To explore the vitamin D nutritional status and influencing factors of primary and middle school students in poverty areas of Guizhou Province, and to provide scientific basis for the development of targeted nutritional improvement measures.

A total of 2,519 students from 4 primary and 4 middle schools in 9 key monitoring counties (districts) in Guizhou Province, where the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students was implemented in 2023, were selected for questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and blood biochemistry tests using multistage cluster sampling methods. Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyze the current status of vitamin D nutrition and its influencing factors.

The average vitamin D level of primary and middle school students in poverty areas of Guizhou Province was (22.59±6.66)ng/ml, and the rate of low vitamin D was 37.51%. The prevalence of low vitamin D among female students (46.17%) was higher than that of male students (29.11%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=78.213, P<0.001). There was a significant difference in the rate of low vitamin D among students in different regions (χ²=23.454, P<0.001), and the rate of low vitamin D tended to increase with age (χ²=44.905, P<0.001). The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with the corresponding reference group, ethnic minorities (OR=0.706, 95% CI: 0.590-0.844), physical activity ≥60 min/d (OR=0.791, 95% CI: 0.663-0.943), and living in the countryside (OR=0.747, 95% CI: 0.616-0.906) were protective factors for low vitamin D levels; obesity (OR=2.133, 95% CI: 1.390-3.272), female students (OR=2.238, 95% CI: 1.882-2.662), the 11-13 years old group (OR=1.849, 95% CI: 1.521-2.248) and the 14-17 years old group (OR=2.000, 95% CI: 1.576-2.539) were risk factors for low vitamin D levels.

High rates of low vitamin D among primary and middle school students in poverty areas of Guizhou Province require the development of personalized nutritional interventions to improve vitamin D nutritional status.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection in China from 2011 to 2021, to provide a foundation for future HBV prevention and control initiatives.

Data on HBV incidence from 2011 to 2021 across different regions of China were gathered from the "China Health Statistical Yearbook" and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. A descriptive analysis was performed to investigate the trends of HBV. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was utilized to explore both global and local spatial clustering of HBV incidence, while spatiotemporal scan analysis was employed to investigate the spatiotemporal clustering of HBV incidence.

Between 2011 and 2021, a total of 10 838 518 cases of HBV were reported in China, with an annual average incidence rate of 71.78 per 100,000 population. There was no statistically significant difference in the decreasing trend of hepatitis B incidence during this period (Z=-1.557, P=0.120). Spatial autocorrelation results identified 7 high-high clustering areas of HBV incidence, primarily in Guangdong, and 3 low-low clustering areas, mainly in Shanghai and Jiangsu. Spatiotemporal scan results revealed 2 high-incidence clusters in the northwest region from 2011 to 2015, shifting to 6 clusters in the south and its northern areas from 2017 to 2021. There were 14 low-incidence clusters from 2016 to 2021, mainly in the east and northeast regions.

From 2011 to 2021, HBV incidence in China displays spatial and spatiotemporal clustering, with a nonsignificant decreasing trend. Future efforts should enhance HBV monitoring and resource allocation for prevention and control in high-prevalence areas.

To explore the focuses and potential issues of the current children’s health policy system for informing policy decision-making.

This study constructed a two-dimensional analysis framework of policy tools-stakeholders, and the content analysis method was used to quantitatively analyze 36 children’s health policies in China.

The study coded a total of 542 nodes for policy tools. The environment-based policy tools, supply-based policy tools, and demand-based policy tools accounted for 43.7%, 36.5%, and 19.7%, respectively. There were 464 nodes of stakeholders, and administrative agencies, hospitals, primary health care facilities, children and families, health care workers, and other agencies accounted for 61.4%, 13.6%, 3.7%, 8.0%, 3.2% and 10.1%, respectively.Two-dimensional analysis revealed that children and families focused on demand-based policy tools (16 out of 34 nodes), primary healthcare/hospitals/health care providers focused on supply-based policy tools (20 out of 26, 41 out of 85, and 10 out of 15 nodes), and administrative agencies focused on environmental policy tools (170 out of 351 nodes).

