To explore the mediating effect of self-compassion on social support and diabetes distress (DD) among community-dwelling elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

From June to July 2024, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among elderly T2DM patients in communities in Nanjing. The survey used the general information questionnaire, DDS, SSRS, and SCS. A multiple linear regression model was employed to examine the factors influencing DD, and the mediating effect of self-compassion was analyzed by the Bootstrap method for validation.

The prevalence of DD among the respondents was 35.1%, and the scores for social support and self-compassion were (39.48±8.13) and (91.18±9.10), respectively. Social support and self-compassion were significantly positively correlated (r=0.344, P<0.001). Social support (β=-0.132, P<0.001) and self-compassion (β=-0.216, P<0.001) were the influencing factors of DD, and self-compassion exhibited a partial mediating effect in the relationship between social support and DD, accounting for 37.02% of the total effect.

Community healthcare workers should pay attention to the screening of DD among elderly T2DM patients, and actively explore comprehensive intervention strategies that integrate social support with self-compassion to enhance their psychological well-being.

To analyze the spatiotemporal trends of occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONIHL) in the Chinese working population, predict its medium- and long-term disease burden, and provide scientific evidence for occupational disease prevention and control strategies.

Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database, data on Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) due to ONIHL in the Chinese working population between 1990 and 2021 were obtained. Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to assess temporal trends in disease burden, while an age-period-cohort (APC) model was developed to examine shifts in epidemiological patterns. Additionally, an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was applied to project the future burden of disease through 2040.

From 1990 to 2021, the average annual percentage change (AAPC) in the age-standardized rate of YLDs for ONIHL among the Chinese working population was 0.22%(95% CI: 0.19%-0.24%), with sex-specific rates of 0.15%(95% CI:0.13%-0.17%) in males and 0.33%(95% CI: 0.29%-0.37%) in females. In 2021, the age-standardized rate of YLDs was higher in males than in females, reaching a peak of 510.61 per 100 000 in individuals aged 60-64 years. According to the APC model, the YLDs rate increased with age and calendar period, and exhibited an initial increase followed by a decline across successive birth cohorts. Projections using the ARIMA model suggest that the overall age-standardized rate of YLDs is projected to increase to 166.66 per 100 000 by 2040.

From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized rate of YLDs for ONIHL among the Chinese working population demonstrated a consistent upward trend, with males bearing a higher burden than females. The disease burden also escalated with increasing age. Over the next 19 years, the disease burden is expected to persist in rising, underscoring the urgent need to strengthen workplace noise control measures to mitigate the adverse health effects of occupational noise on the labor force.

To assess the public awareness of tuberculosis (TB) prevention and control knowledge in high-altitude Xizang during the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016-2020) and provide evidence for optimizing regional TB health education strategies.

A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select study participants aged 15 years and older who had resided in the Xizang region for over six months. Data ware managed using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0.

Among 1 191 participants, awareness rates of the five core TB prevention indicators were 32.58% (388/1 191), 78.51% (935/1 191), 77.25% (920/1 191), 62.05% (739/1 191), and 47.69% (568/1 191), respectively. The overall awareness rate was 59.61% (3550/5 955), while the full-awareness rate (all five messages) reached 11.50% (137/1 191).

Xizang’s overall TB core knowledge awareness rate (59.61%) falls below the 85% target set by the National TB Control Plan (2016-2020). Tailored interventions are recommended, including Tibetan-Chinese bilingual health campaigns targeting agricultural/pastoral workers, individuals with limited education, and employees of government agencies/enterprises. Concurrent efforts should enhance livelihood support and bilingual training for grassroots workers in high-altitude regions.

To identify potential drug targets related to preeclampsia and explore their public health value in precision prevention based on gene expression–associated genetic variants and Mendelian randomization.

By integrating genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data, potential druggable genes for preeclampsia were identified using Summary data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR), Transcriptome-Wide Association Study (TWAS), and colocalization analysis. Drug annotation and potential side effect assessments were conducted using public drug databases, and Phenome-wide Mendelian Randomisation (MR-PheWAS) was applied to evaluate potential causal associations between the identified genes and 783 disease traits.

