To conduct a quantitative evaluation of China’s Huimin insurance policy texts, provide references for the formulation and improvement of future Huimin insurance policies, and promote the further improvement of the multi-level medical security system.

Based on the text mining method, 14 Huimin insurance policies issued at the national and provincial levels were processed. A PMC index model was constructed to conduct an overall and surface chart analysis of the 14 Huimin insurance policies, and a comparison was made between Policy P10 and Policy P7.

The results of the PMC index model showed that the average PMC index score of the 14 Huimin insurance policies was 6.98, all at an acceptable level or above. Among them, 6 policies were rated as excellent, and 8 policies were rated as acceptable. The policies scored relatively high in policy content (0.87) and policy nature (0.81), and relatively low in policy perspective (0.61), incentive and restraint (0.60), and policy timeliness (0.33).

China’s Huimin insurance policies are generally at an acceptable level. They can be improved by strengthening the top - level design of Huimin insurance policies, improving the incentive and restraint mechanism, and optimizing policy timeliness.

To evaluate the balance of bed allocation in hospital rehabilitation departments across different regions of China, providing policy recommendations for establishing a rehabilitation health service system that aligns with socioeconomic development and public health needs.

The number of rehabilitation department beds in hospitals across 31 provinces from 2012 to 2021 was selected. The Dagum Gini coefficient, concentration degree, and kernel density estimation methods were employed to measure the balance of bed allocation and analyze its temporal and spatial evolution characteristics.

From 2012 to 2021, the total number of rehabilitation department beds in Chinese hospitals increased by 196 120, with a growth rate of 270%. The concentration matching levels among provinces gradually narrowed, although there remained significant interprovincial allocation disparities within regions. The density estimation curve indicated a polarization phenomenon in the central region. The Dagum Gini coefficient results revealed that the differences in balance primarily stemmed from the contribution rates between regions, with the contribution rate within regions rising annually from 28.84% to 30.06% by 2021.

The balance of rehabilitation department bed resource allocation in Chinese hospitals improved from 2012 to 2021,with significant impacts from both interregional and intraregional allocation disparities on overall balance. Therefore, it is recommended to scientifically plan the number of rehabilitation department beds in hospitals across regions, enhance the regional bed coordination and sharing mechanism through information technology, and optimize resource allocation patterns.Additionally, further coordinated efforts should be made to promote balanced bed distribution through targeted assistance and optimizing total capacity, thereby better meeting the health service needs of the public.

To explore the comorbidity patterns in middle-aged and older adults and their relationship with subjective life expectancy, as well as to investigate the mediating role of depression.

Using data from the 2020 CHARLS, latent class analysis (LCA) was employed to identify comorbidity patterns in individuals aged 45 and older. Ordered logistic regression was used to analyze the association between comorbidity patterns and subjective life expectancy, while stepwise regression and the KHB method were utilized to assess the mediating effect of depression.

A total of 13 815 middle-aged and older participants were included, with a comorbidity rate of 48.17%. LCA identified four comorbidity patterns: relatively healthy, gastrointestinal-arthritis, cardiovascular-metabolic, and respiratory system. The gastrointestinal-arthritis (OR=0.652, 95%CI: 0.592 to 0.717), cardiovascular-metabolic (OR=0.727, 95%CI: 0.669 to 0.791), and respiratory system (OR=0.518, 95%CI: 0.592-0.717) patterns were negatively associated with subjective life expectancy. Depression acted as a mediator, with heterogeneity in the mediating effect across different comorbidity patterns; the strongest effect was observed in the gastrointestinal-arthritis group, with an indirect effect value of -0.110 (-0.144 to -0.076), accounting for 27.72% of the mediating effect, followed by the cardiovascular-metabolic group (18.05%).

Compared to the relatively healthy group, the other three comorbidity patterns were associated with more negative subjective life expectancy, with depression mediating the relationship between comorbidity patterns and subjective life expectancy.

To investigate the status of aggressive behavior in first-episode schizophrenia patients and further explore the related influencing factors and their gender differences.

