To investigate the prevalence characteristics of motor-cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) among community-dwelling elderly aged ≥65 and analyze its related factors, providing evidence forMCR early prevention and intervention.

A total of 5 659 community-dwelling elderly aged ≥65 years were selected from the HMACS cohort. MCR was assessed through questionnaires, physical examinations, and neuropsychological evaluations. The epidemiological characteristics were described, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify influencing factors, with stratified analysis by sex and age.

Among the 5 659 older adults, 719 were diagnosed with MCR, with a crude prevalence rate of 12.71%. After standardization based on the data of the 7th National Population Census in 2020, the total standardized prevalence rate was 18.52%. The prevalence rate of MCR increased with age, which was higher in females (14.13%) than in males (11.32%), and higher in rural areas (30.17%) than in urban areas (6.72%). After adjusting for confounding factors,multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that medium SES (OR=0.371, 95%CI: 0.289-0.474), high SES (OR=0.361, 95%CI: 0.279-0.464), close neighborhood relationships (OR=0.648, 95%CI: 0.538-0.780), a balanced diet (OR=0.709, 95%CI: 0.569-0.887), and intellectual activities (OR=0.671, 95%CI: 0.551-0.817) were associated with a lower prevalence of MCR. Advanced age, female gender, living alone, and cardiometabolic comorbidities were associated with a higher prevalence of MCR (P<0.05). Stratified analysis showed that cardiovascular metabolic comorbidities were only associated with a high MCR prevalence in men (OR=1.523, 95%CI: 1.167-1.987), while living alone was only associated with a high MCR prevalence in women (OR=1.515, 95%CI: 1.085-2.059).

This cross-sectional study shows that the prevalence of MCR among community-dwelling elderly aged 65 and above is relatively high. Its occurrence is independently associated with various social, lifestyle, and health factors, and exhibits significant differences across gender and age strata. Therefore, early screening should be conducted for high-risk populations, and comprehensive interventions should be implemented to slow the progression of MCR and maintain the physical and mental health of the elderly.

To investigate the mediating role of health-promoting behaviors in the relationship between eHealth literacy and depressive symptoms among university freshmen，and to provide a reference for the early prevention of depressive symptoms in this adolescent group undergoing a transitional phase.

A multistage cluster random sampling method was employed to survey 2 382 first-year undergraduate students from three public full-time universities in Guiyang, Guizhou Province. The General Information Questionnaire, the eHealth Literacy Scale, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II-Revised Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were used to conduct a questionnaire survey. SPSS 27.0 was used for descriptive statistics and correlation analyses, while PROCESS 4.1 was applied for mediation effect analysis.

eHealth literacy among university freshmen in Guiyang City showed a positive correlation with health-promoting behaviors and a negative correlation with depressive symptoms (r=0.480, -0.361,P<0.001), while health-promoting behaviors were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms (r=-0.416,P<0.001). The link between eHealth literacy and depressive symptoms was partly mediated by health-promoting behaviors (β=-0.145,P<0.001), explaining 53.14% of the total effect.

Health-promoting behaviors partially mediated the relationship between eHealth literacy and depressive symptoms among university freshmen, supplying a reference basis for implementing early prevention of depressive symptoms in this demographic.

To analyze the changing trends in gonorrhea incidence in China from 2005 to 2024, evaluate the influence of age, period, and birth cohort factors, and provide a basis for the development of gonorrhea prevention and control strategies.

Gonorrhea incidence data from 2005 to 2025 were extracted from the China Public Health Science Data Center and the China Health Statistical Yearbook. A Joinpoint regression model was used to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) to describe the incidence trends. An age-period-cohort model was constructed to evaluate the effects of age, period, and birth cohort on the incidence rate.

From 2005 to 2024, the overall incidence rate of gonorrhea in China showed a declining trend (AAPC=-3.47%, P<0.001). The age effect followed an “S-shaped” curve, with an increasing trend in the 15-29-year age group and decreasing trends in the 0 to 14-year and 30-84-year age groups. The period effect decreased over the years. The cohort effect generally showed an “M-shaped” decline, with an increasing trend from 1925-1929, a fluctuating decline from 1930-1994, a rapid increase from 1995—2009 reaching a peak, and a rapid decline from 2010-2020.

The overall incidence rate of gonorrhea in China is declining. Attention should be focused on high-incidence areas such as the Zhejiang Province and Yunnan Province, as well as key populations in the 15-34-year age group. Health education on gonorrhea prevention and control should be strengthened, and active screening in high-risk areas and among key populations should be promoted to achieve early diagnosis and early treatment.

To investigate the epidemiological characteristics, disease burden, and risk factors for severe tetanus in non-neonatal patients in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province.

A retrospective study was conducted on 72 tetanus inpatients admitted to medical institutions in Suzhou, 2013-2025. Patients were divided into severe and non-severe groups according to the Ablett classification. Intergroup comparisons and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed.

