To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malignancy deaths and the changing patterns of potential life loss in Hengshui City from 2015 to 2024, providing data support for the formulation of malignancy prevention and control strategies.

We collected data on malignancy deaths among registered residents in Hengshui City, calculated the standardized mortality rates for total, gender, age, and malignancy categories, and analyzed the potential life loss and trends for the top four leading causes of malignancy deaths.

The standardized mortality rates for malignancy among registered residents in Hengshui City from 2015 to 2024 were 81.05/100 000, 72.89/100 000, 92.47/100 000, 97.23/100 000, 105.47/100 000, 97.66/100 000, 115.93/100 000, 116.78/100 000, 125.23/100 000, and 125.87/100 000, showing an upward trend (AAPC=6.20%, P<0.05). The standardized mortality rates for males were higher than those for females (all P<0.05). The top four leading causes of malignancy deaths among registered residents in Hengshui City were lung cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, and colorectal cancer, accounting for 26.51%, 11.34%, 11.57%, and 4.64% of deaths, respectively. The standardized mortality rates for all four malignancies showed an upward trend, with AAPC values of 11.01%, 15.17%, 3.35%, and 9.43%, respectively (all P<0.05). The proportions of malignancies, lung cancer, liver cancer, and stomach cancer in the 70-79 age group showed a significant upward trend for both males and females, and the proportion was the highest. The average age at death from malignancies, lung cancer, liver cancer, and stomach cancer showed a slight upward trend (AAPC: 0.46%, 0.47%, 0.54%, 0.46%, respectively; P<0.05), while the trend in the average age at death from colorectal cancer was not significant. Among the top four leading causes of malignancy deaths, lung cancer had the highest mean potential life loss (PYLL: 12 123.00 person-years), liver cancer had the highest average potential life loss (AYLL: 15.97 years), and lung cancer had the highest potential life loss rate (PYLLR: 2.80‰). Based on the average potential life loss, the order of life loss was liver cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and stomach cancer.

The standardized mortality rates for different types of malignancies showed an upward trend, with significantly higher rates for males than females. The proportion of deaths occurring in the 70-79 age group rose significantly, whereas that in the 40-49 age group declined. AYLL from malignant tumors showed an overall downward trend, while the PYLLR for lung, liver, and colorectal cancer increased, suggesting a growing impact on the life expectancy of residents with Hengshui household registration. These trends should be utilized to adjust malignancy prevention and control measures accordingly.

To investigate the impact of social jetlag on body mass index (BMI) among shift nurses and its underlying mechanisms.

A convenience sample of 429 shift nurses from five tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province was selected.Data were collected using the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire for Shift Workers (MCTQshift), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ-5), and BMI measurements. Statistical analyses included univariate analysis, partial correlation analysis, and moderated mediation model testing.

Social jetlag significantly predicted BMI levels (β=0.348, 95% CI: 0.259-0.437, P<0.001). Sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between social jetlag and BMI,with an effect size of 0.101(95% CI: 0.030-0.172, P<0.001), accounting for 29% of the total effect. The predictive effect of social jetlag on BMI (β=0.194, 95% CI: 0.108-0.281, P<0.001) and the effect of sleep quality on BMI (β=-0.121, 95% CI: -0.215~-0.027,P=0.012) were both moderated by chronotype.

This study revealed the potential mechanisms through which social jetlag affects BMI levels among shift nurses. It highlights the importance of reducing social jetlag and improving sleep quality, as well as the role of chronotype in moderating the adverse effects of social jetlag on BMI abnormalities. These findings provide a theoretical basis for nursing managers to develop more scientific and effective interventions for BMI management among shift nurses, ultimately reducing BMI abnormalities and promoting their physical and mental health.

To analyze the prevalence of diabetes and self-management behaviors among elderly Dai, Hani, and Bai in rural areas of Yunnan.

A multi-stage stratified random sampling approach was used to conduct a questionnaire survey and blood glucose measurement on 4 229 rural residents aged ≥60 years from the Dai, Hani, and Bai ethnic groups in Yunnan.