A total of 224 first-episode schizophrenia patients admitted to Beijing Anding Hospital from December 2019 to September 2022 were consecutively selected as study subjects.The Revised Hostility Scale was used to assess the occurrence of aggressive behavior in patients. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were employed to explore the influencing factors of aggressive behavior in first-episode schizophrenia patients of different genders.

The detection rate of aggressive behavior in first-episode schizophrenia patients was 34.13%, with detection rates of 24.49% for male patients and 27.27% for female patients. For female first-episode schizophrenia patients, independent predictors of aggressive behavior included ethnicity (OR=0.009, 95%CI: 0.001-0.154),history of suicide attempts (OR=57.347, 95%CI: 5.152-638.353), lack of crisis coping (OR=1.113, 95%CI: 1.001-1.238),temperament (OR=3.059, 95%CI: 1.373-6.813), and hopelessness (OR=0.891, 95%CI: 0.796-0.998). For male patients, independent predictors included age (OR=0.951, 95%CI: 0.908-0.996), living alone (OR=6.130, 95%CI: 1.935-19.420), value conflict (OR=0.912, 95%CI: 0.843-0.987), disparity between desires and reality (OR=1.108, 95%CI: 1.044-1.177),temperament (OR=1.599, 95%CI: 1.062-2.408), and hopelessness (OR=1.101, 95%CI: 1.032-1.175).

The detection rate of aggressive behavior in first-episode schizophrenia patients is relatively high, and the influencing factors exhibit gender differences. During clinical screening and treatment, personalized intervention measures should be developed based on the characteristics of the patients to more effectively prevent and manage the occurrence of aggressive behavior.

To understand the disconnection between knowledge and action regarding HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (Pr EP) among university students with multiple sexual partners in Nanning, Guangxi, and analyze its influencing factors.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Nanning from November 19 to December 4, 2023, recruiting young university students who had at least one sexual partner in the past six months to investigate their knowledge and usage behaviors related to Pr EP. Students with only one sexual partner were used as a control group. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to analyze the influencing factors of the knowledge-action disconnection.

A total of 5 630 university students with at least one sexual partner were surveyed, among which 4 494 (79.8%) had one partner, 572 (10.2%) had 2-3 partners, and 564 (10.0%) had four or more partners. The occurrence of knowledge-action disconnection among students with one sexual partner was 1 558 (34.7%), among those with 2-3 partners was 201 (35.1%), and among those with four or more partners was 144 (25.5%). The multivariate logistic regression results indicated that sexual orientation (gay or bisexual) (OR=1.436, 95%CI: 1.150-1.793), testing frequency of less than six months (OR=1.423, 95%CI: 1.198-1.691), and testing frequency of more than six months (OR=1.386, 95%CI: 1.113-1.725) were factors influencing the knowledge-action disconnection regarding PrEP.

There is a significant disconnection between knowledge and action regarding PrEP among university students in Nanning with multiple sexual partners. PrEP education should focus on gay individuals and HIV testing behaviors to enhance the willingness to use PrEP and promote its actual implementation, thereby reducing the occurrence of knowledge-action disconnection.

To investigate the relationship between the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the middle-aged and elderly population in China.

This study included 5 630 individuals aged 45 and older who participated in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) in 2011 and 2015. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to analyze the association between WWI, treated as a continuous variable and categorized into quartiles, and the risk of CKD. Additionally, a restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was used to explore the dose-response relationship between WWI and CKD.

During the four-year follow-up, 187 participants developed CKD,resulting in an incidence rate of 3.32%. After adjusting for all covariates, each unit increase in WWI was associated with a 33%increase in the risk of CKD (HR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.10-1.62). In the highest quartile of WWI, the risk of CKD was 2.30 times greater compared to the lowest quartile (HR=2.30, 95%CI: 1.37-3.86). The RCS curve indicated a nonlinear dose-response relationship between WWI and CKD (P_{fornon-linear} < 0.05).

There is a positive correlation between WWI and the risk of CKD among the middle-aged and elderly population in China, exhibiting a significant nonlinear dose-response relationship.

To explore the relationship between substance use, problematic internet use, and their co-occurring behaviors with unintentional injuries among college students.