The median age of patients was 59.0 years, with males accounting for 65.3%. The peak incidence occurred in summer (June-August), accounting for 36.1% of cases. The proportion of severe cases in patients aged ≥65 years (72.4%) was higher than that in the 0-40 years group(22.2%) and the 41-64 years group (44.1%) (P=0.011). The median incubation period in the severe group was 8.0 days, shorter than 11.0 days in the non-severe group, and the median total hospitalization cost (￥125 641.5) was 5.42 times that of the non-severe group (P=0.007). Multivariate logistic regression showed that age ≥65 years (OR=3.10, 95%CI: 1.05-9.65) was an independent risk factor for severe tetanus.

Non-neonatal tetanus in Suzhou peaks in summer, predominantly affects the elderly, and severe cases have shorter incubation periods and higher treatment costs. Enhanced health education and immunization targeting the elderly are needed to reduce their risk of severe disease and death.

To analyze the changes in the disease burden of lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs) in China from 1990 to 2023 and predict future trends.

Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life year (DALYs) rate (ASDR) of LRIs in China from 1990 to 2023 were described; the Joinpoint model was used to analyze the temporal trend; the age-period-cohort (APC) model was applied to decompose age, period and cohort effects; the R programming was performed to analyze the correlation with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), the changing characteristics of pathogens, and the trend over the next 12 years.

From 1990 to 2023, the ASIR, ASMR and ASDR of LRIs in China decreased significantly (EAPC: -3.46%, -6.42%, and -9.29%, respectively,P<0.001). Joinpoint analysis indicated that affected by non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic, ASIR reached a trough in 2020, while ASMR and ASDR bottomed out in 2021, followed by a rebound. APC results indicated that the net drift values for ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR of -2.16%, -4.94%, and -4.93%, respectively (P<0.05), driven by the combined effects of age, period, and cohort. The disease burden of all age groups decreased significantly, but the age group with the heaviest disease burden changed from <5 age group to ≥70 age group. The trend of ASDR attributed to various pathogens was consistent with the overall trend. Bacteria were the main pathogens, among which Streptococcus pneumoniae was dominant. Projections indicate that by 2035, the ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR of LRIs in China would decrease to 1 282.49, 6.30, and 91.24 per 100 000 population, respectively.

From 1990 to 2023, the disease burden of LRIs and pathogen-related burden in China decreased significantly. Although the burden will continue to decline over the next 12 years, bacterial infections and the elderly population remain the long-term priorities for prevention and control.

To analyze the independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer under the one-stop integrated management mode from hepatopathy to liver cancer, and to provide basis for optimizing clinical diagnosis, treatment, and integrated management strategies.

From June 2023 to October 2023, 184 patients with primary liver cancer who treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University and enrolled in the one-stop integrated management mode. All patients were followed up for 2 years after operation, and their early recurrence status was analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate recurrence-free survival time and recurrence-free survival rates, with the Log-rank test employed for comparison. To identify independent risk factors, Cox proportional hazards regression was performed.

The early recurrence rate was 40.76% among the 184 patients. Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis revealed that preoperative living alone for nearly one year (HR=3.661, 95%CI: 1.475-9.089), total hepatic portal occlusion time exceeding 15 minutes (HR=1.874, 95%CI: 1.047 -3.354), and positive microvascular invasion (HR=1.787, 95%CI: 1.011-3.158) were independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer.

Preoperative living alone for nearly one year, a total hepatic portal occlusion time exceeding 15 minutes, and positive microvascular invasion are independent risk factors for early postoperative recurrence in patients with primary liver cancer. Future integrated management from hepatopathy to liver cancer should prioritize these factors, implementing risk stratification and intensified management strategies to improve patient prognosis.

To systematically compare the relative effects of different exercise interventions on grip strength, timed up and go test (TUGT), balance function, and skeletal muscle mass in older adults with sarcopenia and frailty.

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP Database were searched from inception to January 17, 2026 for randomized controlled trials. A random-effects network meta-analysis was conducted to estimate standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs).

Nineteen randomized controlled trials were included (18 entered the network meta-analysis), involving 1 838 participants. For grip strength, active resistance/strength-endurance training showed the greatest benefit ［SMD=1.18, 95%CI (0.75 to 1.61)］, followed by mixed intensive training; Yijinjing and Baduanjin were superior to education/attention control. After TUGT stratification, some single and mixed interventions showed statistically significant effects, but the confidence intervals were wide. No stable evidence of superiority was observed for balance function or skeletal muscle mass.

The effects of different exercise interventions were outcome-specific. Current evidence supports active resistance/strength-endurance training for improving grip strength. For TUGT, some single or mixed interventions may confer benefit, but these findings should be interpreted only within their respective subnetworks. Stable evidence is still lacking for balance function and skeletal muscle mass.

To systematically evaluate the prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive impairment among people living with HIV (PLWH) in China.

