To explore the mediating effect of pain condition between the number of chronic diseases and handgrip strength and the moderating role of sleep quality among middle-aged and elderly people over 45 years old in China.

Based on the data from the 2015 China Health and Elderly Tracking Survey, model 4 and model 59 in the Process 4.1 program were used to analyze and construct the mediator model and the mediator model with moderation.

A total of 13 930 Chinese middle-aged and older adults were included after screening, with handgrip strength values of (30.81 ± 10.03), number of chronic diseases (1.33 ± 1.44), number of pain sites (1.60 ± 3.23), and sleep quality (2.98 ± 1.21). Chronic conditions inversely predicted handgrip strength (B=-0.212, P<0.001). Number of pain sites partially mediated the relationship between chronic conditions and handgrip strength (B=-0.177, P<0.001). Sleep quality moderated the first half of the mediating pathway (chronic diseases → pain conditions), and simple slope plots showed that the number of chronic diseases had a more significant effect on pain conditions in middle-aged and older adults with low sleep quality than in middle-aged and older adults with high sleep quality.

Chronic diseases can affect grip strength directly or indirectly through pain conditions, and sleep quality moderates the mediating effect of pain conditions. Reduced grip strength due to chronic diseases in middle-aged and older adults can be mitigated by reducing pain conditions and improving sleep quality.

To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of mental disorders in people living with HIV/AIDS and to provide reference for clinical prevention of HIV associated mental disorders.

People living with HIV/AIDS who were diagnosed in our hospital from May 2017 to March 2023 were stratified randomly selected according to the year of admission. The first hospitalization records and laboratory test data from the medical record management systemwere reviewed and then relevant parameters were extracted as baseline data and were followed up regularly. Cox regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of HIV associated mental disorders.

A total of 503 people living with HIV/AIDS meeting the study criteria were included, 71 patients were diagnosed with mental disorders during follow-up, with an incidence of 14.1%. Multivariate analysis showed poor sleep (HR=3.813, 95% CI: 2.237-6.501), ART side effects (HR=1.740, 95% CI: 1.047-2.891), poor insight (HR=7.213, 95% CI: 4.277-12.163), abnormal CD4/CD8 cell ratio (HR=2.772, 95% CI: 1.246-6.163) and abnormal creatine kinase (HR=1.765, 95% CI: 1.086-2.871)were risk factors for HIV associated mental disorders.

People living with HIV/AIDS have a relatively high incidence of mental disorders within the first year of diagnosis, the influencing factors should be identified as early as possible when HIV/AIDS patients are diagnosed, and corresponding intervention plans should be formulated to prevent the occurrence and development of HIV associated mental disorders.

To investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and insomnia by two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.

The summary statistics of gut microbiota came from a meta-analysis of the largest genomewide association study conducted by the MiBioGen Alliance. The summary statistics for insomnia came from the genomewide association study of insomnia measurement. Inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode method, and weighted mode method were used to study the causal relationship between gut microbiota and insomnia. The stability of the results was evaluated by a series of sensitivity analyses.

MR analysis showed that soft membrane Mollicutes RF9 [β=-0.86, OR(95%CI): 0.42(0.25-0.71)] and unknown family [β=-0.86, OR(95%CI): 0.42(0.25-0.71)] had protective effect on insomnia. In addition, 14 other groups were found to be potentially causally associated with insomnia in this study including Oxalobacteraceae (F=170.153, P=0.034), Marvinbryantia (F=162.702, P=0.006), Ruminococcaceae UCG002 (F=298.323, P=0.046), Subdoligranulum (F=198.442, P=0.045), Anaerostipes (F=222.074, P=0.032), Gammaproteobacteria (F=91.816, P= 0.006) , Pasteurellales (F=231.141, P=0.010), Lachnospiraceae UCG010 (F=138.761, P=0.045), Peptococcus (F=287.210, P=0.036), Ruminococcus gnavus group (F=162.913, P=0.031), Dorea (F=112.086, P=0.049), Flavonifractor (F=95.307, P=0.020), and unknown genus(F=89.189, P=0.001). No significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy was detected.

Mendelian randomization shows that the flexurales, unknown families, and 14 other taxa are causally related to insomnia. The gut microbiota may be one of the treatments to improve insomnia.

To explore and compare the application value of post-stroke fatigue (PSF) risk prediction nomogram and Web calculator program in post-stroke fatigue risk prediction in convalescent stroke patients.

The patients with acute stroke admitted to the Department of Encephalopathy of a tertiary hospital from February 2023 to August 2023 were prospectively selected, and the nomogram and Web calculator program were used to predict the risk probability of PSF in convalescent stage. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, and clinical decision curve were used to evaluate the discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility of the two models, respectively.

