease Prospective Research Project were used. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze the association between smoking status and risk of cardiovascular diseases.

A total of 59 865 cases were included in the cohort and followed up for a total of 586 851.81 person years (average 9.20 years). We documented 17 142 cases of cardiovascular diseases, 5 959 cases of ischemic heart diseases, 7 717 cases of cerebral infarction and 1 387 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage. The smoking rate of men (65.29%) was much higher than that of women (0.34%). Cox multivariate analysis showed, compared with nonsmokers, current smokers had higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (HR=1.178, 95% CI: 1.118-1.241), ischemic heart diseases (HR=1.291, 95% CI: 1.177-1.417) and cerebral infarction (HR=1.297, 95% CI: 1.203-1.398). Among current smokers, those who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day or those who started smoking at the age of less than 20 years old had higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, ischemic heart diseases and cerebral infarction.

Smoking can effectively decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases. It is necessary to strengthen the control and intervention of smoking behavior in order to curb the epidemic trend of cardiovascular disease.

To investigate the association between blood and urine biomarkers and genetic risks of primary glaucoma using Mendelian randomization analysis.

This study utilized summary data from large - scale genome-wide association studies to extract eligible instrumental variables and primarily employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method for analysis. The results were validated through Cochran’s Q statistic, MR - Egger regression intercept, MR - PRESSO, and the leave - one - out method.

MR analysis showed that the total protein (IVW: OR=1.399, 95% CI: 1.000-1.958, P=0.049), glycated hemoglobin (IVW: OR=0.650, 95% CI: 0.512-0.824, P<0.001), and glucose (IVW: OR=0.587, 95% CI: 0.368-0.938, P=0.026) were causally related to primary glaucoma. Reverse MR analysis further found a causal relationship between primary angle - closure glaucoma and total protein (IVW: OR=0.990, 95% CI: 0.980-0.999, P=0.045), indicating a bidirectional causal relationship between total protein and primary angle - closure glaucoma. The results were validated without finding heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy.

Total protein may be a potential risk factor for primary angle - closure glaucoma, while glycated hemoglobin and glucose may serve as protective factors against primary open -angle glaucoma. Total protein and albumin are potential biomarkers for primary angle -closure glaucoma. This study provides information on biomarkers that can be further investigated, offering new insights and strategies for the early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and prevention of glaucoma.