We searched Chinese and English databases for studies on cognitive impairment among Chinese PLWH, from inception to August 2025. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 18.0.

A total of 27 studies involving 11 076 PLWH were included. The meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment (including screening-positive cases) in Chinese PLWH was 42.3%, with extremely high heterogeneity (I²=99.4%). The pooled estimate should be interpreted as an approximate range rather than an exact value. Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences across assessment tools, gender, age and education level (P<0.05), and residual heterogeneity remained high, suggesting unmeasured confounding factors. College or above education was a protective factor, while comorbid depression and efavirenz-containing regimens were risk factors.

Given the limitations of high heterogeneity and inconsistent assessment tools, cognitive impairment remains prevalent among Chinese PLWH. Strengthened screening and comprehensive management for high-risk groups are needed to reduce adverse prognostic impacts.

This study aims to investigate the association between blood glucose control level and the risk of developing gallstone disease (GSD).

Longitudinal cohort data from the UK Biobank (UKB) through 2023 and cohort data from individuals who underwent health examinations at a hospital in Kaizhou District, Chongqing, between 2013 and 2017 were used. Cox proportional hazards models were applied separately in the two cohorts to investigate the associations of fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb), and the hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) with the risk of incident GSD, and the results from the two cohorts were pooled using meta-analysis. In addition, trajectory analysis was conducted in the Kaizhou hospital cohort to examine the associations of FBG, GHb, and HGI trajectories with the risk of incident GSD.

Meta-analysis integrating data from the UK Biobank and the Kaizhou cohort showed that each 1-unit increase in FBG was associated with an HR of 1.061 (95% CI: 1.054-1.068) for GSD, and each 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in FBG was associated with an HR of 1.076 (95% CI: 1.067-1.085). Compared to individuals with FBG <6.10 mmol/L, those with FBG between 6.10-<7.0 mmol/L (pooled HR=1.151, 95% CI: 1.095-1.210) and those with FBG ≥7.0 mmol/L (pooled HR=1.398,95% CI: 1.336-1.463) had increased GSD risk. Similarly, compared to individuals with GHb <5.7%, those with GHb between 5.7%-<6.5% (pooled HR=1.044, 95% CI: 1.013-1.076) and those with GHb ≥6.5% (pooled HR=1.187, 95% CI: 1.123-1.255)also showed elevated GSD risk. In the low-HGI group, each 1-unit increase in HGI was associated with an HR of 0.689 (95%CI: 0.570-0.834) for GSD, and each 1-SD increase was associated with an HR of 0.911 (95% CI: 0.868-0.955). In the medium-HGI group, the corresponding HRs were 0.737 (95% CI: 0.562-0.967) per 1-unit increase and 0.962 (95% CI: 0.930-0.995)per 1-SD increase. In the high-HGI group, each 1-unit increase in HGI was associated with an HR of 1.067 (95% CI: 1.006-1.131), and each 1-SD increase was associated with an HR of 1.028 (95% CI: 1.003-1.054). Trajectory analysis revealed that compared to the high-level HGI trajectory group, the low-level HGI trajectory group had a lower risk of GSD (HR=0.187, 95%CI: 0.047-0.743). However, the association between different trajectory groups of FBG and GHb and the risk of GSD did not reach a significant level.

There is a correlation between blood glucose control level and the risk of GSD. Poor blood glucose control will significantly increase the incidence probability of GSD. In future clinical practice, emphasis should be placed on the standardized management of blood glucose. Scientific regulation of blood glucose levels may provide an effective means of reducing the risk of incident GSD.

To explore the associations of nine indices related to insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and obesity,including estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), triglyceride glucose index (TyG), metabolic score for insulin resistance(METS-IR), triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C ratio), TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC),TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR), a body shape index (ABSI), and conicity index(CI), with hyperuricemia (HUA) among middle-aged and elderly individuals in a county in Guangxi, to screen for key indicators, and to validate them through a cohort study.

A combined cross-sectional and prospective cohort study design was employed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between each index and HUA. Five machine learning models, including XGBoost, were constructed to evaluate the performance of these indices and screen for key indices. In the prospective cohort, modified Poisson regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were utilized to analyze the association and dose-response relationship between the most critical index and the risk of incident HUA.

Multivariable logistic regression showed that after adjusting for covariates, TyG, METS-IR, TG/HDL-C ratio, TyG-WC, TyG-BMI, TyG-WHtR, ABSI, and CI were positively associated with HUA, whereas eGDR was negatively associated with HUA (P<0.001). The machine learning model results indicated that the TG/HDL-C ratio was the most critical index for identifying HUA.A non-linear association was observed between the TG/HDL-C ratio and the risk of incident HUA (P<0.001), with a threshold of 2.971 for the TG/HDL-C ratio in relation to HUA.

All nine indices were associated with HUA in middle-aged and elderly people. The TG/HDL-C ratio was the most critical index for identifying HUA, which holds important public health significance for the early identification of individuals with hyperuricemia.