To elucidate antibacterial effects and mechanism of Rosa sertata×Rose rugosa methanol extraction (RME) against extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP).

Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of RME against various ESBL-KP strains were determined by micro broth dilution method. Impact of RME on the growth, cell membrane and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) activity of ESBL-KP was evaluated by growth and time-kill curves, scanning electron microscopy and nitrocefin hydrolysis test, seperately. Components of the extracts were analyzed using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF MS).

The MIC of RME was 1 mg/ml for standard strains and 8-32 mg/ml for ESBL-producing strains. Concentrations of RME at 1/4 MIC, 1/2 MIC, and MIC could inhibit bacterial growth, with higher concentrations showing stronger effects. For D141 strain, treatment with RME at 4MIC concentration for 4 hours resulted in cell membrane collapse, bacterial agglutination, and a 77.49% inhibition rate of ESBLs activity; no bacterial growth was observed after 24 hours of this treatment. Totally, 1 550 compounds were identified in RME, with quinic acid, tricoumaroyl spermidine, thioetheramide-PC, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside being the predominant components.

RME can inhibit and kill ESBL-KP through disrupting its cell membrane and inhibiting the enzymatic activity of ESBLs, which provided a scientific basis for further research on Rosa sertata × Rosa rugosa.

To compare the effects of different sample pretreatment methods on the determination of six elements [iron (Fe),copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and strontium (Sr)] in whole blood by ICP-MS, so as to optimize the pretreatment process of whole blood samples and improve the accuracy and reliability of detection.

Appropriate amounts of whole blood samples were taken. The collision mode was applied to eliminate interference, and quality control samples were used for quality control. The detection effects of sample pretreatment methods including microwave digestion, protein precipitation with 5% nitric acid followed by centrifugation, direct dilution with 0.1% HNO₃ + 0.01% Triton X-100, and dilution with 0.1% HNO₃ + 0.01% Triton X-100 followed by centrifugation were compared.

When the samples were pretreated by protein precipitation with 5% nitric acid followed by centrifugation, the detection results of iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and strontium in the centrifuged supernatant were found to be low, and the effects on iron, manganese and nickel were the most significant. In addition, when the HNO₃ concentration was 0.2% - 1% (V/V), the measured contents of iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and strontium after dilution followed by centrifugation were all lower than those by direct dilution method and microwave digestion method. When the HNO₃ concentration was 0.1% (V/V),there was no significant difference between the results of direct dilution and dilution followed by centrifugation of the six elements compared with the microwave digestion method. Finally, dilution with 0.1% HNO₃ + 0.01% Triton X-100 (V/V) followed by centrifugation was used as the pretreatment condition. The method detection limits of the six elements were between 0.10 μg/L and 0.24 mg/L, the correlation coefficients r was all greater than 0.999, and the measured values of the quality control samples were consistent with the standard reference values.

Compared with other pretreatment methods, using 0.1% HNO3 +0.01% Triton X-100 (V/V) dilution followed by centrifugation as the pretreatment condition is simple, fast and accurate, and can be applied to the determination of iron, copper, manganese, nickel, zinc and strontium in whole blood.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Hepatitis A (HA) and Hepatitis E (HE) in Huai’an City,Jiangsu Province from 2004 to 2023, providing a scientific basis for infectious disease prevention and control in the region.

Case report data for HA and HE from 2004 to 2023 in Huai’an city were extracted from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System for descriptive analysis.

