To examine the temporal relationship between the peak velocity of physical fitness development and peak height velocity (PHV) in children and adolescents, and to explore sex differences in this relationship.

This longitudinal study included 13 513 primary and secondary school students from Shiyan, China, with six consecutive years of complete measurements between 2015 and 2024, yielding 101 969 observations. Annual height growth velocity and physical fitness development velocity were calculated. Locally weighted regression was used to identify peak ages and to compute the temporal difference between peak physical fitness velocity and PHV. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to evaluate the effects of fitness type and sex on the temporal difference.

The mean age at PHV was 12.07±1.46 years for boys, significantly later than 11.07±1.46 years for girls (P<0.001). The peak ages of physical fitness development velocity were mainly concentrated between 12 and 13 years, and all occurred after PHV (all P<0.001). Linear mixed-effects modeling indicated that girls exhibited an overall delay of 0.598 years compared with boys (95%CI: 0.511-0.685, P<0.001). The peak velocities of physical fitness development were delayed relative to PHV by approximately 0.52-0.64 years in boys and 1.13-1.22 years in girls, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001).

Peak physical fitness development velocity generally lags behind PHV in children and adolescents, with a significantly greater delay observed in girls than in boys.

To construct a framework for social work services in elderly palliative care, providing a scientific basis for enhancing the professionalism and effectiveness of social work in palliative care.

A preliminary framework for service content was developed through literature analysis and field research. The Delphi method and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) were used to determine the weights of the indicators and conduct analysis.

A total of 11 experts were consulted, with an average working experience of (20.82±11.09) years, and 7 (63.64%) held deputy senior titles or above. The response rate of valid questionnaires in both rounds of consultation was 100%, with an expert authority coefficient of 0.932 and Kendall’s coefficients of concordance (W) of 0.150 and 0.166, respectively. The final framework for service content includes 3 first-level indicators, 12 second-level indicators, and 41 third-level indicators. At the first-level indicator level, the comprehensive weight of services for patients and their families is the highest, reaching 0.731. At the second-level indicator level, the comprehensive weight of psychological-social intervention is the highest, reaching 0.243. At the third-level indicator level, the comprehensive weight of psychological-emotional adjustment and crisis intervention services for patients and their families is the highest, reaching 0.085.

This study has constructed a framework for social work services in elderly palliative care, providing a standardized theoretical tool for clarifying professional roles, standardizing service practices, and promoting multidisciplinary collaboration. Future research should further verify its application effect and promotion value through large-sample practical studies.

To evaluate the effectiveness of community-based management program involving second-generation antipsychotic long-acting injectables (SGA-LAIs) for patients with severe mental disorders (SMD).

Based on the Sichuan Provincial Severe Mental Disorders Management System, patients enrolled in the program between April 2022 and February 2023 were selected. Clinical symptoms and social functioning were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS). Caregiver burden was measured using the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). A linear mixed-effects model (LMM) was applied to handle the unbalanced longitudinal data and analyze the trends of each indicator over time.

A total of 1 740 patients with severe mental disorders were included. During follow-up, the total PANSS score, its subscale scores, and the total SDSS score all showed significant decreasing trends over time (P<0.001). Age was positively correlated with both PANSS and SDSS scores (P<0.05), and female patients had more severe social functional impairment (β=0.435, P=0.009).

The community-based management program incorporating SGA-LAIs isassociated with sustained improvement in patients’ symptoms and functioning, as well as a reduction in caregiver burden. The results suggest a need for attention to personalized support for older adults and female patients. Given the study design limitations, the causal effect of the observed associations requires verification by future controlled studies.

To understand the current status of elderly care models in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province from the perspective of the residents living together, and to analyze the influencing factors.

From July to August 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 699 elderly individuals in Liangshan Prefecture. Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of elderly care models, and Firth regression was employed for sensitivity analysis.

