To investigate the level of cadmium in food sold in Nanshan District of Shenzhen, and to evaluate its exposure risk based on the dietary intake of residents in Shenzhen.

Using stratified random sampling method, 810 food samples sold in Nanshan district of Shenzhen city were collected from 2018 to 2022. The content of cadmium in the samples was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the test results were evaluated according to GB2762-2022 “Food Safety National Standard for Contaminants in Food”. Based on the residents’ dietary intake, point assessment, margin of safety (MOS), and chemical carcinogen risk model were used to evaluate the exposure risk of cadmium to residents’ health.

The average content of cadmium in 810 food samples was 0.325 mg/kg, the detection rate was 44.44% (360/810), and the over-standard rate was 6.17% (50/810). The average monthly dietary exposure of cadmium was 17.731 μg/(kg·BW), MOS > 1, R^c was 4.030 × 10^-5 per year, and the monthly high-end dietary exposure of cadmium was 38.536 μg/(kg·BW), MOS < 1, R^c was 8.740 × 10^-5 per year, suggesting that there was carcinogenesis risk through daily dietary intake.

There is cadmium contamination in food sold in Nanshan district of Shenzhen city. The health risk of residents exposed to cadmium through daily diet is low, but there is a health risk among people exposed to high-end diet. The relevant departments should strengthen the supervision of food sold in the market, especially rice and rice products, aquatic products, and vegetables, so as to control the health risk of dietary exposure to cadmium.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province from 2004 to 2022, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in Henan Province.

The annual morbidity and mortality data of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province from 2004 to 2022 were collated, and the average annual change percentage(AAPC) and annual change percentage (APC) of reported incidence and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province from 2004 to 2022 were calculated. The time change trend of notifiable infectious diseases was analyzed.

The total incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province showed an upward trend from 2004 to 2022 (AAPC=1.76%, P<0.05). After the increase, the total mortality decreased from 2007, and the APC was 64.90% and -4.50%, respectively (P<0.05). The incidence of hepatitis B increased first and then showed a downward trend since 2007, with APC of 23.15% and -8.28%, respectively (P<0.05). The AIDS mortality rate showed a slow downward trend from 2007 to 2020 (APC=-3.33%, P<0.05). The average annual morbidity and mortality of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases were higher than those of other routes of transmission, with an upward trend from 2004 to 2006 and a downward trend from 2007 to 2022. The APC was 33.12% and -3.36%, respectively (P<0.05).

Blood and sexual transmission are the main transmission routes of notifiable infectious diseases in Henan Province, and their morbidity and mortality have begun to decrease and remain at a relatively stable level in recent years. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken for key diseases such as pulmonary tuberculosis, hand-foot-mouth disease, other infectious diarrheal diseases, and AIDS.

To explore the causal relationship of postoperative fall fear, anxiety, and depression in elderly patients with hip fracture, and to provide reference basis for preventing fall fear and formulating individualized and phased intervention measures in elderly patients with hip fracture.

A total of 367 elderly patients with hip fracture hospitalized in the Department of Orthopedics of a tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou from January to July 2023 were selected by cluster sampling. The patients were investigated with the use of Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ- 9) at the first time of getting out of bed after operation (T0), 3 months after operation (T1), and 6 months after operation (T2). Mplus 8.3 was used for cross-lagged analysis to explore the causal relationship and action direction among fall fear, anxiety, and depression.

(1) Postoperative fall fear, anxiety, and depression in elderly patients with hip fracture decreased. Fall fear was positively correlated with anxiety and depression, and anxiety and depression were also positively correlated. (2) T0 fall fear positively predicted T1 anxiety, and T1 fall fear significantly predicted T2 anxiety (β₁=0.113, P<0.01; β₂=0.278, P<0.01). (3) T0 fall fear significantly positively predicted T1 depression, and T1 fall fear significantly predicted T2 depression (β₃=-0.133, P<0.05; β₄=-0.124, P<0.05). (4) T0 anxiety significantly positively predicted T1 depression, and T1 anxiety significantly positively predicted T2 depression (β₅=-0.119, P<0.05; β₆=-0.136, P<0.05).

There is a causal relationship between postoperative fall fear, anxiety, and depression in elderly patients with hip fracture. Prevention of depression can start with their fall fear by actively helping elderly patients with hip fracture reduce fall fear, which is beneficial to their physical and mental health after operation.

To investigate the effects of age combinations and fertility assessment results on the clinical pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) / intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

A retrospective cohort was established based on the data of 5 104 cycles of IVF-ET/ICSI transplantation from 11 assisted reproductive institutions in the east, central, and west regions. According to the age registered at the first fertility evaluation, the couples were divided into group A (female < 35, male < 40), group B (female < 35, male ≥ 40), group C (female ≥ 35, male < 40), and group D(female ≥ 35, male ≥ 40). The results of clinical pregnancy rate and first fertility among the four groups were compared by Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA.