From 2004 to 2023, a total of 1 956 cases of HA were reported in Huai’an city, accounting for 4.14% of viral hepatitis cases, with an average annual incidence rate of 1.97 per 100 000 population.Join point regression analysis indicated a significant overall declining trend in HA incidence from 2004 to 2023, with an Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) of -12.816% (P=0.016), with inflection points identified in 2006, 2015, and 2018. The peak months for HA cases were March to June and August; the male-to-female incidence ratio was 2.04, with the highest number of cases reported in the age group of 50 to <55 years. Farmers constituted the largest occupational group, accounting for 72.65% (1 421 cases). During the same period, a total of 3 097 cases of HE was reported, accounting for 6.55% of viral hepatitis cases, with an average annual incidence rate of 3.12 per 100 000 population. Join point regression analysis showed a significant overall increasing trend in HE incidence from 2004 to 2023, with an AAPC of 9.266% (P=0.001) and inflection points in 2011 and 2020.The peak months for HE cases were January to May; the male-to-female incidence ratio was 2.93, with the highest number of cases reported in the age group of 55 to <60 years. Farmers also represented the highest occupational group, accounting for 74.91%(2 320 cases).

From 2004 to 2023, HA showed a declining trend while HE exhibited an increasing trend in Huai’an city. Future efforts should focus on implementing vaccination strategies and prioritizing farmers as a key population for comprehensive prevention and control measures to effectively manage the spread of HA and HE.

To explore the potential causal relationship between Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) and thyroid diseases using a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Data were sourced from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), obtaining samples and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to SS and thyroid diseases, which included hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, goiter, Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), Graves’ Disease (GD), and thyroid carcinoma (THCA). The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was employed as the primary analysis approach, supplemented by the weighted median method (WME) and MR-Egger regression model for MR analysis, along with sensitivity analyses to ensure the robustness of results. The Bonferroni method was used to correct for multiple testing, with a correction threshold set at P=0.008(0.05/6), considering P-values between 0.008 and 0.05 as potentially relevant.

Genetically predicted SS was found to have a positive causal relationship with the risk of hypothyroidism (IVW: OR=1.372, 95%CI: 1.124-1.674) and HT (IVW: OR=1.254, 95%CI: 1.142-1.377). SS was not associated with an increased or decreased risk of hyperthyroidism (IVW: OR=1.435,95%CI: 1.012-2.036), goiter (IVW: OR=0.933, 95%CI: 0.838-1.040), GD (MR-Egger: OR=4.094, 95%CI: 2.818-5.947), or THCA (IVW: OR=1.057, 95%CI: 0.866-1.29). Hyperthyroidism (IVW: OR=1.950, 95% CI: 0.776-1.163), hypothyroidism (IVW: OR=1.149, 95%CI: 0.93-1.42), goiter (IVW: OR=0.992, 95%CI: 0.85-1.157), HT (IVW: OR=1.532, 95%CI: 1.055-2.225), GD (IVW: OR=1.041, 95%CI: 0.728-1.488), and THCA (IVW: OR=0.987, 95%CI: 0.874-1.114) were not found to increase or decrease the risk of SS.

Genetically predicted SS is a risk factor for hypothyroidism and HT. There is no association between SS and the risk of hyperthyroidism, goiter, GD, or THCA.

To evaluate the current status and development trends of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in China, providing decision support for policy adjustments by government and health departments.

Data extraction from the 2024 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database was conducted for indicators related to the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of IBD in China. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the Annual Percent Change (APC) and the Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC). Additionally, an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model (ARIMA) was employed to forecast disease characteristics from 2022 to 2031.

From 1990 to 2021, the number of prevalent cases, incident cases, and deaths from IBD in China, as well as the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) showed an upward trend. By 2021, these figures stood at 168077 prevalent cases, 24 941 new cases, and 5 640 deaths, with ASPR and ASIR reaching 9.16 per 100 000 people and 1.4 per 100 000 people, respectively, representing a significant increase compared to 1990 levels. Meanwhile, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) exhibited a downward trend, standing at 0.33 per 100 000 people and 7.68 per 100 000 person-years in 2021, with notable differences observed across age groups and genders. The ARIMA model predicted that by 2031, the ASPR, ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR would decrease compared to 2021 levels, projecting figures of 5.23 per 100 000 people, 1.20 per 100 000 people, 0.21 per 100 000 people, and 5.41 per 100 000 person-years, respectively.

