2-anilinoquinoline is a characteristic structure of anticancer drugs, which can regulate various molecular targets related to tumor proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. Studies found that modifying the C-3, C-4, C-5 positions on the 2-anilinoquinoline ring and the aminobenzene ring to connect them with different groups, such as alkoxy, amide, carbonyl etc., can improve the targeting effect of drugs and enhance cytotoxicity. This review focuses on the structural modification and research progress of 2-anilinoquinoline derivatives as antitumor drugs in recent years to provide reference for future research.

Dictamni cortex is the dried root bark of the Dictamnus L. in the Rutaceae family. It contains alkaloids, limonoids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, et al. Based on summarization of its chemical components, pharmacological effects and toxicity, and according to the concept of traditional Chinese medicine quality marker (Q-marker), the Q-markers of Dictamni cortex were predicted from the aspects of genetic relationship and measurability of components, traditional efficacy, traditional property, different producing areas and collecting periods, and component contents under different ultraviolet radiation intensities. γ-fagarine, limonin, dictamnine, obacunone and fraxinellone can be used as Q-markers of Dictamni cortex, which provide a scientific reference for the establishment of quality standards.

Daridorexant is a dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA), which was approved by the U.S. FDA on January 10, 2022 (trade name: Quviviq) for the treatment of adults with insomnia, characterized by diffculties with sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance. Unlike traditional sedative-hypnotic drugs, daridorexant inhibits the actions of the wake-promoting orexin neuropeptides, by specific binding to both orexin receptor．In this paper, the mechanism of action, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, safety, and clinical research of daridorexant are reviewed.

At present, the listed antidepressants have certain limitations, and the different mechanisms of which are closely related to their efficacy and safety. Therefore, the discovery of antidepressants with novel mechanisms is an important research direction in the field of antidepressants. This paper reviews some major antidepressants currently under clinical research stage, and analyzes their mechanisms of action, so as to provide reference for the development of antidepressants with new mechanisms of action.

Lonapegsomatropin-tcgd (tradename: Skytrofa^TM) is the first long-acting new drug approved by FDA for the treatment of growth hormone deficiency in children. It can continuously release growth hormone and needs to be injected for only once a week. Lonapegsomatropin-tcpd improves patient compliance by reducing dosing frequency compared to traditional daily somatropin injection therapy. Clinical studies confirmed that weekly treatment of lonapegsomatropin-tcpd showed a higher annual growth velocity at week 52 compared with somatropin. In this article, the mechanism, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, clinical evaluation, safety, drug interaction and storage of lonapegsomatropin-tcpd are reviewed.

In the ethical review of the qualification of principal investigators, some problems such as insufficient certification materials to fully reflect the qualification of principal investigator, lack of qualification standard system of principal investigator, simple review method and single form, insufficient attention, weak awareness and low degree of independence were found. To further standardize the operation of the ethics committee and to improve the comprehensive review capacity, it is suggested to clearly specify the certification materials for qualification submission, building a comprehensive evaluation index system of qualification, taking a variety of review forms and strengthening the capacity-building of the ethics committee, so as to provide experience and reference.

Objective: To eatablish a UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of three azide-type genotoxics, 5-(4′-(azidomethyl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)-1H-tetrazole (MB-X), 4′-(azidomethyl)-[1,1′-bihenyl]-2-carbonitrile (AZBC), and 5-(4′-((5-azido-2-butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)-1H-tetrazole (LADX), in active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) of irbesartan and losartan potassium.Methods:The separation was performed on a ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with the mobile phases consisting of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution (mobile phase A) and 0.1% formic acid methanol solution (mobile phase B) using a gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.35 mL·min^-1. The column temperature was set at 50 ℃. Multiplereaction monitoring (MRM) was performed on a triple quadripole mass spectrometer equipped with a APCI source in positive/negative mode.Results:the calibration curve was linear for three compounds in the range of 0.5~100 ng·mL^-1. The recoveries (n=3) in irbesartan of low, middle, high concentration-spiked samples are 94.5%~103.5% with RSD<3.88%. The recoveries (n=3) in losartan potassium of low, middle, high concentration-spiked samples are 93.8%~100.9% with RSD<4.25%. The limits of detection are 0.05, 0.03, 0.02 ng·mL^-1 and the limits of quantification are 0.15, 0.11, 0.08 ng·mL^-1, respectively.Conclusion:The method is sensitive and accurate, which is applicable for quantification of three azide-type genotoxic impurities in irbesartan API and losartan potassium API. The method can provide reference for quality control of irbesartan and losartan potassium.

Objective: To systematic review the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime avibactam (CAZ/AVI) and colistin/polymyxin B in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli infection.Methods: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang data were searched to collect randomized controlled or cohort studies of ceftazidime avibactam and colistin/polymyxin B in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli infection. The retrieval time was from the establishment of each database to May 2022. After literature screening and data extraction, NOS was used to evaluate the quality of literature.Results: Totally 7 studies were finally enrolled, with a total of 801 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the mortality rate and incidence of kidney injury in CAZ/AVI group were lower than those in colistin/polymyxin B group (P<0.005), while the clinical cure rate and bacterial clearance rate were higher than those in colistin/polymyxin B group (P<0.005).Conclusion: The clinical efficacy and safety of CAZ/AVI in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli infection showed better efficacy and lower incidence of kidney injury compared with the control group.