The continuous launch of children’s health policies indicates that the government ensures the principle of Children First. However, the current policies on the supply of children’s health services, the training of pediatric personnel, and PHC are inadequate. The government should focus on improving the supply of children’s healthcare services, expanding the pediatric workforce, and constructing an integrated service system for children.

To analyze the trend of health-care seeking delay and influencing factors among pulmonary tuberculosis patients and provide a reference basis for prevention and control measures in Yantai.

The current status and trend of health-care seeking delay among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Yantai from 2012 to 2021 were described. Additionally, multivariate logistic regression was employed to analyze the influencing factors of health-care seeking delay.

From 2012 to 2021, the median of health-care seeking days was 28 (10, 61) days. The health-care seeking delay rate was 66.47% and exhibited an upward trend (, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that compared with the age group over 61 years old, the following factors were associated with reduced risk for delayed treatment: individuals under 20 years old (OR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.56-0.75), aged 21-40 years (OR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.74-0.88), serving public places and businesses (OR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.49-0.90), children and students (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.61-0.87), employees of enterprises and institutions (OR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.97), engaged in other physical labor (OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.74-0.92), and belonging to the native population (OR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.60-0.78). On the other hand, the age group of 41-60 years old (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.03-1.22), symptomatic treatment (OR=4.30, 95% CI: 3.63-5.10), referral (OR=3.40, 95% CI: 2.87-4.03), follow-up (OR=5.59, 95% CI: 4.69-6.66), and pathogen positive results (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.24-1.43) were identified as risk factors for delayed treatment.

The health-care seeking delay rate among tuberculosis patients showed an upward trend from 2012 to 2021 in Yantai. Medical institutions should pay attention to the wrinkly or elderly, passive detection, and pathogen positive patients regarding the health-care seeking delay.

To investigate the relationship between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and sarcopenia in older adults and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.

From January 2022 to January 2023, 253 older adults over 60 years old were recruited in Chengdu. DII were calculated according to the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the groups were divided into Q1-Q4 according to the DII from low to high, sarcopenia was diagnosed according to Asian Working Group for sarcopenia 2019. The relationship between DII and sarcopenia was estimated by logistic regression analysis.

After controlling confounding factors, compared with the Q1 group, the risk of sarcopenia in the Q3 group and Q4 group was 3.94 times and 7.02 times higher than that in the Q1 group (P<0.05), and the risk of sarcopenia increases in older adults with higher DII.

Higher DII increases the risk of sarcopenia, and it is recommended to provide dietary guidance for older adults to reduce the risk of sarcopenia affected by DII.

To explore the current situation of disease prevention and control ability and training needs of grassroots public health personnel in Luzhou, to provide a reference for improving the disease prevention and control ability of grassroots public health personnel in Luzhou.

A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 075 people engaged in disease control work in township health centers, village clinics, and community health service centers (stations) in Luzhou City to analyze their disease prevention and control ability and influencing factors.

The average self-evaluation score of basic disease prevention and control ability skills of primary public health personnel in Luzhou City was 57.93±27.30 points, with a score rate of 46.72%. Among them, "prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases" had the highest score rate of 56.94%, and "prevention and control of endemic and parasitic diseases" had the lowest score rate of 37.75%. Among the survey respondents, 92.37% had participated in basic knowledge or skills training in disease control, and the proportion of those who chose "on-site guidance" as the desired form of training was the highest, at 80.74%. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the ability of primary public health personnel in disease prevention and control were mainly female (t=-3.425, P=0.001), outside the establishment (t=3.322, P=0.001), not having participated in training in basic knowledge or skills of disease control (t=-6.119, P<0.001), professional background (non-medical t=-2.083, P=0.038) and professional background (non-medical t=-0.083, P=0.038).

The disease prevention and control ability of grassroots public health personnel in Luzhou City is relatively weak, with gender, professional background, establishment, and whether they have participated in training being the main influencing factors, requiring targeted training in relevant knowledge and skills.