Currently, the incidence and prevalence of IBD in China are on the rise. Although this trend may change over the next decade, given China’s large population base and demographic structure, it is essential to strengthen primary and secondary prevention efforts among key populations, particularly males and the elderly.

To investigate the association between changes in frailty status and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF).

Based on questionnaire data and anthropometric data collected from the baseline and second repeat surveys of the UK Biobank (UKB), frailty status was assessed by the Fried frailty phenotype, categorized as non-frailty, pre-frailty or frailty, and changes in frailty status were assessed by combining frailty status at baseline and at the second repeat survey. The association between change in frailty status and new-onset AF was assessed using a Cox proportional risk model, and subgroup analyses were performed according to frailty status at the time of the second repeat survey by sex, age, overweight, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes.

A total of 56 394 study participants were included. In the non-frailty group, the risk of AF in those who progressed from non-frailty to pre-frailty or frailty was 1.23 times higher than in those who did not change (HR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.05-1.44, P=0.010). In the pre-frailty group, those who recovered to non-frailty and those who developed frailty had 0.74 (HR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.60-0.93, P=0.009) and 1.71 (HR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.16-2.54, P=0.007) times the risk of developing AF compared with the unchanged population, respectively. In the frailty group, the risk of AF was 0.38 times higher in those who returned to pre-frailty or non-frailty than in those who remained unchanged (HR=0.38, 95% CI: 0.16-0.87, P=0.022).

Worsening of frailty status increases the risk of AF occurrence, whereas recovery from frailty status decreases the risk of AF occurrence.

Toevaluate the association between insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using the insulin resistance metabolic score (METS-IR).

The study included 1 315 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2017 to 2018, including 740 people with NAFLD and 575 people without NAFLD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between METS-IR and the risk of developing NAFLD. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis was performed to examine dose-response relationship after adjustment. Finally, receiver operatingcharacteristic curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of METS-IR for NAFLD.

The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that each unit increase in METS-IR was associated with a 7% higher risk of developing NAFLD (OR=1.07; 95% CI:1.02-1.11). When categorizing METS-IR into quartiles, individuals in the highest quartile had a 3.35 times increased risk compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR=4.35;95% CI:1.38-13.75), showing a significant trend (P-trend <0.05). When the cutoff value is 39.767, the area under the ROC curve for METS-IR in diagnosing NAFLD was 0.788 (SE=0.0126; 95% CI:0.764-0.809).

There is a positive correlation between METS-IR and risk of developing NAFLD, suggesting that it could be used as a potential indicator in the diagnosis of NAFLD.

This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and ischemic stroke (IS) through Mendelian randomization (MR) and to identify key interacting genes using bioinformatics methods.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with exposure factors were selected as instrumental variables. The random-effects inverse-variance weighted method (IVW) was used as the main analysis method of MR analysis, and the odds ratio (OR) evaluated the causal association of HT and IS. The HT and IS datasets were downloaded from the GEO database. HT data were subjected to Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential analysis and screened for overlapping genes between the two diseases by intersection of differential genes in IS. Hub genes were obtained by intersecting the top 20 genes in the five algorithms of the Cytoscape software cytoHubba package. LASSO regression was applied to identify key comorbidity genes.

IVW results showed that HT was a risk factor for the development of IS (OR=1.087, 95% CI: 1.001-1.181, P=0.048) while IS did not increase the risk of HT (OR=1.159, 95% CI: 0.899-1.494, P=0.256). Integration analysis of HT and IS data identified 102 overlapping genes. A total of 11 Hub genes were identified by the five algorithms. LASSO regression ultimately identified SERBP1 and WDR75 as key comorbidity genes.

This study demonstrates that HT may be a risk factor for the development of IS through MR analysis and identified SERBP1 and WDR75 as key comorbidity genes for HT with IS using bioinformatics methods, which may be the potential therapeutic target for HT patients with IS.