To study the core competence of the doctor of public health in China and provide theoretical references for standardizing the training system and optimizing the training path of the doctor of public health.

Literature research was used to analyze the connotation, characteristics and promotion path of the core competence of the doctor of public health in China.

The core competence of the doctor of public health in China includes four dimensions: attitude, knowledge, skill and accomplishment. The core competence of the doctor of public health has 8 characteristics: systematism, integration, value, pluralism, dynamics, heterogeneity, research and application. The measures to improve the core competence of the doctor of public health are formed from three levels: the national macro system, the middle mode of colleges or universities, and the individual micro path of students.

The measures to train highly qualified doctor of public health and improve the core competence of the doctor of public health should be implemented. It provides reference for the selection, training and assessment of the public health doctor in a scientific way.

To promptly identify common respiratory viruses causing infections and facilitate effective therapeutic interventions in resource-limited settings such as grassroots, clinics, border areas, and border defense, this study established a visual detection method based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology and CRISPR/Cas12a (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated 12a) system.

Initially, conservative sequences of each virus target were designed, and RPA primers along with single-strand guide RNAs (sgRNAs) were selected. Subsequently, the RPA technology was integrated with the CRISPR/Cas12a detection method for visual detection of influenza A virus, influenza B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, and human rhinovirus.

The detection method yielded results within 1.5 hours, with a sensitivity of 3.5 copies/μl plasmid, and exhibited no cross-reactivity between each virus target. In terms of detection accuracy, this method demonstrated higher consistency compared to the control Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, (qRT-PCR) method.

The visual detection method established in this study possesses good specificity and high sensitivity for the common five respiratory virus infections. It is suitable for on-site detection of common respiratory virus infections, especially in resource-limited environments, and holds promising clinical application prospects.

To explore the mediating effect of the number of chronic diseases and nighttime sleep duration on the relationship between somatic pain and depression in older adults, so as to provide reference for the improvement of older adults’ mental health.

Data from the China Health and Aged Care Tracking Survey (CHARLS) 2020 were used to explore the correlation between somatic pain, the number of chronic diseases, the number of hours of sleep at night, and depression among older adults by using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis, and the chain mediation effect was analyzed by using the Bootstrap method in the Process 4.1 program of SPSS.

A total of 4 109 study participants were included in this study, in which the depression detection rate was 46.90% and pain prevalence was 64.37%. The direct effect of somatic pain on depression was significant (β=0.480, 95%CI:0.429 to 0.532), the separate mediated effect of the number of chronic disease prevalence was significant (β=0.042,95%CI:0.030 to 0.056), and the separate mediated effect of the length of nocturnal sleep was significant (β=0.054, 95%CI:0.042 to 0.067). The chain-mediated effect of the number of chronic diseases and nighttime sleep duration was significant (β=0.002, 95%CI:0.001 to 0.004).

The number of chronic diseases and hours of nighttime sleep mediated the separate and chain-mediated effects between somatic pain and depression in older adults. Therefore, it is recommended to improve the geriatric health policy, incorporate geriatric pain assessment and management into the scope of basic public health services, focus on chronic disease management and sleep regulation in older adults, and realize the forward movement of depression prevention.

To analyze the risk factors for phlebitis caused by scalp vein indwelling needle infusion in children, providing a basis for reducing the clinical incidence of phlebitis.

We analyzed the medical records of 3 618 patients aged 0-24 months who received scalp vein indwelling needle infusion therapy at our hospital from January 2019 to June 2024. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for phlebitis and its severity associated with scalp vein indwelling needle infusion.

During scalp vein indwelling needle infusion therapy, 311 patients developed phlebitis, with an incidence rate of 8.60%. Among them, there were 175 cases in Grade 1, 89 cases in Grade 2, 39 cases in Grade 3, and 8 cases in Grade 4. Multivariate regression analysis showed that age≤12 months(OR=3.579, 95%CI: 1.055-12.135), indwelling needle retention time≥48 hours (OR=7.142, 95%CI: 2.426-21.030), unsuccessful venipuncture (OR=5.658, 95%CI: 1.278-25.044), junior nursing staff performing venipuncture (OR=3.747, 95%CI: 1.107-12.681), use of irritating drugs (OR=3.877, 95%CI: 1.719-8.744), daily infusion volume≥1L (OR=2.413, 95%CI: 1.066-5.465), infusion drug temperature<35℃ (OR=3.391, 95%CI: 1.044-11.012), infusion drug speed≥60 drops/min (OR=3.684, 95%CI: 1.675-8.100), and drug pH not between 5 and 9 (OR=6.527, 95%CI: 2.212-19.258) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of phlebitis due to scalp vein indwelling needle infusion (P<0.05). Multivariate ordinal logistic regression results for phlebitis grading showed that factors such as age, indwelling needle retention time, smoothness of the puncture process, seniority of medical staff, use of irritating drugs, daily infusion volume, and infusion drug temperature were positively correlated with the severity of phlebitis. The presence of these factors significantly increased the risk of children developing higher grades of phlebitis.

