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To investigate the causal association between estrogen and breast cancer incidence and mortality risk.
Using summary data from genome-wide association studies, with estradiol representing estrogen, genetic variants associated with estradiol were utilized as instrument variables.Employing the univariate Mendelian randomization method, the causal association between estradiol and the risk ofincidence (4 outcomes), as well as the risk of mortality (6 outcomes) of female breast cancer and its subtypes, were assessed by the inverse variance-weighted method.
The results revealed that elevated levels of estradiol (≥175 pmol/L)were associated with an increased risk of overall breast cancer (OR=1.43,95% CI:1.27-1.60,P=2.92×10-9), estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer (OR=1.41, 95% CI:1.25-1.60, P=2.16×10-8), and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer (OR=1.49, 95% CI:1.29-1.72, P=6.92×10-8) incidence. However, there was no evidence that elevated levels of estradiol were the risk factors for triple-negative breast cancer incidence. Moreover, overall breast cancer and its subtypes mortality risks were not shown to be causally related to estradiol.
Elevated estrogen levels (≥175 pmol/L) are associated with an increased risk of overall breast cancer, estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer, and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer incidence.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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