The age-standardized prevalence rate of diabetes among elderly individuals in the surveyed areas was 7.6%for the Dai ethnic group, 5.0% for the Hani ethnic group, and 16.0% for the Bai ethnic group. The differences in diabetes prevalence among the three ethnic groups were statistically significant (χ²=105.856, P<0.001), with the Bai group having the highest prevalence, followed by the Dai and then the Hani. The differences in prevalence among the three ethnic groups within each age group were all statistically significant (all P<0.01). Among diabetic patients, the rates of adhering to taking prescribed medications, self-monitoring blood glucose, and taking at least one measure to control blood glucose in the past two weeks were 94.7%, 42.1%, and 100.0% for the Dai ethnic group, 79.4%, 26.5%, and 94.1% for the Hani ethnic group, and 98.2%, 57.6%,and 98.8% for the Bai ethnic group, respectively. Across all three ethnic groups, dietary control was the most commonly adopted measure for managing blood glucose in the two weeks prior to the survey. The overall blood glucose control rate among the three ethnic groups was 47.7%. The blood glucose control rates among elderly diabetic patients were 50.9% for the Dai, 58.8% for the Hani, and 44.2% for the Bai ethnic groups, with no statistically significant differences observed among the groups (P>0.05).

Significant ethnic differences in diabetes prevalence and self-management behaviors are observed among elderly individuals from the Dai, Hani, and Bai ethnic groups in rural Yunnan. Targeted health interventions and management strategies should be developed to address ethnic backgrounds and health needs of these populations.

To examine the impact of social participation on life satisfaction in perimenopausal women and the mediating role of depression over time.

Using China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011—2018) data, a latent growth model analyzed trajectories of social participation, depression, and life satisfaction in 1 133 perimenopausal women and tested the longitudinal mediation of depressionin in the relationship between social participation and life satisfaction.

Social participation, depression, and life satisfaction showed increasing trends. After controlling for education, the intercept of social participation negatively predicted the intercept of depression (β=-1.198, P<0.001), and the intercept of depression negatively predicted the intercept of life satisfaction (β=-0.058, P<0.001). The slope of social participation negatively predicted the slope of depression (β=-0.909, P<0.05), while the slope of depression negatively predicted the slope of life satisfaction (β=-0.101, P<0.001). The intercept and slope of depression showed longitudinal mediation between social participation and life satisfaction, with indirect effects of 0.069(95% CI: 0.037-0.112) and 0.092(95% CI: 0.024-0.215),respectively.

Social participation indirectly affects life satisfaction by influencing the level of depression. Providing flexible participation opportunities and emotional support may enhance psychological well-being and life satisfaction in perimenopausal women.

To explore the impact of psychological resilience and various types of social participation, as well as their interaction, on cognitive impairment in older adults.

This study utilized data from the 2018 China Longitudinal Healthy and Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Analyses were conducted using χ² tests, logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and additive interaction models.

Cognitive impairment was observed in 1 421 elderly individuals (19.46%). Risk factors for cognitive impairment included lack of domestic participation (OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.48-2.02), lack of socialization (OR=1.75,95% CI: 1.45-2.11), lack of leisure activities (OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.52-2.28), and low psychological resilience (OR=1.58, 95%CI: 1.35-1.84). Among elderly individuals with low psychological resilience, non-linear dose-response relationships were observed between three types of social participation and cognitive impairment (P-overall<0.01, P-nonlinear<0.01). An additive interaction between low psychological resilience and lack of social participation in cognitive impairment was identified. Using elderly individuals with high psychological resilience and corresponding types of social participation as the control group, the risk of cognitive impairment for elderly individuals with low psychological resilience and no domestic, no socialization, or no leisure activities was 3.13 (OR=3.13, 95% CI: 2.51-3.91) times, 2.77 (OR=2.77, 95% CI: 2.06-3.72) times, and 3.75 (OR=3.75, 95% CI: 2.93-4.81) times higher, respectively, compared to the control group.

