To grasp the current situation and trends of occupational hazards in workplaces of key industries in Ji’an City, and provide a basis for improving the prevention and control of occupational diseases.

The data of occupational hazards in the workplaces of key industries in Ji’an City from 2021 to 2023 were collected from the Workplace Occupational Hazard Monitoring System, and the monitoring results were summarized and analyzed.

A total of 654 enterprises from key industries were recruited as the monitoring subjects in Ji’an City from 2021 to 2023, which were mainly small and micro-scale(94.34%) and manufacturing (74.92%) industries. The exposure ratio of occupational hazards among employees was 55.35%, and the exposure ratio of noise hazard was the highest(47.44%), the second was dust hazard (44.12%). The rates of occupational health training for enterprise leaders, occupational health management personnel, and workers were 72.78%, 72.78% and 83.74%, respectively, which were all increasing gradually year by year (χ²=15.808, 17.649, 398.746, respectively, all P<0.05). The distribution rates of dust masks, anti-poisoning masks or face masks, and noise prevention earplugs or earmuffs were 90.39%, 61.33% and 66.31%, respectively. The distribution rates of dust masks and noise prevention earplugs or earmuffs showed an increasing trend year by year (χ²=24.010, 21.100, respectively, all P<0.05). The rates of installation of dust prevention facilities, anti-poisoning facilities and noise prevention facilities were 88.99%, 76.00% and 54.67%, respectively, which were all increasing year by year (χ²=14.625, 9.818, 34.993, respectively, all P<0.05). There were 437 enterprises exceeded the standard, with an exceeding rate of 66.82%. From 2021 to 2023, the exceeding standard rates of post testing were 40.92%, 24.41%, 24.17%, respectively, which showed a decrease trend year by year (χ²=78.647, P<0.05), and increased with the decrease of enterprise size (χ²=10.093, P<0.05). Among the different kinds of occupational hazard factors, the exceeding rate of noise posts was the highest, the exceeding rates of dust posts and chemical agents’ posts showed a decrease trend year by year (χ²=72.219, 31.342, respectively, all P<0.05).

In recent years, the status of occupational disease hazards in key industries in Ji’an City has been improved, but the situation is still very serious. It is necessary to further strengthen and improve the prevention and control of occupational diseases to protect the occupational health rights and interests of workers.

To investigate the daily dietary nutrient intake and energy expenditure of university students in Sichuan, in order to understand the levels of dietary nutrient intake and physical activity among college students. To evaluate the adequacy of the students’ nutritional requirements by analyzing the intake and energy contribution of the three major macronutrients, as well as the daily energy expenditure and its composition from physical activities.

A convenient sample of 200 college students in a university of Sichuan were included in the study. Body mass index (BMI) and body fat ratio (BFR) were measured using a body composition analyzer. A three-day 24-hour dietary recall method was used to investigate dietary intake, while the Bouchard Physical Activity Diary and triaxial accelerometer AntiGraph wGT3X-BT were used to investigate subjects’ physical activity and energy expenditure.

The median daily energy intake was 2 237 kcal/d for male students and 1 620 kcal/d for female students. The median daily macronutrient intakes for males were: protein 81 g/d, fat 72 g/d, and carbohydrate 295 g/d,and for females: protein 65 g/d, fat 58 g/d, and carbohydrate 210 g/d. The macronutrient energy ratios were 53∶15∶32 for both genders. The median daily energy expenditure was 473 kcal/d for males and 309 kcal/d for females.

Male college students’ daily energy intake and expenditure are significantly higher than females. College students generally show issues of relatively insufficient energy intake, high fat intake, relatively low carbohydrate intake, and insufficient moderate to high-intensity exercise. College students generally lack moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Students should be encouraged to actively participate in physical activities to promote balanced diets and a healthy lifestyle.

To comprehensively analyze the occurrence, virulence characteristics, and molecular typing of Listeria monocytogenes (L.monocytogenes) isolated from ready-to-eat (RTE) food in Guangxi. By investigating the genetic attributes, antibiotic resistance and potential health risks of L.monocytogenes, this research contributes to our understanding of this pathogen.

We analyzed 158 isolates of L. monocytogenes from RTE foods collected in Guangxi between 2011 and 2020. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on all isolates and antimicrobial resistance were determined by broth microdilution.The study included the determination of sequence types (STs), serotype, serogroup, lineage, clonal complexes (CC), acquired resistance genes and the presence of L. monocytogenes pathogenicity islands (LIPIs).

Ready-to-eat meats had the highest detection rate of L.monocytogenes among RTE foods in Guangxi. The predominant serotypes were 1/2a, 3a.ST8/CC8 and ST87/CC87 were the dominant sequence types (STs) in RTE foods.All isolates were found to be susceptible to ampicillin(AMP), penicillin(PEN), tetracycline(TET), meropenem(MEM), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(SXT). Four isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Two isolates wereresistant to erythromycin and vancomycin respectively. Acquired antimicrobial phenotypes were tet (M), msr (D) and mef (A) of an isolate resistant to erythromycin. Most of the isolates carried actA (79.74%), inlF (48.73%), inlK (55.69%)and all isolates carried other virulence genes.46.20%(73/158)of the isolatesharboured 12 virulence genes.It can be a potential public health risk due to its high harboring rate of 17 or 18 virulence genes.