Among the 699 individuals, 373 (53.4%) lived only with their partners, 211 (30.2%) lived with their children, 82 (11.7%) lived alone, and 33 (4.7%) resided in elderly care institutions. The elderly who lived with their children had the highest satisfaction with their living arrangements (H=29.468, P<0.001). The multivariate analysis results indicated that, compared with those living with their children, elderly individuals whose children did not provide daily care were more likely to choose to live only with their partners (OR=33.96, 95%CI:10.45-110.35;the wide confidence interval indicates an exploratory finding) or to live alone or in an institution (OR=21.85, 95%CI:8.44-56.53). Similarly, those whose children did not provide financial support were also more likely to choose to live only with their partners (OR=3.03, 95%CI:1.69-5.43) or to live alone or in an institution (OR=10.99, 95%CI:4.88-24.78). Moreover, the influence of children’s provision of daily care on the elderly’s choice of living only with a partner was greater than that of financial support, as the lower bound of the 95%CI for the OR of daily care (10.45) exceeded the upper bound of the 95%CI for the OR of financial support (5.43).

The elderly care model in Liangshan Prefecture is mainly based on living with a partner or children, and the elderly who live with their children have the highest satisfaction. The daily care and financial support provided by children are important factors influencing the elderly care model in this area. The daily care provided by children has a greater impact than financial support.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the Cardiac Services Network in Chengdu, identify service-deficient areas, and to propose optimized site selection strategies for the construction of Chest Pain Treatment Units (CPUs).

Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were applied in combination with Voronoi and the Baidu Maps route planning API to quantitatively analyze service areas and population accessibility of existing chest pain centers. Emergency service gaps were identified by simulating round-trip ambulance transfer scenarios, using a threshold of travel time exceeding 2 hours. Spatial neighborhood and overlay analyses were conducted, and primary healthcare institutions were screened for upgrading to CPUs based on a “tier-priority” principle.

The current Cardiac Services Network in Chengdu covers 99.5% of the permanent resident population; however, 54 residential settlements in remote suburban areas exhibit insufficient accessibility. Model simulations suggest that upgrading six suburban primary healthcare institutions to CPUs would reduce the average treatment time for chest pain patients in underserved areas from 95.7 minutes (95%CI: 93.76-97.48) to 32.2 minutes (95%CI: 29.12-37.36), representing a 66.4% reduction (α=0.05, P<0.001).

Although the chest pain emergency network in Chengdu has largely achieved comprehensive coverage, targeted capacity enhancement in remote suburban areas remains necessary. Spatially tiered optimization strategies can significantly shorten treatment time and provide valuable references for emergency care system planning in similar urban settings.

To analyze the changing trends and the stability of influencing factors of influenza vaccine hesitancy among university students in central and western China between 2022 and 2025, and to provide evidence for targeted interventions in universities.

Two rounds of repeat cross-sectional surveys were conducted among university students in central and western China in June 2022 and between January and February 2025. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics. Binary Logistic Regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with vaccine hesitancy.

A total of 1 786 matched pairs were included in the analysis. From 2022 to 2025, the vaccine hesitancy rate significantly decreased from 47.65% (851/1 786) to 33.31% (595/1 786) (P<0.001). Logistic regression revealed that perceived severity of influenza (2022 OR=0.799 (0.763-0.837), 2025 OR=0.845 (0.793-0.900)), perceived necessity of vaccination (2022 OR=0.275 (0.131-0.579), 2025 OR=0.157 (0.068-0.361)), and previous influenza vaccination history (2022 OR=0.284 (0.222-0.363), 2025 OR=0.469 (0.363-0.606)) were stable protective factors against hesitancy in both years (allP<0.05). Influenza vaccine knowledge changed from a risk factor in 2022 (OR=1.118 (1.009-1.240), P=0.033) to a protective factor in 2025 (OR=0.827 (0.730-0.938), P=0.003). The protective effect of recommendations from family, classmates, or friends was significantly strengthened in 2025 (OR=0.362 (0.278-0.473), P<0.001).

The influenza vaccine hesitancy rate among university students in central and western China decreased significantly between 2022 and 2025, primarily driven by improved vaccine knowledge, enhanced positive social norms, and heightened risk perception. Further efforts to reduce hesitancy should focus on optimizing knowledge dissemination, leveraging social networks, and strengthening guidance from authoritative sources.

To systematically investigate the genetic association and shared biological mechanisms between weekly alcohol consumption (DrnkWk) and estimated heel bone mineral density (eBMD) in adults.