The clinical pregnancy rates of the four age groups treated with IVF-ET were 58.23%, 54.12%, 40.57%, and 30.70%, respectively (χ²=167.214, P < 0.001), and those of ICSI were 59.29%, 62.5%, 49.07%,and 34.31%, respectively (χ²=23.834, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate between the two treatments of IVF-ET/ICSI between group A and group B (χ²=0.574, P_IVF-ET=0.449, χ²=0.099, PICSI=0.754) but the clinical pregnancy rate of group C was significantly higher than that of group D in the two treatments of IVF-ET/ICSI, which was (χ²=11.581, P_IVF-ET=0.001; χ²=4.695, P_ICSI=0.03).

When the woman is less than 35 years old, the age of the man has no significant effect on the clinical pregnancy rate treated with IVF-ET/ICSI. When the woman is ≥ 35 years old, the clinical pregnancy rate of the man < 40 years old receiving IVF-ET/ICSI is significantly higher than that of the man ≥ 40 years old, which suggests that if the couple with fertility intention is in the age range of ≥ 35 years old for woman and < 40 years old for man, they should actively evaluate the fertility and choose the appropriate medical treatment plan in time.

To analyze the correlation between the age at menarche(AAM) and the incidence of hypertension.

Based on the baseline data of 1 499 women from a national key research and development program “Natural population cohort study of heavy air pollution in Sichuan basin” in Rongchang District, 4 townships were randomly selected in 2018. Questionnaire survey, physical examination, and blood biochemical tests were carried out among the people aged 30 to 79 who were registered in the selected townships. The correlation and sensitivity between AAM and hypertension were analyzed by logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline was drawn by software R4.1.1.

The AAM of 1 499 female subjects was 14.31±2.06 years old, and the prevalence rate of hypertension was 36.62%. The prevalence rates of hypertension of ≤ 12 years old, 13 years old, 14 years old, 15 years old, and ≥ 16 years old were 22.88%, 27.02%, 33.33%, 45.61%, and 52.63%, respectively, showing an upward trend (trend χ²=52.198, P<0.001). After adjusting the confounding factors, compared with the 14 years old group in the control group, ≤ 12 years old (OR=0.793, 95%CI: 0.684-0.918), 13 years old (OR=0.865, 95%CI: 0.468-0.935), 15 years old (OR=1.513, 95%CI: 1.117-2.050), and ≥ 16 years old (OR=1.801, 95%CI: 1.483-2.118) were associated with hypertension. The restriction cubic spline showed that there was a non-linear dose-response relationship between AAM and hypertension (P<0.001), and the later AAM was associated with the high risk of hypertension. Sensitivity analysis showed that the correlation between AAM and hypertension still existed in different birth cohorts and BMI groups.

The later AAM may increase the risk of hypertension in adults. Strengthening health education and improving behavior and lifestyle are beneficial to the prevention and treatment of hypertension in women.

To investigate the relationship between the intake of flavonoids in diet and total bone mineral content in human body.

Adults aged 20 to 59 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2017 to 2018 were selected as research subjects. A multivariate linear regression model was constructed to explore the relationship between dietary flavonoid intake and total bone mineral content adjusting gender, age, race, education level, marital status, economic status, BMI, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

A total of 2 110 participants were included in the study, with the ratio of male to female 1:1. The average total mineral content was 2 341.4 g, and the median intake of total flavonoids in diet was 74.45 mg. After adjusting for sex, age, race, education, marital status, economic status, BMI, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, the linear regression model showed that the total bone mineral content of the whole body was positively correlated with dietary isoflavone intake (β=0.68, 95%CI:0.26-1.09), and there was a dose-response relationship (P_trend=0.001). In addition, the results of subgroup analysis showed that the positive correlation was stronger in men (β_male=1.39, 95%CI: 0.67-2.11 vs. β_Female=0.18, 95%CI: -0.31 to 0.67, P_inter=0.038).

the intake of isoflavones in diet may increase the content of total bone minerals in human body, but whether there is a gender difference needs to be further explored.

To compare the fitting effect of ARIMA model and grey model (GM) (1,1) in the under five mortality rate(U5MR) in Shenzhen, and to predict the U5MR in Shenzhen in the next 3 years, so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of child health care plan.

Taking the U5MR in Shenzhen from 2005 to 2022 as the original data, ARIMA model and GM (1,1) model were constructed to fit the child mortality rate. The mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were used to compare the fitting effect of the two models.

