To investigate the prevalence of chronic pain in the elderly in Nanshan Pastoral area of Xinjiang, explore the influence of chronic pain degree on cognitive function, and the mediating role of depression and frailty.

From June 2022 to February 2023, 1 045 elderly patients ≥60 in Nanshan Pastoral area of Xinjiang were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling method. The General Information Questionnaire, Pain Numerical Rating Scale, Geriatric Depression Assessment Scale, Tilburg Frailty Scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale were used to conduct the questionnaire survey.

The prevalence rate of chronic pain in the elderly in Nanshan pastoral area of Xinjiang was 67.27% (703/1 045). The degree of chronic pain was positively correlated with depression and frailty (r=0.472, 0.512, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with cognitive function (r=-0.432, P<0.01). Depression and frailty had significant mediating effect between chronic pain degree and cognitive function. The intermediate effects were -0.134 (95% CI:-0.194--0.074) and -0.145 (95% CI: -0.193--0.101), respectively. The mediating effect of depression-debilitation chain was also significant, and the mediating effect size was -0.121 (95% CI:-0.165--0.083). The total indirect effect of depression and frailty on the degree of chronic pain and cognitive function was -0.400, accounting for 53.33% of the total effect.

The degree of chronic pain not only directly affects the cognitive function of the elderly in Nanshan pastoral area of Xinjiang, but also indirectly affects the cognitive function through the independent mediating effect of depression and frailty and the chain mediating effect of depression and frailty.

To construct an evaluation index system of information literacy for public health personnel, and to provide reference for assessing the level of information literacy of public health personnel.

The indicator pool of the indicator system was constructed through the literature research method and combining with the actual work, 19 experts in related fields were invited to conduct two rounds of expert consultation by the Delphi method, so as to determine the final indicators, and the weights of indicators at all levels were determined by the hierarchical analysis method.

The positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were greater than 90%, and the expert authority coefficients were 0.895 and 0.922. The expert Kendall coordination coefficients were 0.152 and 0.121, respectively P<0.001, and the differences were all statistically significant. Through two rounds of expert consultation, the evaluation index of information literacy of public health personnel constructed by 4 first-level indicators, 15 second-level indicator systems and 38 third-level indicators of information awareness, information knowledge, information competence and information utilization ethics were finalized.

The index system has certain reliability and scientificity, and can provide a reference basis for measuring the information literacy level of public health personnel.

To investigate the sedentary behavior of middle-aged and elderly non-diabetic population in Lanzhou and explore its correlation with insulin resistance (IR).

A cluster random sampling method was used to select residents aged 40-75 years from the survey data of the "REACTION Study" conducted between 2014 and 2016 in Lanzhou. A total of 3 609 individuals who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. The sedentary time was divided into <3 h/d, 3-5 h/d and ≥5 h/d groups. Insulin resistance was diagnosed using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between sedentary behavior and IR, while subgroup analysis explored this relationship among different population subgroups.

The average daily sedentary time for study population was found to be approximately 4.00±1.92 h/d, with an overall prevalence rate of IR at 25.0%. The prevalence rates of IR for those with a sedentary time <3 h/d, 3-5 h/d and ≥5 h/d were observed as follows: 21.7%, 24.9% and 31%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ²=24.447, P<0.05). After adjusting for various confounding factors through logistic regression analysis, it was revealed that compared with sedentary <3 h/d, sedentary ≥5 h/d was a risk factor for the prevalence of IR (OR=1.468, 95% CI:1.168-1.845, P<0.05). Subgroup analysis indicated that only within subgroups consisting of individuals aged≥65 years old (OR=1.060,95% CI:1.005-1.118), insufficient physical activity (OR=1.071, 95% CI:1.017-1.128), hyperlipidemia (OR=1.071,95% CI:1.001-1.145), no hyperuricemia (OR=1.062, 95% CI:1.010-1.117), fatty liver (OR=1.133, 95% CI:1.038-1.237), and WC≥85 cm (OR=1.079, 95% CI:1.017-1.144), increased sedentary time was associated with increased risk of IR (all P<0.05).

Sedentary behavior is positively associated with the occurrence of IR in middle-aged and elderly non-diabetic population.However, the findings may vary across populations with distinct characteristics.

To investigate the relationship between serum cystatin C (CysC) levels and the risk of frailty.

