Objective To explore grip strength change trajectory of community⁃dwelling elderly people and its relationship with cognitive function. Methods Based on the grip strength and cognitive function data of community⁃dwelling elderly people from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS) in 2011,2013,and 2015,group⁃based trajectory model(GBTM) was used to establish the grip strength change trajectory of community-dwelling elderly people.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between grip strength trajectory and cognitive function. Results A total of 1 245 community⁃dwelling elderly people were included.GBTM analysis results showed that there were four grip strength trajectories among community⁃dwelling elderly people:extremely low level group,low level group,medium level group,and high level group.Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that after adjusting for confounding factors,compared to the extremely low level group,the grip strength of elderly people in the low level group,medium level group,and high level group were positively correlated with their cognitive function;The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting cognitive function using grip strength trajectory was 0.622(95%CI 0.587⁃0.657). Conclusions The grip strength trajectory of community-dwelling elderly people could be divided into four categories:extremely low level group,low level group,medium level group,and high level group,which have certain predictive value for the cognitive function of community⁃dwelling elderly people.Low grip strength in the elderly is a risk factor for cognitive decline.Therefore,early identification of the development trajectory of grip strength in the elderly is particularly important.

Objective To construct an upper limb exercise program after permanent pacemaker implantation,providing reference for early exercise rehabilitation. Methods Literature on upper limb exercise intervention after permanent pacemaker implantation were searched.Through literature research and discussions within our research group,an initial pool of project items was formed.And expert inquiry questionnaire was compiled.Using the Delphi method,15 experts were subjected to 2 rounds of inquiry to screen for project items. Results A total of 22 articles were included.The effective recovery rates of both rounds of inquiry was 100%.And the expert authority coefficient was 0.93.The Kendall harmony coefficients for item importance and feasibility were 0.275⁃0.467 and 0.211⁃0.438,respectively(P<0.05).The upper limb exercise program after permanent pacemaker implantation constructed in this study included 4 primary items,15 secondary items,and 44 tertiary items. Conclusions The upper limb exercise program for permanent pacemaker implantation constructed in this study has strong clinical practicality and could provide reference for clinical practice.

Objective To summarize the best evidence for hammock positioning nursing in preterm infants,and to provide an evidence-based foundation for clinical practice. Methods Following the "6S" evidence model,related literature were searched from NGC,GIN,NICE,QCG,BMJ Best Practice,UpToDate,JBI,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science,EMbase,CINAHL,CBM,CNKI,WanFang Data,and websites of relevant associations such as the World Prematurity Association,RANO,and International Neonatal Society.The retrieval period spanned from the establishment of the database to August 3,2024.The AGREE Ⅱ,AMSTAR 2,and JBI evaluation tools were used to assess the quality of the literature,which was then graded according to the JBI evidence grading system. Results A total of 12 articles were included,comprising 2 guidelines,5 systematic reviews,2 evidence summaries,and 3 randomized controlled trials.Totally 21 pieces of evidence were extracted from six aspects:assessment of hammock position,training and guidance,timing of hammock care,production and installation of hammocks,placement of hammock positions for premature infants,physiological monitoring and safety management during hammock care. Conclusions This study provided high⁃quality evidence-based support for the clinical implementation of hammock position nursing for premature infants,which helps to standardize nursing practice.Through continuous optimization of clinical practice,hammock position nursing is expected to become an important means to improve the quality of premature infant care.

The rules for the allocation of the burden of proof in medical care damage disputes directly affect the outcome of the judgment and are closely related to the interests of the parties.In medical care damage litigation,according to the current substantive law,the burden of proof of the perpetrator,the result of the damage,fault and the facts of the causal relationship is borne by the patient.However,due to the subjectivity of fault facts and the complex professionalism of causal relationships,patients face difficulties in proving fault and causal factors.In order to solve the above problems and reduce the burden of proof on patients,this paper localized the theory of apparent proof and the theory of loss of opportunity,and proposes a mitigation scheme for the burden of proof in medical care damage disputes.