For younger patients undergoing scalp vein infusion therapy, it is recommended to promptly adjust drug pH and temperature, and appropriately assign experienced nursing staff to perform procedures to reduce the clinical risk of phlebitis.

Understand the current situation of palliative care services in Chengdu, analyze existing problems, and provide policy recommendations for further promoting the development of palliative care.

Relying on the Chengdu Municipal Palliative Care Quality Control Center to conduct a cross-sectional survey and collect city-wide data related to palliative care.

Thirty-three medical institutions provide palliative care services, offering a total of 512 beds, with 188 physicians, 325 nurses, 179 nursing aides, 59 social workers, and 145 volunteers. Medical staff with a master’s degree or higher and those with an associate senior title or higher account for 8.96% and 10.92%, respectively. The establishment rates of psychology and nutrition departments are 24.24% and 51.52%, respectively. Outpatient palliative care services include four items such as condition assessment and medication consultation, while inpatient services cover eight items including symptom control and comfort care. Home-based palliative care services consist of four items such as communication guidance and condition assessment. In 2022, a total of 2 295 palliative care patients were admitted, with an average length of stay of 18.02 days and an average cost per admission of 9 840 yuan.

There is a relative shortage of highly qualified health professionals in palliative care, a severe insufficiency in psychological and nutritional support services, and underutilization of palliative care resources. It is imperative to improve the palliative care service system, strengthen the training of specialized personnel, place greater emphasis on nutritional and psychological support services, and enhance the efficiency of palliative care resource utilization.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trend of respiratory infectious diseases in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou City, and provide reference for scientific prevention and control of children’s infectious diseases.

The surveillance data of respiratory infectious diseases in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2023 were collected through the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods and Joinpoint regression model were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trends of respiratory infectious diseases.

A total of 40 347 cases of 9 kinds of respiratory infectious diseases in children aged 0-14 years were reported in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2023, resulting in an average annual reported incidence rate of 743.60 per 100 000. The overall reported incidence rate showed an upward trend (APC=AAPC=14.576 6%, P<0.05).The incidence rate of the disease among male children was 811.70 /100 000, while the incidence rate among female children was 656.74 /100 000, indicating that the rate in male children was significantly higher (χ²=443.64, P<0.001). Among different populations, the number of reported cases was highest among students, totaling 21 043 cases (accounting for 52.40%). The incidence of respiratory infectious diseases had a seasonal pattern in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou. The peak of incidence was from November to December (12 031 cases, accounting for 30.2%), followed by May to June (8 113 cases, accounting for 20.36%) and March (4 556 cases, accounting for 11.46%). Except for COVID-19 infection, the top five reported cases were chickenpox (298.94/100 000), influenza (261.34/100 000), mumps (93.99/100 000), scarlet fever (70.7/100 000) and measles (5.99/100 000). The influenza (11 897 cases, accounting for 38.80%) ranked the first in urban area, and chickenpox (4 964 cases, accounting for 54.90%) ranked the first in county (district), the difference was statistically significant (χ²=1 034.46, P<0.05).

The overall incidence of respiratory infectious diseases showed an upward trend, and the incidence had obvious seasonal characteristics in children aged 0-14 years in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2023. Chickenpox and influenza were the main respiratory infectious diseases. Monitoring of pediatric respiratory infectious diseases was emphasized, with a focus on key populations and regions. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of respiratory infectious diseases in children, pay attention to key populations and key areas, and effectively control the spread of respiratory infectious diseases in children.

To analyze the dynamic trends in incidence and prevalence of periodontal disease in China from 1992-2021, quantify age, period, and cohort effects, and project future trends over the next two decades, thereby informing targeted prevention strategies.

Data were extracted from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study. Joinpoint Regression (JPR5.0.2) was employed to assess temporal trends in periodontal disease incidence and prevalence. Age-Period-Cohort (APC) modeling was applied to disentangle independent age, period, and cohort effects. Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) analysis was utilized to project incidence and prevalence from 2022 to 2041.

Between 1992 and 2021, the incidence and prevalence of periodontal diseases in China exhibited an overall upward trend, with an annual increase of 0.18% in incidence and 0.30% in prevalence, and higher rates observed in males than females. The APC model revealed that net age effects were positive across all age groups, with net changes of 0.61%(95%CI: 0.43-0.80) for incidence and 0.98%(95%CI: 0.81-1.15) for prevalence, showing an initial increase followed by a decline and subsequent rise. The highest incidence occurred in the 50-54 age group, while the highest prevalence was observed in the 60-64 age group. Using 2002-2006 as the reference period (RR=1), the risk of incidence and prevalence began to rise continuously around 2007, peaking at RR=1.04 (95%CI: 0.99-1.09) and RR=1.09 (95%CI: 1.05-1.13), respectively. For the birth cohort, using 1953—1957 as the reference (RR=1), the 1998-2002 birth cohort exhibited the highest risks for both incidence (RR=1.80, 95%CI: 1.14-2.84) and prevalence (RR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.01-3.46). Predictions indicated that the incidence and prevalence of periodontal diseases in China will continue to rise over the next 20 years.