This study used data from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Through questionnaires and physical examination, 32 items of information were collected from the respondents, such as illness, ability to perform daily activities to calculate the frailty index (FI) to assess the state of frailty. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between CysC levels and frailty, while restricted cubic spline was used to analyse the non-linear relationship.

A total of 6 941 adults aged 45 years and older, with a mean age of 59.2±9.8 years, 48.1% of whom were male, were included in the study, with a total of 1 004 (14.5%) experiencing frailty. After adjusting for confounders in the multivariate logistic regression model, the risk of developing frailty in the group with the highest CysC level (T3) was 2.13 times higher than that in the group with a lower CysC (T1) (OR =2.13, 95% CI: 1.75-2.60). When CysC was used as a continuous variable, the risk of frailty increased 1.89-fold for each unit increase in CysC. Restricted cubic spline function analyses showed an approximately "J" shaped relationship between CysC levels and the risk of debility (P _non-linear<0.05), the risk of frailty increased significantly with increasing CysC levels when CysC levels were ≥1.05 mg/L.

CysC levels are closely related to frailty, and there is a nonlinear relationship between them.

To investigate the causal association between estrogen and breast cancer incidence and mortality risk.

Using summary data from genome-wide association studies, with estradiol representing estrogen, genetic variants associated with estradiol were utilized as instrument variables.Employing the univariate Mendelian randomization method, the causal association between estradiol and the risk ofincidence (4 outcomes), as well as the risk of mortality (6 outcomes) of female breast cancer and its subtypes, were assessed by the inverse variance-weighted method.

The results revealed that elevated levels of estradiol (≥175 pmol/L)were associated with an increased risk of overall breast cancer (OR=1.43,95% CI:1.27-1.60,P=2.92×10^-9), estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer (OR=1.41, 95% CI:1.25-1.60, P=2.16×10^-8), and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer (OR=1.49, 95% CI:1.29-1.72, P=6.92×10^-8) incidence. However, there was no evidence that elevated levels of estradiol were the risk factors for triple-negative breast cancer incidence. Moreover, overall breast cancer and its subtypes mortality risks were not shown to be causally related to estradiol.

Elevated estrogen levels (≥175 pmol/L) are associated with an increased risk of overall breast cancer, estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer, and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer incidence.

To investigate the relationship between 24-hour urinary sodium, urinary potassium, sodium-potassium ratio and microalbuminuria among people in elderly care institutions.

Questionnaire survey, physical examination, blood and 24 h urine samples collection were carried out in the elderly people of 16 elderly care institutions in southeastern Shanxi from September 2017 to November 2017, which were selected using the random cluster sampling method. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between 24 h urinary sodium excretion, urinary potassium excretion, sodium-potassium ratio and MAU.

A total of 502 subjects including 467 males (93.03%) and 33 MAU (6.57%) were included in this study (average age: 65.77±8.54 years old). The 24 h urinary sodium excretion was (193.02±87.64) mmol, urinary potassium excretion was (27.95±15.02) mmol, and the sodium-potassium ratio was (7.44±2.62), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that group with the highest urinary sodium excretion and the sodium-potassium ratio (Q4) compared to the lowest group (Q1) was associated with an increased risk of MAU (OR=4.026, 95% CI: 1.045-15.515; OR=4.043, 95% CI: 1.252-13.057).

The 24-hour urinary sodium and sodium-potassium ratio are positively associated with the prevalence of MAU, while 24-hour urinary potassium is not related to the prevalence of MAU.

To evaluate the dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis in minority populations in Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou Province.

Based on the cross-sectional survey data of the "China Multi-ethnic Cohort Study", 17 084 adults aged 30-79 from the Buyi, Dong and Miao ethnic groups in Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou Province were included. The association between obesity indicators and cholelithiasis was analyzed using logistic regression models, and their dose-response relationship with cholelithiasis was studied using restricted cubic spline models.

