To investigate the association between long-term exposure to atmospheric pollutants (PM_2.5 and NO₂) and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, and the mediating role of abnormal lipid metabolism in the association.

Based on a China Multi-Ethnic Cohort and data collected from 2018—2019 on 15 573 participants in Sichuan Province and hospital discharge data in Sichuan Province from 2018—2022. Logistic regression and Cox proportional risk model were used to investigate the two-by-two associations between PM_2.5 and NO₂, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes; regression-based causal mediator model was used to explore the mediating role of dyslipidemia in the association between PM_2.5 and NO₂ and type 2 diabetes.

For each 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in atmospheric PM_2.5 and NO₂ concentrations, the population Odds ratio (OR) (95% CI)for dyslipidemia was 1.042 (1.002-1.084) and 1.047 (1.003-1.093), respectively and the Hazard ratio (HR)(95% CI) for developing type 2 diabetes was 1.159 (1.044-1.288) and 1.330 (1.173-1.509), respectively. Patients with dyslipidemia had a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes with a HR(95% CI) of 1.777 (1.418-2.227). Dyslipidemia partially mediated the association of chronic exposure to PM_2.5 and NO₂ on developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, with natural indirect effects HR (95% CI) of 1.004 (1.000 - 1.008) and 1.005 (1.000 - 1.010), respectively, corresponding to 3.1% and 2.0% of the total effect, respectively.

Long-term exposure to PM_2.5 and NO₂ was positively associated with dyslipidemia and increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia partially mediated the association of air pollution on the risk of type 2 diabetes.

To investigate the contamination levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in livestock meat, eggs, and dairy products in Chongqing, and to assess the exposure risk of population to PFAS through the consumption of these foods.

45 livestock meat, 45 eggs and 30 dairy products samples were randomly collected to determine 23 types of PFAS in Chongqing. Based on estimated food consumption data for Chongqing population in 2022, the dietary PFAS exposure risk was evaluated.

The detection rates of PFAS in the three categories of animal-derived foods in Chongqing were as follows: eggs > livestock meat > dairy products. Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) was identified as the predominant PFAS, with detection rates of 95.6% in eggs, 37.8% in livestock meat, and 10.0% in dairy products. Both livestock meat and eggs were found to contain perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), with PFOA detection rates (33.3% in eggs, 31.1% in livestock meat) higher than those of PFOS (2.2% in eggs, 4.4% in livestock meat). The total average exposure to PFAS through the consumption of these three animal-derived food categories for the population over 3 years old in Chongqing was 6.75-32.81 ng/(kg·week). The average exposure levels of PFOA, PFOS, and Σ₄ PFASs (PFOA, PFOS, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid, and perfluorononanoic acid) did not exceed the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) recommended by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). However, at high contamination levels of PFAS, the exposure levels of Σ₄ PFASs for children aged 3-5 and 6-11 ranged from 5.84 to 7.09 ng/(kg·week), which exceeded the TWI Σ₄ PFASs by 32.7%-61.1%.

PFAS were detected in all three categories of animal-derived foods in Chongqing, with eggs contributing the most. The average PFAS exposure from these foods for individuals over 3 years old do not pose a health risk, but high PFAS contamination presents a certain health risk to young children in Chongqing.

To investigate the association between changes in frailty status and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF).

Based on questionnaire data and anthropometric data collected from the baseline and second repeat surveys of the UK Biobank (UKB), frailty status was assessed by the Fried frailty phenotype, categorized as non-frailty, pre-frailty or frailty, and changes in frailty status were assessed by combining frailty status at baseline and at the second repeat survey. The association between change in frailty status and new-onset AF was assessed using a Cox proportional risk model, and subgroup analyses were performed according to frailty status at the time of the second repeat survey by sex, age, overweight, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes.

A total of 56 394 study participants were included. In the non-frailty group, the risk of AF in those who progressed from non-frailty to pre-frailty or frailty was 1.23 times higher than in those who did not change (HR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.05-1.44, P=0.010). In the pre-frailty group, those who recovered to non-frailty and those who developed frailty had 0.74 (HR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.60-0.93, P=0.009) and 1.71 (HR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.16-2.54, P=0.007) times the risk of developing AF compared with the unchanged population, respectively. In the frailty group, the risk of AF was 0.38 times higher in those who returned to pre-frailty or non-frailty than in those who remained unchanged (HR=0.38, 95% CI: 0.16-0.87, P=0.022).

Worsening of frailty status increases the risk of AF occurrence, whereas recovery from frailty status decreases the risk of AF occurrence.

To study the coordinated development of healthcare resource allocation and service utilization in Jiangsu Province.