A total of 282 patients were included, of which 128 had PSF, and the incidence of PSF was 46.89%. The AUC of the nomogram and Web calculator were 0.687 (95%CI:0.624-0.749) and 0.743 (95%CI: 0.683-0.803), respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed that the nomogram (χ²=8.357, P=0.213) and Web calculator program (χ²=4.467, P=0.614) were well fitted in stroke patients. The clinical decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram and Web calculator program had clinical benefits in the range of threshold probability of 0.35-0.81 and 0.33-0.88, respectively.

The nomogram and Web calculator program can effectively predict the PSF risk of stroke convalescent patients, and the Web calculator program is superior to the nomogram. However, the future Web calculator program model still needs to be further updated to balance simplicity and accuracy, thereby improving its clinical applicability.

To explore the causal relationship between lifestyle, diet, sleep, socioeconomic status and bronchial asthma by using two-sample Mendelian randomized method.

Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was performed based on inverse variance weighting method (IVW), and the stability and reliability of the results were verified by leaving-one-out method, heterogeneity test, and pleiotropy test.

The results of IVW model showed that smoking (OR=1.17,95%CI: 1.08-1.28), drinking (OR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.05-1.41), sedentary behavior (OR=1.78, 95%CI: 1.38-2.31), sleep duration (OR=2.29, 95%CI: 1.38-2.31), and body mass index (OR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.29-1.53) were associated with the increased risk of bronchial asthma. Fresh fruit intake (OR=0.50, 95%CI: 0.34-0.73), dried fruit intake (OR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.34-0.73), cereal intake (OR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.41-0.94), education level (OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.34-0.73), and social activity (OR=0.26, 95%CI:0.34-0.73) were associated with reduced risk of asthma. The results of MR-Egger intercept detection did not show pleiotropic effects, indicating that Mendelian randomization was an effective method for causal inference in this study. The heterogeneity test results of drinking (Q=139.92, P=0.001), sedentary behavior (Q=151.37, P=0.003), dried fruit intake (Q=40.00, P=0.007), cereal intake (Q=72.95, P=0.001), and body mass index (BMI) (Q=584.12, P < 0.001) were all statistically significant. Therefore, attention was paid to results of the random effect IVW model.

Smoking, drinking, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, and body mass index may be the risk factors of bronchial asthma. Fresh fruit intake, dried fruit intake, cereal intake, education level, and social activities may be the protective factors of bronchial asthma.

Based on the health big data platform of Yichang city, to analyze the characteristics of allergic diseases of children born in medical institutions from 2017 to 2022 in Yichang city, and to clarify the distribution of allergic diseases among children in Yichang city.

Statistical analysis was conducted based on the records of born children with allergic diseases in the outpatient clinic of urban comprehensive medical institutions from 2017 to 2022 in the big data cloud platform of Yichang city.

The number of visits of male children was 68 707, more than that of female children, and the number of visits had been increasing since 2017. The highest number of hospital visits was 46 190 (37.86%) among children of 0-1 year old, of which the highest number of visits was 3 331(13.74%) among children of two months. Atopic dermatitis/eczema and allergic rhinitis had a higher number of visits with 46 156 and 14 388 visits, respectively. The age of onset of atopic dermatitis was earlier, with the age of first consultation being 0.42 years, and the age of onset was earlier in males than in females. Atopic dermatitis/eczema and allergic rhinitis were the most common multimorbidities.

For children with atopic dermatitis/eczema and/or allergic rhinitis, the focus is on the development of concomitant diseases to further interrupt the allergic process and promote early detection, prevention and treatment of the disease.

To evaluate the causal relationship between tea drinking and cholelithiasis by two-way Mendelian randomization.

The instrumental variables for tea drinking were determined from 447 485 participants in the UK Biobank genome-wide association study (GWAS). A total of 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with tea drinking were used for two-sample Mendelian randomized analysis to evaluate the causal relationship between tea drinking and cholelithiasis. Cholelithiasis data were obtained from GWAS data of 35 712 cholelithiasis patients and 273 442 controls publicly available from the Finnegan Alliance. In this study, inverse variance weighted (IVW) was used as the main method to estimate causality, and sensitivity analysis was carried out to ensure the robustness of the results. Finally, reverse Mendelian randomization analysis was used to verify whether there was a reverse correlation.

There was a causal relationship between tea drinking and cholelithiasis. In the IVW method, each additional standard deviation (2.85 cups/day) of tea consumption reduced the risk of cholelithiasis by 26.1% (OR=0.739, 95%CI: 0.536-0.990). Similar results were obtained in weighted mode (OR=0.652, 95%CI: 0.458-0.928), but there was no evidence to prove reverse correlation (IVW: P > 0.05).

The genetic evidence provided by two-way Mendelian randomized analysis shows that the increase of tea drinking reduces the risk of cholelithiasis, but there is no evidence of reverse association.

To construct a deep learning model based on multi-task learning to assist clinicians in differential diagnosis and staging of pneumoconiosis.