A cross-sectional study design was employed, with a questionnaire survey conducted among 1 700 enrolled students from two ordinary higher education institutions in Beijing. The CRAFFT scale was used to assess substance use, while the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) evaluated problematic internet use. Information on unintentional injuries and related influencing factors was also collected. Multivariate binary logistic regression was utilized to analyze the association between substance use, problematic internet use, co-occurring behaviors, and unintentional injuries, as well as to explore the influencing factors of unintentional injuries in the co-occurring behavior population.

A total of 1 626 valid questionnaires were collected. The prevalence of substance use was 35.85% (583 cases), the prevalence of problematic internet use was 52.34% (851 cases), and the co-occurrence prevalence was 20.05% (326 cases). The prevalence of unintentional injuries was 16.91% (275 cases). After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that compared to the control group, the odds ratio for unintentional injuries in the co-occurring behavior group was 1.57 (95%CI: 1.054-2.340), while neither substance use (aOR=1.117, 95%CI: 0.717-1.741) nor problematic internet use (aOR=1.098, 95%CI: 0.758-1.589) showed significant correlation with unintentional injuries. Among the co-occurring behavior population, suicidal ideation was identified as an independent risk factor for unintentional injuries (aOR=2.118, 95%CI: 1.184-3.787).

The simultaneous presence of substance uses and problematic internet use significantly increases the risk of unintentional injuries among college students. It is crucial to focus on high-risk populations exhibiting co-occurring behaviors, especially those with suicidal ideation, and to implement targeted preventive interventions.

To investigate the ameliorative effects of ursolic acid on gut microbiota and inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

Eighteen C57BL/6J mice were acclimatized for one week and then randomly divided into three groups: control group (CON), high-fat diet group (HFD), and unsolid acid group (UA). The CON group was fed standard diet, the HFD group was fed high-fat diet, and the UA group received high-fat diet along with daily gastric gavage of 100 mg/kg ursolic acid. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks, during which weekly measurements of body weight and food intake were recorded. At the end of the experiment, fecal samples were collected aseptically, and blood serum was obtained after anesthesia.The liver and epididymal fat were collected post-euthanasia. Pathological observations of the liver and fat tissues were conducted using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Biochemical indices and inflammatory factor levels in serum and liver were measured using kits. The microbial diversity in the feces of C57BL/6J mice was assessed using 16S rDNA sequencing.Comparisons between groups were performed using t-tests for pairwise comparisons and one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests for multiple comparisons. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between dominant bacterial genera and inflammatory factors.

During the experiment, the body weight of the HFD group significantly increased compared to the CON group (P<0.05), while the UA group showed a significant reduction in body weight compared to the HFD group (P<0.05), with no correlation between weight change and food intake (P>0.05). Compared to the CON group, the HFD group exhibited increased serum and liver biochemical indices, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (P<0.05),along with decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (P<0.05), all of which improved following UA intervention (P<0.05). Pathological observations revealed normal morphology of liver and fat tissues in the CON group, swelling of hepatocytes with numerous lipid vacuoles in the HFD group, and reduced hepatocyte size and lipid vacuoles in the UA group compared to the HFD group. The gut microbiota composition varied among groups at the phylum and genus levels, with higher relative abundances of Akkerman Sia and unclassified Muribaculaceae. Correlation analysis indicated that Akkerman Sia, unclassified Muribaculaceae, and Ligi lactobacillus were negatively correlated with serum and liver TNF-α and IL-1β (P<0.05), while Olsen Ella showed a positive correlation with TNF-α and IL-1β (P<0.05).

A high-fat diet promotes obesity by inducing dysbiosis and elevating inflammatory factor levels in mice. Ursolic acid intervention can regulate gut microbiota and inflammatory responses, thereby improving obesity.

To investigate whether sub chronic exposure to Benz[a]pyrene (BaP) induces ferroptosis in mouse hepatocytes, leading to liver injury, thereby providing a basis for further study of the hepatic toxicity mechanisms of BaP.

Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice aged three weeks were randomly divided into six groups: control group (corn oil),low-dose BaP group (2.5 mg/kg), medium-dose BaP group (5 mg/kg), high-dose BaP group (10 mg/kg), ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 group (3-amino-4-cyclohexylaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester, 1 mg/kg), and high-dose BaP + Fer-1 group (10 mg/kg + 1 mg/kg). BaP was administered via gastric gavage dissolved in corn oil, and Fer-1 was injected intraperitoneally every other day for 90 days. Hepatic structure and collagen fiber deposition were observed using HE and Masson staining, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine the ultrastructure of hepatocytes. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in mouse liver tissues, as well as tissue iron, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) content, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, were measured using kits. Western blotting was employed to detect the levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) in mouse liver tissues.

Compared to the control group, the high-dose BaP group exhibited a decrease in body weight (t=4.921, P=0.006) and a reduction in liver coefficient in both medium and high-dose BaP groups (t _medium=4.967, P<0.05; t _high=6.568, P=0.001). The ALT and AST levels in liver tissues of BaP-treated mice were elevated (F _ALT=218.200, P<0.001; F _AST=421.200, P<0.001). HE staining revealed varying degrees of hepatocyte disarray, sinusoidal dilation, congestion, and inflammatory infiltration in the liver of BaP-treated mice, while Masson staining indicated collagen fiber deposition. Iron content in the liver tissues of BaP-treated mice increased (W=41.730, P<0.001), and both GSH concentration and GSH-Px activity decreased (W _GSH=49.640, P<0.001; F _GSH-Px=252.400, P<0.001), with an increase in MDA concentration (F=207.700, P<0.001). The expression level of GPX4 protein in the liver of BaP-treated mice decreased (F=56.790, P<0.001), while the expression level of ACSL4 protein increased (F=429.400, P<0.001). Compared to the high-dose BaP group, the high-dose BaP + Fer-1 group showed improvements in body weight changes (t=5.970, P<0.001), liver coefficient (t=11.510, P<0.001), morphological changes in the liver, and levels of ALT (q=21.730, P<0.001), AST (q=32.870, P<0.001), tissue iron (t=5.045, P=0.009), GSH (t=10.600,P<0.001), GSH-Px (q=9.977, P<0.001), MDA (q=21.580, P<0.001), as well as the expression levels of ACSL4 (q=8.629, P<0.001) and GPX4 (q=5.146, P=0.03) proteins.

Sub chronic exposure to BaP can induce ferroptosis in mouse hepatocytes, resulting in liver injury.

To analyze the treatment enrollment status and influencing factors for rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province, providing a basis for improving prevention and control strategies.

Based on case data, drug resistance screening records, and information on drug-resistant patients in Guizhou Province from 2016 to 2023, the enrollment rate (%) of rifampicin-resistant patients was described to characterize their distribution. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression models were employed to analyze influencing factors.

The average annual enrollment rate for rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province from 2016 to 2023 was 56.00%, increasing from 35.71% in 2016 to 88.20% in 2023 (trend χ²=729.839, P<0.001). An upward trend was observed across gender, age groups (<20 years, 20-39 years, 40-59 years, and ≥60 years), and nine municipalities (P<0.05 for all). Analysis of influencing factors indicated that compared to patients who were <20 years old, local, new cases, those with reports from designated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis hospitals, and those without diagnosis delays, the following were identified as risk factors for treatment enrollment: age ≥60 years (OR=0.471, 95%CI: 0.296-0.750), migrant status (OR=0.503, 95%CI: 0.391-0.646), initial treatment positive at 2/3 months (OR=0.676, 95%CI: 0.464-0.983), reports from general tuberculosis hospitals (OR=0.080,95%CI: 0.063-0.102) and from the disease control center (OR=0.048, 95%CI: 0.040-0.057), and diagnosis delays (OR=0.551,95%CI: 0.048-0.648) (P<0.05 for all).

The treatment enrollment status of rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province has gradually improved, but continued attention is necessary. It is recommended to strengthen interventions for key populations, including those aged ≥60 years, migrants, initial treatment positive at 2/3 months, patients with reports from non-multidrug-resistant designated tuberculosis hospitals, and those experiencing diagnosis delays, to further enhance treatment enrollment rates.