Lack of social participation, low psychological resilience, and their interactions increase the risk of cognitive impairment, suggesting that comprehensively enhancing both psychological resilience and social participation in older adults may improve cognitive function.

To evaluate the applicability of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ-22) based on classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory, and to optimize and adjust it.

A survey of 917 occupational groups who had a physical examination at a hospital from September 1 to September 30, 2021 was conducted using JCQ-22, and the entries were comprehensively analyzed using the Rasch model, two-parameter logistic model (2PL), and grade-response model (GRM) in the IRT, combined with Cronbach’s α coefficient within CTT, and the factor analysis method.

In the IRT analysis, the difficulty coefficients of the entries ranged from -2.49 to 0.36, and the difficulty coefficients of “JOB4”, “JOB7”, “JOB10”,“JOB11” had a differentiation degree lower than 1.34, and the corresponding average information content was significantly lower than the other entries. In the CTT analysis, a total of 18 entries met the statistical criteria, therefore, combining the IRT and CTT, the JCQ-22 was optimized and adjusted, and the results showed that the adjusted scale JCQ-18 had 18 entries, which was more concise and had a more stable structure.

Most of the entries of JCQ-22 performed well, while some of the entries did not meet the acceptable standards and need further optimization.

To explore the association between self-reported myopia prevalence and parental reproductive age in middle school students.

A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 485 students from 11 junior/senior high schools in Tong’an District, Xiamen through multistage cluster sampling, which was used to collect information on the characteristics of the students and their parents, as well as self-reported vision. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between parental reproductive age, parental vision and self-reported myopia prevalence in middle school students.

The self-reported myopia prevalence of middle school students was 80.4%. Among the students whose parental reproductive age was ≥40 years, the self-reported myopia prevalence was higher, which accounted for 84.2% and 83.2%, respectively (P<0.05). After adjusting for covariates, compared with students whose parental reproductive age was <20 years, the middle school students in groups of fathers aged 30-39 years (OR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.02-4.10) and ≥40 years (OR=2.18, 95% CI: 1.04-4.60), and mothers aged 30-39 years (OR=3.41, 95% CI: 1.83-6.36) and ≥40 years (OR=3.44, 95% CI: 1.66-7.12) had a higher risk of self-reported myopia. Among the students whose maternal reproductive age was 30-39 years, the risk of self-reported myopia increased with an increase in paternal reproductive age (P<0.05). When neither parent was myopic, the risk of self-reported myopia among students increased in the groups of fathers aged 30-39 years (OR=3.34, 95% CI: 1.35-8.49), ≥40 years (OR=3.93, 95% CI: 1.48-10.44), and mothers aged 20-29 years (OR=2.70, 95% CI: 1.33-5.49), 30-39 years (OR=3.04, 95% CI: 1.43-6.47), and ≥40 years (OR=3.93,95% CI: 1.63-9.49). When either parent was myopic, the differences in self-reported myopia risk were not statistically significant across different parental reproductive ages.

Advanced parental reproductive age is associated with an increased risk of self-reported myopia among middle school students, particularly in those with both parents being non-myopic. It is necessary to pay more attention to the prevention and control of myopia of middle school students with older parental reproductive age.

To analyze the disease burden of patients with cervical cancer (CC) and precancerous lesions in Suzhou in 2022,evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, and explore the optimal vaccination mode in Suzhou.

A retrospective survey was conducted to investigate the medical expenses and hospitalization costs of patients with CC and precancerous lesion in Suzhou City in 2022. Using the PRME model, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of different immunization strategies and combined sensitivity analysis to determine the optimal solution.

Assuming that 13-year-old girls in Suzhou received domestic bivalent HPV vaccine (2vHPV) or 9-valent HPV vaccine (9vHPV) in 2022, and the vaccination rate reached 90.00%, the model predicted that it could avoid 77-103 cases of CC and 17-23 deaths in the future, saving 42.54-56.64 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Compared with not receiving the vaccine, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 2vHPV and 9vHPV was 10 423.54 yuan/DALYs and 131 348.23 yuan/DALYs, respectively, and both were cost-effective.