Using various statistical methods, its spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and driving factors were profiled.

The degree of coupling coordination showed an overall upward trend during 2015-2021, which declined in 2020 but quickly rebounded in the following year; the province’s entropy-weighted TOPSIS composite index was basically below 0.5, with Nanjing, Wuxi, and Suzhou’s composite scores significantly higher than those of other cities, and the service utilization index as a whole was significantly higher than that of the resource allocation index; Lianyungang, in terms of the value of the degree of relative development, was much higher than that of the province’s other cities, presenting an extremely significant resource over-advancement type; the influence factors selected in this paper can be better realistic and statistically significant in terms of selection objectives and significance.

The coordinated development of medical resource allocation and service utilization of health institutions in prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu Province has obvious geographical boundaries of spatial and temporal changes,2015-2021. In addition, although the better economically developed areas performs better than the relatively less economically developed areas in terms of healthcare resource allocation and service utilization but shows a regression in the composite scores, healthcare resource allocation may be an entry point for the balanced development of the province. The study also find that factors such as population distribution and level of economic development have a significant impact on the degree of coordination over the seven years.

This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and ischemic stroke (IS) through Mendelian randomization (MR) and to identify key interacting genes using bioinformatics methods.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with exposure factors were selected as instrumental variables. The random-effects inverse-variance weighted method (IVW) was used as the main analysis method of MR analysis, and the odds ratio (OR) evaluated the causal association of HT and IS. The HT and IS datasets were downloaded from the GEO database. HT data were subjected to Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential analysis and screened for overlapping genes between the two diseases by intersection of differential genes in IS. Hub genes were obtained by intersecting the top 20 genes in the five algorithms of the Cytoscape software cytoHubba package. LASSO regression was applied to identify key comorbidity genes.

IVW results showed that HT was a risk factor for the development of IS (OR=1.087, 95% CI: 1.001-1.181, P=0.048) while IS did not increase the risk of HT (OR=1.159, 95% CI: 0.899-1.494, P=0.256). Integration analysis of HT and IS data identified 102 overlapping genes. A total of 11 Hub genes were identified by the five algorithms. LASSO regression ultimately identified SERBP1 and WDR75 as key comorbidity genes.

This study demonstrates that HT may be a risk factor for the development of IS through MR analysis and identified SERBP1 and WDR75 as key comorbidity genes for HT with IS using bioinformatics methods, which may be the potential therapeutic target for HT patients with IS.

To investigate the mediating effects and critical influences of triglyceride glucose (TyG) and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) indices on the association of unhealthy lifestyle and hypertension in an occupational population, and to provide a scientific basis for hypertension in occupational populations.

A cross-sectional survey design was employed based on data from the Southwest Occupational Population Cohort. Unhealthy lifestyle was assessed based on scoring for smoking, alcohol consumption, unhealthy dietary patterns, low physical activity, and abnormal BMI. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the unhealthy lifestyle score and hypertension. Causal mediation analysis was employed to estimate the mediating effects of TyG and TG/HDL-C. Additionally, network analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between among unhealthy lifestyle, TyG, TG/HDL-C, and hypertension.

A total of 24 545 study participants were included, with an average age of (37.37±10.60) years. Regression analysis revealed that the risk of hypertension increased with the number of unhealthy lifestyle factors. Compared with those with no unhealthy lifestyle factors, individuals with all five unhealthy lifestyle factors simultaneously had a 3.06-fold risk of developing hypertension (95% CI: 2.54-3.69). Mediation analysis indicated that TyG and TG/HDL-C mediated 34.25% and 6.64% of the effects, respectively, linking unhealthy lifestyle and hypertension. Among them, TyG emerged as the primary mediating factor and exhibited the highest bridge strength centrality in the network constructed for unhealthy lifestyle, TyG, TG/HDL-C, and hypertension.

Unhealthy lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension and shows a cumulative effect, and TyG is an important mediator and a key node in the network, suggesting that interventions should be carried out to target unhealthy lifestyle and TyG, which may contribute to hypertension prevention.

To understand the status of knowledge-attitude-practices (KAP) of meal replacement food among college students in Hainan Province.

From April 2023 to February 2024, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 2,451 college students from three universities in Hainan Province for a questionnaire survey. The knowledge and attitude levels of students with different characteristics were analyzed by T-test or ANOVA, and multiple response analysis was used for multiple choice questions in practice.