Ready-to-eat meats had the highest detection rate of L.monocytogenes among RTE foods in Guangxi.Acquired resistance genes and hypervirulence genes existed in this bacterium from RTE foods origins, and can be a major risk for consumers and public health.It was suggested that effective food safety measures should be implemented in RTE foods processing and service environments.

To analyze the nutritional intake and growth of infants and young children in the monitoring area of nutrition improvement project in Heilongjiang Province,in order to provide data support for the continuous and scientific promotion of children nutrition improvement project.

Infants and young children aged 6-23 months in 7 project monitoring counties in Heilongjiang Province were selected as the research objects, to monitor the incidence of malnutrition, overweight and obesity, anemia in infants and young children from 2019 to 2023, and to detect their length, weight and hemoglobin value, and analyze the nutrition and growth status of infants and young children.

A total of 10503 infants and young children aged 6-23 months were investigated in 7 monitoring counties from 2019 to 2023. Body weight andmean hemoglobin increased from 10.33 kg and 115 g/L in 2019 to 10.40 kg and 118 g/L in 2023, while body lengthdetection rates of malnutrition and anemia decreased from 8.2% and 29.4% in 2019 to 3.2% and 16.3% in 2023, while the detection rates of overweight and obesity increased from 6.9% in 2019 to 7.5% in 2023, decreasing by 60.98%, 44.56% and -8.70% respectively. Except for the detection rates of malnutrition and overweight obesity at 6-11 months and anemia at 18-23 months, there were significant differences in the detection rates of malnutrition, overweight obesity and anemia in infants of different months from 2019 to 2023(P<0.05).

Through the implementation of the nutrition improvement project for infants and young children aged 6-23 months, the nutritional intake and growth status of infants and young children in the monitoring areas of Heilongjiang Province have been significantly improved, and the project should be further promoted to benefit more infants and young children.

To explore the relationship between the dynamics of plant-based diets and mortality in Chinese older adults.

Based on the data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity and Happy Family Study (CLHLS), older adults who participated in the three surveys from 2011-2018 were selected. The HPDI and UPDI scores of the study participants were calculated in 2011 and 2014, respectively, and they were categorized into four groups based on the median of their two scores: low-low, low-high, high-low and high-high groups. Cox proportional risk regression models were used to analyze the relationship between the dynamics of plant-based diets and mortality in the elderly.

A total of 4 382 subjects were enrolled in this study, and 1 689 (38.5%) of them died during the 7-year follow-up period. The results of Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that after adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, and education, the risk of death in the high-high HPDI group was reduced by 17% (HR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.72-0.97), while the risk of death in the high-high UPDI group was increased by 29% (HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.11-1.49).

Older adults who maintain a healthy plant-based diet have a lower risk of death.

To observe the effects of breastfeeding on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in infants and how they affect the occurrence of infant allergies.

A nested case-control study was conducted in an existing mother-infant cohort. A total of 48 infants were selected as study subjects and divided into a healthy/allergic mixed feeding group and a breastfeeding group. Fecal samples were collected at 15 days, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months. The contents of three SCFAs in the samples were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the bifidobacteria in infant feces were quantitatively analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.

Feeding patterns mainly affected bifidobacteria at 15 days and 1 month. The bifidobacteria level in healthy mixed-fed infants was significantly higher than that in allergic mixed-fed infants at 15 days (7.75±0.60 CFU/g vs 6.28±0.28 CFU/g, t=2.232, P=0.047). At 1 month, the bifidobacteria level in healthy mixed-fed infants was higher than that in healthy breastfed infants (8.01±0.50 CFU/g vs 6.62±0.13 CFU/g, t=2.712, P=0.027). There were differences in the main SCFAs between healthy and allergic infants with different feeding patterns. On day 15, the acetic acid content in the healthy breastfeeding group was significantly higher than that in the allergic breastfeeding group and the healthy mixed feeding group (1 035.10 μg/g vs 285.55±90.64 μg/g, t=3.698, P=0.034; 1 035.10 μg/g vs 406.11±63.19 μg/g, t=3.148, P=0.014), and the propionic acid content in the healthy mixed feeding group was higher than that in the allergic mixed feeding group (128.00±32.24 μg/g vs 12.61±3.90 μg/g, t=3.553, P=0.007). At 6 and 12 months, the propionic acid content in the healthy mixed feeding group was lower than that in the allergic mixed feeding group. There were varying degrees of correlation between SCFAs and bifidobacteria in the intestines of healthy and allergic infants with different feeding patterns. In the healthy group, a simple and stable relationship between bifidobacteria and SCFAs was observed in mixed-fed infants, while in the allergic group, the relationship between SCFAs and bifidobacteria was complex and had no obvious pattern.