Objective To explore the application effect of narrative interviews in modified electroconvulsive therapy for patients with depressive disorders. Methods A total of 140 patients with depressive disorders who underwent modified electroconvulsive therapy and admitted to a tertiary grade A hospital from January 2021 to September 2023 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,70 patients each.The control group received routine nursing care.The observation group received narrative interviews based on the routine care.Hamilton Depression Scale⁃17(HAMD⁃17) was used to compare the depression status of the two groups before intervention and at 4 and 8 weeks after intervention. Results The control group completed the study with 63 cases.The observation group completed the study with 61 cases.There were statistically significances in terms of time effect,between⁃group effect,and interaction effect of HAMD⁃17 scores(P<0.05). Conclusion Narrative interviews could effectively improve the depressive mood of modified electroconvulsive therapy for patients with depressive disorders and enhance their treatment effect.

This review summarized the current status and factors affecting the growth and development in children with hematological diseases after allogeneic⁃hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.The aim was to provide a basis for medical staff to provide individualized health education and monitoring for children and their families in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the serum 25⁃hydroxyvitamin D levels and influencing factors in infants and young children aged 0⁃3 years in Yuncheng city. Methods A total of 1 803 infants and young children who underwent physical examinations at Yuncheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2019 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects.Venous blood was collected and serum 25⁃hydroxyvitamin D levels were detected by using an AB company high⁃performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer(AB4500).Univariate analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of serum 25⁃hydroxyvitamin D levels. Results The serum 25⁃hydroxyvitamin D level of 1 803 infants and young children was(35.256±9.090) ng/mL.Univariate analysis results showed that maternal education level,feeding method,outdoor activity duration,age,and daily 25 hydroxyvitamin D supplementation dose had an impact on the serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels of infants and young children(P<0.05). Conclusions Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels in infants and young children aged 0⁃3 years in Yuncheng city are low⁃normal.The higher the mother's education level,the more reasonable outdoor activities,timely addition of complementary foods,and reasonable supplementation of 25 hydroxyvitamin D are beneficial for the healthy growth of infants and young children.

This article reviewed the origin,concept,theoretical models,and assessment tools of family resilience.The aim was to provide a reference for researchers in developing family resilience assessment tools that align with China's cultural background,as well as for clinical staff in selecting suitable assessment tools.

Objective To explore the effect of resistance training based on modified comprehensive geriatric assessment(CGA) of elderly patients with chronic heart failure and sarcopenia. Methods A total of 80 elderly patients with chronic heart failure and sarcopenia admitted to Ganzhou People's Hospital from July 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the research subjects.They were randcomly divided into control group and test group by random number table method,with 40 cases each.The control group received routine intervention,while the test group received resistance training intervention based on modified comprehensive geriatric assessment.Physical activity status,exercise endurance,quality of life,cardiac function indicators,skeletal muscle function related indicators,and nutritional indicators were compared between two groups. Results After 8 weeks of intervention,the Simplified Physical Fitness Scale(SPPB) scores,6-minute walk test(6MWT),and Activities of Daily Living(ADL) scores in the test group were higher than those in the control group.The Minnesota Heart Failure Quality of Life Scale(MLHFQ) scores was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and the ratio of peak e to peak a of forward mitral flow(E/A) were higher than those in the control group.The left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD) was shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05).The skeletal muscle mass index,walking speed,grip strength,and the duration of 5 sit up tests were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).The body mass index(BMI),upper arm muscle circumference (AMC),lower leg circumference,and triceps skinfold thickness(TSF) were better than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusions Resistance training based on modified comprehensive geriatric assessment could improve the physical condition and exercise endurance of elderly patients with chronic heart failure and sarcopenia,enhance their quality of life and cardiac function,and improve skeletal muscle function and nutritional status.

This study reviewed the clinical factors,laboratory indicators,genetic testing,and predictive models related to renal scarring after urinary tract infection.The aim was to provide references for clinical medical staff to identify high-risk patients early,to intervene promptly,and to reduce the risk of renal scarring.