Knowledge of meal replacement food scored (5.67±2.26) (51.5%), attitude (10.85±4.28) (60.3%). 77.7% of university students wanted to continue consuming and try meal replacement food. And 73.5% of students accepted meal replacement food at a price of ‘≤15 RMB/meal’. The college students were mainly concerned about the nutritional balance (21.1%) and safety (19.2%) of the products. Their preferred product types were mainly meal-replacement biscuits (19.2%) and meal-replacement shakes (18.7%). The key considerations for purchasing meal replacement food were brand awareness of the product (18.7%) and price (16.5%). The channels for learning about meal replacement food were mainly the Internet or self-media (36.3%), and purchasing them was mainly from online shopping malls or supermarkets (32.0%).

College students in Hainan Province have a low level of knowledge about meal replacement food but have a positive attitude. They have a high willingness to consume meal replacement food. When shopping, the main factors they consider are the nutritional balance and safety of the product, brand awareness and price. They mainly obtain information about meal replacement food and purchase it online.

To explore the chain mediating roles of adult socioeconomic status and depression in the relationship between childhood friendship experiences and cognitive function in the elderly.

Based on the panel data of China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey (CHARLS) in 2014, 2018, and 2020, Partial correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation among childhood friendship experience, adult socioeconomic status, depression, and cognitive function of the elderly. The SPSS’s Process 4.1macro program was used to analyze the chain mediation effect, and Bootstrap method was used to verify the mediation variables.

The direct effect of childhood friendship experiences on cognitive function in the elderly was significant(β=0.226, 95% CI: 0.109-0.343). The simple mediating effects of adult socioeconomic status and depression between childhood friendship experiences and cognitive function were significant (β=0.095, 95% CI: 0.067-0.126; β=0.023,95% CI:0.009-0.040). The chain mediating effect of adult socioeconomic status and depression between childhood friendship experiences and cognitive function was significant (β=0.006, 95% CI:0.003-0.010). The total mediating effect and the chain mediating effect respectively account for 35.33% and 1.71% of the total effect.

Childhood friendship experience can directly and positively influence cognitive function in the elderly, and also can influence cognitive function in the elderly through the separate and chain mediating effects of socioeconomic status and depression in adulthood.

Toevaluate the association between insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using the insulin resistance metabolic score (METS-IR).

The study included 1 315 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2017 to 2018, including 740 people with NAFLD and 575 people without NAFLD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between METS-IR and the risk of developing NAFLD. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis was performed to examine dose-response relationship after adjustment. Finally, receiver operatingcharacteristic curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of METS-IR for NAFLD.

The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that each unit increase in METS-IR was associated with a 7% higher risk of developing NAFLD (OR=1.07; 95% CI:1.02-1.11). When categorizing METS-IR into quartiles, individuals in the highest quartile had a 3.35 times increased risk compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR=4.35;95% CI:1.38-13.75), showing a significant trend (P-trend <0.05). When the cutoff value is 39.767, the area under the ROC curve for METS-IR in diagnosing NAFLD was 0.788 (SE=0.0126; 95% CI:0.764-0.809).

There is a positive correlation between METS-IR and risk of developing NAFLD, suggesting that it could be used as a potential indicator in the diagnosis of NAFLD.

To describe and analyze the disease burden of dengue fever in China from 1990 to 2021, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.

Using the open data of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database from 1990 to 2021, this study analyzed the trend of dengue disease burden. The Joinpoint regression model was used to reflect the change trend of dengue burden, and the ARIMA time series model was used to predict the dengue disease burden in China in the next ten years.

The incidence and prevalence of dengue fever in China increased from 0.37/100 000 and 0.02/100 000 in 1990 to 1.88/100 000 and 0.11/100 000 in 2021, and the DALYs rate decreased from 0.30/100 000 in 1990 to 0.04/100 000 in 2021. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized incidence and prevalence of dengue fever in China increased from 0.38/100 000 and 0.02/100 000 to 2.01/100 000 and 0.12/100 000, and the age-standardized DALYs rate decreased from 0.32/100 000 to 0.05/100 000. The Joinpoint regression model showed that, the age-standardized incidence rate (AAPC=5.59%, P<0.05) and age-standardized prevalence rate (AAPC=5.57%, P<0.05) of dengue fever in China from 1990 to 2021 showed an increasing trend, while the age-standardized DALYs rate (AAPC=-5.84%, P<0.05) showed a decreasing trend. The ARIMA forecast model showed a small decline in the burden of dengue in China from 2022 to 2031.

In China, the incidence and prevalence of dengue fever and its age-standardized rate showed an increasing trend, while the DALYs rate and age-standardized DALYs rate showed a decreasing trend. The burden of dengue fever in China is still relatively heavy, so preliminary screening and health education of dengue fever should be strengthened, and corresponding preventive measures should be formulated according to the characteristics of dengue disease burden.