From 2005 to 2022, the U5MR in Shenzhen showed a downward trend, lower than the national average. The MAE of the constructed ARIMA model and GM (1,1) model was 0.30 and 0.24, respectively, and the MAPE was 11.53% and 8.73%, respectively. The fitting effect of the GM (1,1)model was good. The U5MR in Shenzhen from 2023 to 2025 would be 1.27 ‰, 1.18 ‰, and 1.09 ‰, respectively, predicted by GM (1,1) model.

The fitting effect of GM (1, 1) model on U5MR in Shenzhen is better than that of ARIMA model, and it is predicted that the U5MR in Shenzhen will decrease year by year in the next 3 years.

To evaluate the relationship between alcohol consumption and hyperuricemia in natural population in southwest China, and to further explore the mediating effect of blood lipid level on the relationship between alcohol consumption and hyperuricemia.

Based on the baseline data (2018 to 2019) and the first-round follow-up data (2020 to 2021) of the natural population cohort study in southwest China, a multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between alcohol consumption and hyperuricemia. The potential mediating effect of serum lipids was evaluated by causal mediation analysis.

A total of 1 615 people were enrolled in this study, including 162 new cases of hyperuricemia. Each 10g/d increase in pure alcohol intake was positively correlated with the risk of hyperuricemia (OR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.08-1.37). High density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) partially mediated the relationship between alcohol consumption and hyperuricemia, with mediating effects of 16.58% (95%CI: 5.64%-54.01%) and 6.98% (95% CI:1.12%-24.84%), respectively.

The increase of alcohol consumption can increase the risk of hyperuricemia. HDL-C and TG are important mediating factors between alcohol consumption and hyperuricemia. Our study shows that the occurrence and development of hyperuricemia can be prevented by reducing alcohol consumption and controlling blood lipids.

To investigate the cardiovascular health status and influencing factors of children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 in five provinces and cities of China.

From April to November 2022, 9 schools (including 4 primary schools and 5 middle schools) were selected from Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangxi, and Hunan provinces. In total 2 166 students from the third grade of primary school to the third grade of senior high school were enrolled in the study. The methods of data collection included questionnaire, physical measurement, and laboratory test. According to the revised American Heart Association standard, cardiovascular health was evaluated by four health behavior indicators (smoking, BMI, physical exercise, and dietary evaluation) and three health factors (total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose). The indicators were divided into ideal, moderate, and poor levels. The total average score of 7 indexes was calculated and divided into low, medium, and high-risk grades according to the score. Multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of cardiovascular health status of children and adolescents.

Students with 7 ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors accounted for 1.8%, and those with more than 5 ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors accounted for 48.7%. The proportion of girls with 2 or 4 cardiovascular health behaviors was significantly higher than that of boys (P=0.025). The proportion of children and adolescents from township and rural areas with 2 to 4 cardiovascular health behaviors, 2 to 3 cardiovascular health factors, and 4 to 7 cardiovascular health behaviors and factors were significantly higher than those from urban areas (P< 0.05). There were significant differences in the total average scores of cardiovascular health indexes among age, sex, sleep duration, urban and rural areas, regions, and income levels (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that long sleep time, female, rural area, and family income were positively correlated with the decrease of cardiovascular risk of children and adolescents, while the increase of age and the decrease of cardiovascular risk of children and adolescents in the south were negatively correlated.

The cardiovascular health of children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 in five provinces and cities of China is generally at the middle level, and the proportion of 7 ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors is low. In the future, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of children and adolescents aged 12 to 17 years with short sleep time, urban, southern, and low family income, so as to improve cardiovascular health.

To investigate the intervention effect of Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) on atopic dermatitis (AD) induced by 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene (DNCB) in mice and the effect of intestinal flora.

In total 72 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into high and low dose live bacteria group, pasteurization group, model group, and blank group, with 12 mice in each group. The AD mouse model was established by DNCB, and different doses of AKK living bacteria and Pasteurella multicide were intragastrically administered for 4 weeks. The skin lesions, splenomegaly, and skin histopathology of mice in each group were observed, the level of serum IgE was measured, and the expression levels of IL-4 and IFN- γ on mRNA transcription and protein in back skin tissue were detected. The fecal samples of mice were collected and 16SrRNA sequencing was used to understand the changes in the structure and abundance of intestinal microflora.

After AKK intervention, the skin lesions, splenomegaly, and skin pathological damage of AD mice were not significantly improved, the level of serum IgE increased, the level of IL-4 decreased except the mRNA transcription level of low dose live bacteria group, and the expression of IFN- γ increased at mRNA and protein levels in low dose live bacteria group and high dose inactivated group.

Although AKK did not significantly improve the skin lesions of AD mice, it alleviated the inflammatory reaction in mice to some extent and improved the diversity and structure of intestinal flora.