The digital chest radiographs of 3 600 patients from an occupational disease hospital in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2022 were collected, and the full convolution neural network (UNet) was used to segment the lung field. Based on multi-task learning, the multi-task model was constructed using the correlation between tasks.The multi-task model was pre-trained on the ChestX-ray14 dataset, whose backbone network was DenseNet121, and two classifiers were added behind the backbone network. Paired t-test was used to compare the differences in accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and F1 scores between single-task model and multi-task model.

The test set results showed that the differential diagnosis and diagnostic staging performance of the single-task model was about 90% and 77%, respectively. The differential diagnosis and diagnosis staging performance of the multi-task model was about 94% and 86%, which was higher than that of the single-task model about 4% and 9%, respectively. The difference between the evaluation indexes was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

The multi-task model has more advantages than the single-task model and can effectively realize the differential diagnosis and accurate staging of pneumoconiosis and pulmonary tuberculosis.

To investigate the utilization of outpatient and inpatient services in patients with pneumoconiosis and its influencing factors.

By using the convenient sampling method, 199 pneumoconiosis patients were selected from the West China Fourth Hospital, and their population characteristics, medical treatment-seeking behavior, and influencing factors were investigated by using the questionnaire on pneumoconiosis patients and its influencing factors compiled by CDC of China.Multivariate logistic regression model and multivariate poisons regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of outpatient and inpatient service utilization.

The two-week outpatient rate of pneumoconiosis patients surveyed was 27.6%, the median number of outpatients used in one year was twice, and the annual hospitalization rate was 61.8%. For hospitalized patients, the median number of hospitalizations per year was 1, and the median cumulative hospitalization days was 30 days. The average visual health scale (VAS) score of patients was 48.3±17.4. Multivariate logistic regression and multivariate poisons regression analysis showed that pneumoconiosis patients with basic health insurance (OR=0.067, 95%CI: 0.006-0.716),higher frequency of medication (OR=0.100, 95%CI: 0.037-0.269), and lower VAS score (OR=0.992, 95%CI: 0.988-0.997) had less use of outpatient services. Pneumoconiosis patients with recent exacerbation of cough (OR=5.530, 95%CI: 2.446-12.501), work injury insurance (OR=1.183, 95%CI:1.015-1.379), and lower income (OR=0.980, 95%CI: 0.965-0.997) had more use of outpatient services. Pneumoconiosis patients who were married (OR=0.063, 95%CI: 0.005-0.771) and had lower VAS scores (OR=8.463, 95%CI: 3.090-23.248) had less use of inpatient services. Pneumoconiosis patients with higher frequency of medication (OR=8.463, 95%CI: 3.090-23.248), complicated with core pulmonale (OR=1.855, 95%CI: 1.307-2.634), pneumoconiosis compensation (OR=3.358, 95%CI: 1.183-9.529), social relief (OR=1.402, 95%CI: 1.047-1.877) and more active communication with patients (OR=2.158, 95%CI: 1.061-4.390) were likely to have more use of inpatient services.

The utilization rates of outpatients and inpatients with pneumoconiosis are higher than the national average. The health status, economic level, and social support level of patients with pneumoconiosis are important factors affecting their medical treatment behavior.

To explore the pollution characteristics and ecological risk of microplastics in Kundulun Reservoir in Baotou city.

Three environmental samples were collected from the surface water, sediment, and surrounding soil of Kundulun Reservoir. After four steps of digestion, density flotation, secondary digestion and concentration, the microplastics were extracted. The abundance, polymer type, particle size, and shape of microplastics were detected by LDIR8700 reflection model controlled by Clarity software, and the ecological risk was assessed by risk index (H) and pollution load index (PLI).

The average abundance of microplastics in surface water, sediment, and surrounding soil was (210.83±50.1) n/L,(9 633.33±1 955.33) n/kg, and (10 633.33±896.29) n/kg, respectively. In the surface water, the main type of microplastic polymer was polypropylene (PP), the microplastic with the particle size of 0 to 30 μm accounted for the largest proportion, and the shape was mainly in the form of film. In sediments, polybutylene succinate (PBS) was the main type of polymer, and the size of 0 to 30 μm and film-like microplastics were the main types. In the surrounding soil, the main type of polymer was PBS, and the particle size and shape of microplastics were the same as those in sediments. The risk index (H) based on the type of microplastic polymer showed that the microplastic H index of each sampling site ranged from 1.22 to 9 111.44, and the risk grade covered grades Ⅰ to Ⅳ. The risk grade in surface water was generally high, and the risk grade in sediment and surrounding soil was slightly lower. The PLI based on the pollution abundance of microplastics showed that the range of PLI index of microplastics in each sampling site was 1: 1.2733, and the average PLI index of microplastics was 1.0995, which showed slight pollution in the three environmental media.

The abundance of microplastics in the three environmental media of Kundulun Reservoir is high, with a wide range of sources and mainly small particle sizes. The overall risk index is relatively high, and the pollution load is low.