China has experienced escalating periodontal disease burden since 1992, with marked age-dependent heterogeneity. Without effective interventions, incidence and prevalence are expected to rise rapidly through 2041, highlighting the need for heightened attention to its disease burden in public health planning.

To investigate the impact of chemical components in multi-size particulate matter on mortality risk from circulatory system diseases, and to provide evidence for establishing refined air pollution control strategies.

Based on mortality data for circulatory system diseases in Tianjin from 2019 to 2022, integrated with multi-size particulate matter component profiles and meteorological parameters, a generalized linear regression model based on quasi-Poisson distribution was constructed to quantitatively assess the differential contributions of particulate matter components across size ranges to mortality risk.

During the study period, 37 416 circulatory system disease deaths were recorded, with a weekly average mortality of 393.85±93.70 cases. The health effects of particulate matter were most pronounced in the 1.1- 2.1 μm size range, where a 1 interquartile range (IQR) increase was associated with a 6.83% (95%CI: 1.25%-12.72%) elevation in circulatory mortality risk. Component-specific analyses identified chloride ions, potassium, chromium, titanium, and cadmium as significantly correlated with circulatory mortality. Smaller particle sizes exhibited greater toxicity, with heightened sensitivity observed in females and individuals over 65 years old.

Particulate matter health effects demonstrate significant size-dependent characteristics, with diminishing particle sizes correlating to increased toxic complexity. Targeted control strategies are recommended, prioritizing metal components and secondary inorganic ions in particles below 2.5μm.

To explore the influencing factors of medical staff’s active reporting of adverse medical events by using Logistic regression and decision tree models, and to provide corresponding solutions.

A total of 811 medical workers in a tertiary hospital were investigated by random sampling. Logistic regression and decision tree model were used to analyze the factors of active reporting of medical adverse events by medical staff, and the area under ROC curve was calculated to compare and judge the analysis effect of the two models.

Only 55.1% of the medical staff in this hospital have voluntarily reported medical adverse events. The results of the two models showed that occupation, working years, knowledge of the reporting process of the hospital, and whether additional work would be added to the cumbersome reporting procedures were the influencing factors for the active reporting of medical staff (P<0.05). The AUC of Logistic regression model was greater than that of decision tree model, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=3.424, P<0.001).

The rate of active reporting of medical adverse events by medical staff in this hospital is relatively low. It is suggested that multiple measures be taken to promote the active reporting by medical staff.

To analyze the trends in the disease burden of schizophrenia among Chinese adolescents aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2021, reveal age, period, and cohort effects, and predict the disease burden trend from 2022 to 2030, providing a basis for formulating targeted prevention and control strategies.

Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease study, Joinpoint regression was used to analyze trends in age-standardized rates, an age-period-cohort model was applied to interpret age, period, and cohort effects on incidence and prevalence.

From 1990 to 2021, the incidence rate, prevalence rate, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rate of schizophrenia among Chinese adolescents showed a downward trend, decreasing from 33.64/100 000, 145.77/100 000, and 98.69/100 000 to 31.51/100 000, 133.55/100 000, and 90.80/100 000, with decline rates of 6.33%, 8.38%, and 8.00%, respectively. In contrast, the age-standardized incidence rate, prevalence rate, and DALY rate increased slowly at average annual growth rates of 0.05%, 0.13%, and 0.14%, respectively. The trend of age-standardized incidence rate could be divided into three periods: 1990-2008 (APC=-0.02%), 2005-2016 (APC=-0.28%), and 2016-2021 (APC=0.77%). The trend of age-standardized prevalence rate was divided into four periods: 1990-2004 (APC=-0.01%), 2004-2010 (APC=0.13%), 2010-2016 (APC=-0.14%), and 2016-2021 (APC=0.84%). The trend of age-standardized DALY rate was divided into four periods: 1990-2005 (APC=0.02%), 2005-2010 (APC=0.20%), 2010-2016 (APC=-0.16%), and 2016-2021 (APC=0.81%). The age-period-cohort model revealed that the risks of incidence and prevalence increased significantly with age (RR values for the 20-24-year-old group were 2.37 and 4.41, respectively, significantly higher than 0.30 and 0.17 in the 10-14-year-old group), showed a mild upward trend over time (RR values increased from 0.94 and 0.91 in 1990-1994 to 1.08 and 1.11 in 2020—2021), and decreased with later birth cohorts (RR values for the 1970-1974 birth cohort were 1.07 and 1.11, dropping to 0.96 and 0.92 in the 2010-2014 cohort).

From 1990 to 2021, the incidence, prevalence, and DALY rates of schizophrenia among Chinese adolescents showed a downward trend, while the standardized rates exhibited a slow upward trend. Age growth and temporal trends were key factors in risk elevation, while younger birth cohorts exhibited lower risks. Dynamic intervention strategies targeting adolescents are needed in the future, with particular attention to the rising age-standardized burden.