Leveraging large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from the UK Biobank and the GSCAN consortium, we integrated linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), local genetic correlation analysis (SUPERGNOVA), cross-trait meta-analysis (PLEIO), gene-based association analysis (MAGMA), and bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to comprehensively assess global and local genetic correlations, pleiotropic loci, and causal relationships between DrnkWk and eBMD.

No significant genome-wide genetic correlation was observed (r_g=-0.018, 95%CI: -0.050-0.014, P=0.26); while SUPERGNOVA identified 3 genomic regions with significant local genetic correlations. PLEIO revealed 35 pleiotropic loci (including 9 novel loci), and MAGMA implicated 30 shared genes. Bidirectional MR provided no evidence of a causal effect (forward MR:β=-0.051, P=0.12; reverse MR:β=-0.009, P=0.08).

The epidemiological association between alcohol consumption and bone density is likely driven by shared biological pathways and pleiotropic genetic architecture rather than direct causality, offering new insights for genetic risk stratification and targeted prevention strategies for osteoporosis.

To identify key microRNAs involved in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Analysis of miRNA expression in lung tissues from IPF patients revealed a significant upregulation of miR-205 (logFC=1.91, adj. P. Value<0.05). In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-205 directly targets and suppresses NKD1 expression, thereby modulating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway and influencing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which in turn regulates cell migration and fibrotic progression. Lipid nanoparticles encapsulating a miR-205 inhibitor (i205-LNP) were formulated and evaluated for therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. Following intratracheal administration, i205-LNP significantly upregulated NKD1 expression by approximately 4.05-fold compared to the model group (P<0.05) and reduced the levels of fibrosis-related markers, including α-SMA (approximately 15%, P<0.001), and Col1a1 (approximately 25%, P<0.001) in lung tissues. Consequently, pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis were alleviated, accompanied by attenuated body weight loss and improved survival rates in treated mice.

miR-205 promotes the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing its target gene NKD1 via the Wnt-EMT signaling pathway.

To analyze the temporal trends and driving factors of the burden of leukemia attributable to smoking in China from 1990 to 2023, and to provide evidence for prevention and control strategies.

Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 database, data on leukemia deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to smoking in China were extracted. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trends of standardized rates. Decomposition analysis was employed to explore the impacts of population growth, aging, and epidemiological changes on the disease burden.

From 1990 to 2023, the number of leukemia deaths attributable to smoking in China increased from 4 200 to 8 200 (an increase of 96.82%), and DALYs increased from 118 300 to 203 600 person-years (an increase of 72.13%). The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) showed downward trends (with average annual percent changes of -0.97% and -1.13%, respectively, P<0.001). Decomposition analysis indicated that population growth and aging were the main driving forces for the increase in the absolute value of the disease burden.

Although the age-standardized burden of leukemia attributable to smoking in China showed a declining trend from 1990 to 2023, the absolute burden continued to increase under the influence of factors such as population aging, and significant sex disparities were observed. Males and older adults should be prioritized in prevention and control efforts, and tobacco control interventions should be further strengthened to curb the growing burden.

To analyze the trends of diabetes burden and Quality of Care Index (QCI) in China from 1990 to 2023.

Data on diabetes incidence, prevalence and mortality were extracted. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to evaluate the burden trends. QCI was constructed using principal component analysis. Differences in QCI by age, sex and diabetes type were compared. Long-term temporal trends in QCI from 1990 to 2023 were further analyzed.

The total prevalence and age-standardized incidence increased significantly (EAPC=0.79%, 95%CI: 0.62%-0.97%), while age-standardized mortality decreased significantly (EAPC=-0.68%, 95%CI: -0.87%- -0.48%). Trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were consistent with the overall pattern. The first principal component explained 86.0% of the total variance. QCI generally decreased with age, with no statistically significant sex difference. QCI differed significantly among type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), T2DM and overall diabetes (adjusted P<0.001). During the period from 1990 to 2023, T1DM demonstrated a consistent gradual decline in QCI; in contrast, T2DM displayed an initial decline followed by a subsequent increase.

The prevalence burden of diabetes in China continues to increase, while mortality risk has decreased. Quality of care varies by diabetes type and age. Targeted optimization of diabetes care resource allocation is needed in the future, with emphasis on the extreme age groups and improvement of care quality for patients with T1DM.