Feeding patterns affect the occurrence of infant allergies by influencing intestinal flora and SCFAs in infants. Mixed-fed infants are more prone to allergies, while breastfeeding has a significant protective effect on the intestines of allergic infants.

To explore the correlation between adolescents’ self-assessment of oral health and oral examination results assessed according to WHO-recommended standards and to analyze the factors influencing adolescents’ self-assessment of oral health.

A total of 2 146 adolescents aged 12 from 11 districts and counties in Guizhou Province were selected through multi-stage random sampling. Oral health examinations and a questionnaire survey were conducted according to the methods and standards of the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey. Kendall correlation analysis was used to compare the correlation between the results of the two evaluation methods. The chi-squared (χ²) test and ordered logistic regression analysis were employed to analyze the factors affecting adolescents’ self-assessment of oral health status.

There was a significant correlation between self-rated oral health and oral examination results. Statistical differences were observed in adolescents’ self-rated oral health based on different economic regions, brushing habits, general health evaluations, experiences of dental trauma, toothache, and the number of siblings (P<0.05).

Adolescents’ self-assessment of oral health can reflect their actual oral health status. It is recommended to focus on the key factors affecting adolescents’ oral health, promote and popularize proper brushing techniques, and improve the utilization rate of oral health services.

To study the effects of green space exposure combined with outdoor exercise duration on negative emotions (depression, anxiety and stress) among primary and secondary school students in Jiangsu Province.

A total of 19 903 primary and secondary school students in Jiangsus Province who met the criteria were randomly selected for inclusion in this study. Through the questionnaire survey, the demographic data of the research subjects and the information of negative emotions were collected. The annual average value of the Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the school environment of the study subjects was used as the spatial measurement of green space. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between green space exposure and outdoor exercise duration and negative emotions.

The detection rates of depression, anxiety and stress were 13.2% (2 631), 21.9% (4 367) and 9.7% (1 927) of the 19 903 participants, respectively. The range of NDVI is (0.19, 0.52); The correlation between green space exposure and outdoor exercise duration, individually or in combination, and the detection rate of negative emotions was generally similar in both regional and gender subgroups.

Expanding the exposure of green space and increasing the time of outdoor exercise can help alleviate the negative emotions of primary and secondary school students, and the research on green space exposure can provide effective measures for school health and psychological services.

To explore the current situation and influencing factors of medical students’ sleep quality, and to provide targeted intervention measures for improving sleep quality.

A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2884 medical students from September 2021 to January 2022 using a convenience sampling method. Multiple correspondence analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of medical students’ sleep quality.

The prevalence of poor sleep quality among medical students was 70.32%. The results of multiple correspondence analysis showed that female medical students, sophomores, those with poor self-rated interpersonal relationships and poor health-promoting lifestyles were more likely to have poor sleep quality. The results of multiple stepwise logistic regression analyses showed that four independent variables entered the regression equation, gender (OR_female=1.34,95% CI: 1.13-1.60), grade (OR_sophomore=2.23,95% CI: 1.72-2.88), self-rated interpersonal relationships (OR_poor=1.76,95% CI: 1.47-2.12) and health-promoting lifestyle (OR_poor=2.02, 95% CI: 1.70-2.39).

The prevalence of poor sleep quality among medical students is at a high level. There is a need to focus on sophomores and female students, and to take targeted interventions from the aspects of interpersonal relationship improvement and healthy lifestyle development to improve sleep quality.

To understand the adverse childhood experiences of middle school students in Huangpu District and the association and gender differences between sleep disorders, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control policies of sleep disorders.

A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) of middle school students, evaluate their overall sleep function, and investigate the childhood adverse experiences of 6 middle school students in Huangpu District. The detection rate of sleep disorders in different childhood adverse experiences exposure was compared using a chi square test. A binary logistic regression model was established to analyze the risk and gender differences between exposure to adverse childhood experiences and sleep disorders in middle school students.

This study analyzed a total of 6 710 students from 6 high schools in Huangpu District, Guangzhou, with 3 525 males and 3 185 females. The detection rate of sleep disorders was 18.0%. The detection rate of ACEs ranged from 1.3% (substance abuse among family members) to 38.9% (domestic violence). The results of the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that, except for the parental disability dimension, the risk of developing sleep disorders was increased in subjects with ACEs (OR=1.38-4.58). There was a dose-response relationship between the cumulative number of ACEs and the risk of sleep disorders. In addition, the risk intensity between emotional neglect and sleep disorders was significantly higher in girls than in boys, but there was no interaction between gender and the association between other types of ACEs or the cumulative number of ACEs and sleep disorders.

There is a significant association between ACEs exposure and sleep disorders among middle school students in Huangpu District, the incidence of sleep disorders in girls is higher than that in boys, and girls who were emotionally neglected during childhood have a higher risk of developing sleep disorders.