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To explore the pollution characteristics and ecological risk of microplastics in Kundulun Reservoir in Baotou city.
Three environmental samples were collected from the surface water, sediment, and surrounding soil of Kundulun Reservoir. After four steps of digestion, density flotation, secondary digestion and concentration, the microplastics were extracted. The abundance, polymer type, particle size, and shape of microplastics were detected by LDIR8700 reflection model controlled by Clarity software, and the ecological risk was assessed by risk index (H) and pollution load index (PLI).
The average abundance of microplastics in surface water, sediment, and surrounding soil was (210.83±50.1) n/L,(9 633.33±1 955.33) n/kg, and (10 633.33±896.29) n/kg, respectively. In the surface water, the main type of microplastic polymer was polypropylene (PP), the microplastic with the particle size of 0 to 30 μm accounted for the largest proportion, and the shape was mainly in the form of film. In sediments, polybutylene succinate (PBS) was the main type of polymer, and the size of 0 to 30 μm and film-like microplastics were the main types. In the surrounding soil, the main type of polymer was PBS, and the particle size and shape of microplastics were the same as those in sediments. The risk index (H) based on the type of microplastic polymer showed that the microplastic H index of each sampling site ranged from 1.22 to 9 111.44, and the risk grade covered grades Ⅰ to Ⅳ. The risk grade in surface water was generally high, and the risk grade in sediment and surrounding soil was slightly lower. The PLI based on the pollution abundance of microplastics showed that the range of PLI index of microplastics in each sampling site was 1: 1.2733, and the average PLI index of microplastics was 1.0995, which showed slight pollution in the three environmental media.
The abundance of microplastics in the three environmental media of Kundulun Reservoir is high, with a wide range of sources and mainly small particle sizes. The overall risk index is relatively high, and the pollution load is low.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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