The overall prevalence of cholelithiasis in Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions was 9.0%, with women at 9.6% higher than men at 7.5%. There were statistically significant differences between the cholelithiasis group and the non-cholelithiasis group in terms of gender, age, ethnicity, smoking history, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, BMI, LAP, VAI, WHtR, WHR, WC, weight, TG, HDL-C and GLU (P<0.001). Compared to the non-cholelithiasis group, the cholelithiasis group had higher age, weight, TG, GLU, BMI, VAI, LAP, WHtR, WHR, WC. In the logistic regression model, after adjusting for confounding factors, BMI, WC, WHtR, LAP, WHR were all statistically significant. As the values of obesity indicators increased, the risk of cholelithiasis also increased. Further analysis of their dose-response relationship revealed a nonlinear increasing trend in the association strength with cholelithiasis as the levels of BMI (P Nonlinear=0.004 6), LAP (P Nonlinear=0.000 4), WC (P Nonlinear=0.042 2), WHR (P Nonlinear=0.021) increased. As the level of WHtR (P Nonlinear=0.210 7) increased, the association strength with cholelithiasis showed a linear increasing trend.

Among the ethnic minorities in the Qiannan and Qiandongnan regions of Guizhou, there is a linear and nonlinear dose-response relationship between obesity indicators and gallstone disease. Advocating for residents to strengthen obesity control and prevention is an important means to reduce the incidence of gallstone disease.

To explore the relationship between Internet use and cognitive function in the elderly.

Based on the data of China Family Panel Survey (CFPS) in 2020, the IADL scale and the mobile center self-rating depression scale were used to measure the disability status and depression status of the elderly. Two-column correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation. This paper constructed a multiple mediating effect model to study the mediating path of the impact of Internet use on the cognitive function of the elderly.

After controlling for age, gender, marital status, and intergenerational support, the regression results showed that the use of the network had a significant direct impact on the cognitive function of the elderly (β=0.688, t=7.36, P<0.001), and depression and disability significantly affected the cognitive function of the elderly (β=-0.018, t=-2.696, P<0.05; β= -0.114, t=-4.83, P<0.001). The results of mediating effect analysis showed that the simple mediating effects of depression and disability between Internet use and cognitive function of the elderly were 0.044 (95% CI: 0.011 3-0.083 4) and 0.040 (95% CI:0.015 8-0.064 2), respectively, and the chain mediating effect was 0.006 (95% CI:0.000 4-0.013 2).

Depression and disability status have a mediating effect between whether or not to use the network and the cognitive function of the elderly, and depression and disability have a chain mediating effect in whether or not to use the network to affect the cognitive function of the elderly. With the popularization of the Internet, we should promote the use of the Internet in the elderly, and pay attention to the physical and mental health of the elderly, so as to protect the cognitive function of the elderly and delay or prevent the occurrence of cognitive impairment in the elderly.

To explore the role and mechanism of ferroptosis in exacerbating airway inflammation in asthmatic mice exposed to traffic-related PM_2.5.

Fifty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: saline (NS), asthma (ovalbumin, OVA), and OVA combined with low, medium, and high exposure to traffic-derived PM_2.5 (1.8, 3.6, and 7.2 mg/kg·bw, respectively). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in lung tissue were measured using ELISA kits. The concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and Fe²⁺ in lung homogenate supernatants were assessed by colorimetry. Protein expressions of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSL4), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), tumor protein p53 (p53), phospho-p53 (p-p53), spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1), and arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) were detected using western blot. mRNA expressions of PTGS2, ACSL4, GPX4, p53, SAT1, and ALOX15 were examined by qRT-PCR. One-way ANOVA was used for multi-group data comparison, followed by Tukey’s HSD for further multiple comparisons.

PM_2.5 exposure significantly increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels in asthmatic mouse lung tissues, especially in the high PM_2.5 exposure group (F_IL-6=17.910, P<0.001; F_TNF-α=5.414, P<0.05). All PM_2.5 exposure groups showed a reduction in GSH, most notably in the high exposure group (F_GSH=13.560, P<0.001). MDA and Fe²⁺ levels were significantly higher in the medium and high PM2.5 groups compared to the OVA group (F_MDA=55.230, P<0.001; F_Fe=17.660, P<0.001). PM_2.5 exposure also elevated the protein and mRNA expressions of PTGS2, ACSL4, and ALOX15, while reducing GPX4 expression. The protein and mRNA expression levels of p53, SAT1, and ALOX15 showed a clear dose-response to PM_2.5, with p-p53 following a similar trend as p53 protein expression.

Traffic-related PM_2.5 may induce ferroptosis in the lungs of asthmatic mice and exacerbate asthma inflammation through the p53/SAT1/ALOX15 pathway.