To explored the relationship between the Dietary Oxidative Balance Score (DOBS) and the risk of developing osteoporosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

The study population was selected from CKD patients aged 40 years and above in a total of four survey cycles of NHANES 2007—2008, 2009—2010, 2013—2014, and 2017—2018, and the association between DOBS and the risk of developing osteoporosis in CKD patients was assessed using weighted logistic regression, with smoothed curve fitting demonstrating the dose-response relationship between the two and subgroup analyses based on age and gender.

A total of 2 281 participants were included in this study, and the fully adjusted model (Model 3) found that higher DOBS significantly reduced the risk of osteoporosis in CKD patients, with an OR of 0.400 (95% CI: 0.211-0.758) in the highest quartile group of DOBS (Q4) compared with Q1. Smoothed curve fitting revealed a negative linear dose-response relationship between DOBS and the prevalence of osteoporosis. Subgroup analysis revealed that the negative association between DOBS and osteoporosis was more significant in female and ≥65-year-old CKD patients, respectively.

In this study, we found that the relationship between DOBS and the risk of osteoporosis in CKD patients was linearly negatively correlated and showed gender and age differences, but further studies are needed to confirm this.

To analyze the change of disease burden of injury in China from 1990 to 2019, and to predict the change trend from 2020 to 2034, so as to provide basis for the formulation of injury prevention and control strategies.

Using the global disease burden research database in 2019, the change trends of age-standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life expectancy rate of injuries in China were analyzed, and the average annual change percentage was calculated.The grey prediction model GM (1) was used to predict the annual DALY change trend from 2020 to 2034.

From 1990 to 2019, the incidence, prevalence, mortality and Daly rate of self-injury and interpersonal violence showed a downward trend, with the largest decrease among people aged 0-9 (AAPC=-2.27%,-0.26%,-4.72%,-6.00%). The incidence and prevalence of traffic injuries showed an upward trend, while mortality and DALY rates generally showed a downward trend, but those over 70 years old showed an upward trend (AAPC=0.26%, 0.88%). The incidence of accidental injuries showed an overall downward trend (AAPC=-0.08%), but showed an upward trend in 2006—2019 (AAPC=2.69%), and the mortality and DALY rates showed an overall downward trend, among which the morbidity, prevalence, mortality and Daly rates of people ≥ 70 years old showed an upward trend (AAPC=1.84%, 1.15%, 0.66%, 0.51%). The grey prediction model showed that the DALY of the three kinds of injuries will show a downward trend from 2020 to 2034. It is estimated that by 2035, the Daly rate will decrease to 166.304 / 100 000, 862.338 / 100 000 and 715.27 / 100 000 respectively.

The mortality rate and DALY rate of three kinds of injuries in China show a general downward trend from 1990 to 2019, but the incidence rate of traffic injuries and accidental injuries are still rising, and the disease burden of the elderly is still increasing.

To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of mental disorders in people living with HIV/AIDS and to provide reference for clinical prevention of HIV associated mental disorders.

People living with HIV/AIDS who were diagnosed in our hospital from May 2017 to March 2023 were stratified randomly selected according to the year of admission. The first hospitalization records and laboratory test data from the medical record management systemwere reviewed and then relevant parameters were extracted as baseline data and were followed up regularly. Cox regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of HIV associated mental disorders.

A total of 503 people living with HIV/AIDS meeting the study criteria were included, 71 patients were diagnosed with mental disorders during follow-up, with an incidence of 14.1%. Multivariate analysis showed poor sleep (HR=3.813, 95% CI: 2.237-6.501), ART side effects (HR=1.740, 95% CI: 1.047-2.891), poor insight (HR=7.213, 95% CI: 4.277-12.163), abnormal CD4/CD8 cell ratio (HR=2.772, 95% CI: 1.246-6.163) and abnormal creatine kinase (HR=1.765, 95% CI: 1.086-2.871)were risk factors for HIV associated mental disorders.

People living with HIV/AIDS have a relatively high incidence of mental disorders within the first year of diagnosis, the influencing factors should be identified as early as possible when HIV/AIDS patients are diagnosed, and corresponding intervention plans should be formulated to prevent the occurrence and development of HIV associated mental disorders.