Both 2vHPV and 9vHPV are cost-effective. Compared to 9vHPV, vaccinating 13-year-old girls with 2vHPV is a more cost-effective vaccination strategy. The cost of vaccines plays a crucial role in determining the ICER. When the price of 9vHPV drops below 90.50 yuan per dose, its ICER becomes lower than that of 2vHPV at 63.00 yuan per dose. Therefore, reducing HPV vaccine prices through government negotiation, centralized procurement, and promoting domestic vaccines is recommended.

To assess the internal exposure level of pentachlorophenol (PCP) among residents of traditional agricultural production areas in Guangzhou and analyze its possible influencing factors.

From June to August 2023, a two-stage random sampling method was used to select village/neighborhood committees and households in a town in a traditional agricultural production area of Guangzhou. All eligible permanent residents older than 6 years from the selected households were selected as the research subjects. Questionnaire survey, physical examination and urine sample collection were carried out on a household basis. The concentration of PCP in urine was detected by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry, and the health risk of residents exposed to PCP was evaluated. Multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the possible influencing factors of urinary PCP exposure.

The actual effective sample size of this study was 284, aged 7-85 years. The detection rate of PCP in urine was 92.3% (262/284), and the detection value ranged from <LOD to 18.010 μg/L. The median urinary concentrations of pentachlorophenol for non-creatinine-adjusted and creatinine-adjusted were 0.625 μg/L and 0.611 μg/g creatinine, respectively. The median exposure of residents to PCP based on creatinine-corrected urinary PCP concentrations was 0.013 μg/(kg·BW·d) and the maximum exposure was 0.735 μg/(kg·BW·d), lower than the reference dose of 5 μg/(kg·BW·d) established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Multiple regression analysis found higher urinary PCP exposure in residents with low education (GM ratio=0.549, 95% CI: 0.339-0.890), long outdoor activities (GM ratio=1.393, 95% CI: 1.005-1.931) and pets at home (GMratio=0.674, 95% CI: 0.457-0.995), and lower urinary PCP levels were in residents with low BMI (GM ratio=0.758, 95% CI: 0.602-0.953).

The 284 residents in traditional agricultural production areas of Guangzhou were generally exposed to PCP, but the level of internal exposure posed an acceptable risk to their health.Educational level, BMI, outdoor activity time, and keeping pets at home were factors that affected the level of urinary PCP exposure.

To combine reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) technology with the CRISPR/Cas13a detection system to establish a rapid, sensitive, and specific detection method for arthropod-borne viruses (RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas13a).

We designed and synthesized RT-RAA isothermal amplification primers and specific crRNAs for four arthropod-borne viruses, namely, Zika (ZIKV), dengue (DENV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), and chikungunya (CHIKV), and screened for the optimal combinations of amplification primers and crRNAs to establish the detection system.Viral nucleic acids were detected by fluorescence and lateral flow assay to determine the sensitivity and specificity. A TCEP/EDTA-based heat lysis protocol was optimized to enable virus detection without nucleic acid extraction.

Highly efficient amplification primers and crRNAs for ZIKV, DENV, JEV and CHIKV were screened, and an RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas13a fluorescence and lateral flow assay was established for detection of arthropod-borne viruses. The method can complete the detection in 40 min, and the lowest detection limit was 10² copies/μl (ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV) to 10¹ copies/μl (JEV), and the sensitivity was comparable to that of RT-qPCR. There was no cross-reactivity among the four pathogens, and the specificity was high. Meanwhile, this method combined with nucleic acid extraction-free method can directly detect virus particles in liquid samples, which has the potential for field site application.

The CRISPR/Cas13a-assisted RT-RAA method established in this study demonstrates notable advantages, including simple operation, rapid reaction, high specificity, superior sensitivity, and low cost, and does not rely on specialized nucleic acid detection equipment, but only requires a thermostatic heating instrument to complete the detection. The method is suitable for the immediate detection of arthropod-borne viruses, offering a novel technical platform for arbovirus identification.