Seven potential drug targets were identified: ALDH2, BCAR1, IL27, MUTYH, PABPC1, SULT1A1 and SULT1A2. Among them, IL27 and SULT1A1 showed consistent and significant associations across multiple analyses. ALDH2 and MUTYH were identified as strong candidates with known involvement in oxidative stress and DNA repair pathways. Several genes were linked to existing drugs, suggesting potential for drug repurposing in preeclampsia.

Drug-target Mendelian randomization provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of preeclampsia and facilitates the identification of therapeutic targets. The findings offer a promising foundation for early screening, genetic risk stratification, and individualized prevention, contributing to the development of precision public health strategies for pregnancy-related disorders.

To understand the prevalence of dyslipidemia among Nu residents with different characteristics in Yunnan Province, and analyze the associated risk factors of dyslipidemia.

In 2021, we used a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method to select permanent Nu residents aged 18 and above in Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province as survey subjects. We obtained survey subject information through three parts: questionnaire survey, body measurement, and laboratory examination. To analyze the prevalence intensity and distribution characteristics of dyslipidemia among Nu residents in Yunnan Province, and to explore the related influencing factors of dyslipidemia among Nu residents.

This study included a total of 963 valid participants. The prevalence of dyslipidemia among Nu ethnicity residents aged 18 and above was 35.5%. The prevalence rates of hypercholesterolemia (TC), hypertriglyceridemia (TG), high LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), and low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) were 15.5%, 12.4%, 10.6%, and 15.9%, respectively. Significant risk factors for dyslipidemia included age ≥60 years (OR=1.527, 95% CI=1.007-2.315), overweight (OR=3.194, 95% CI=1.417-7.197), obesity (OR=3.112, 95% CI=1.267-7.645), hypertension (OR=1.395, 95% CI=1.027-1.895), and diabetes mellitus (OR=2.022, 95% CI=1.341-3.049).

The prevalence rate of dyslipidemia among adults of the Nu ethnic group is close to the national average. The next step will be to focus on high-risk groups such as those aged≥60 years, overweight, and obese, while strengthening the management of patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes to effectively reduce the prevalence of dyslipidemia.

To assess the current status and influencing factors of occupational health literacy (OHL) among key populations in Yunnan Province.

In accordance with the requirements of the National Key Population Occupational Health Literacy Monitoring and Intervention Technical Plan, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select workers from three key industries in the secondary sector and five key industries in the tertiary sector in Yunnan Province. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess their OHL levels. The pearson χ² test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of OHL.

In 2023, the sample of Yunnan Province included 9 718 people. The overall OHL level was 48.4%, with the OHL level of the secondary sector was 55.0% and that of tertiary industry was 45.5%. Female workers had significantly higher OHL levels than males (χ²=11.529, P<0.05); higher income (χ²=166.574, P_{for trend}<0.001) and higher education levels (χ²=99.473, P_{for trend}<0.001) were positively associated with OHL levels. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that using “junior high school and below” and “monthly income<3 000 yuan” as reference groups, having a college degree or above (OR=1.180, 95% CI:1.042-1.335) and a monthly income of ≥9 000 yuan (OR=2.615, 95% CI:1.967-3.477) were protective factors for higher OHL levels (P<0.05). Using state-owned enterprises as the reference, working in private enterprises (OR=0.854, 95% CI:0.763-0.956) and public institutions (OR=0.865, 95% CI:0.756-0.991) were risk factors for OHL levels (P<0.05).

The OHL level in Yunnan Province needs to be further improved. Low-income groups, individuals with lower educational backgrounds, and workers in emerging industries should be key targets for future attention and intervention. To enhance OHL levels and safeguard workers’ health, targeted education and awareness campaigns should be designed based on the specific characteristics of each group.

To investigate the prevalence of night eating syndrome (NES) among university students and explore its associations with depression, stress, and body mass index (BMI), thereby providing evidence for identifying high-risk populations and developing targeted interventions.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Nanjing, recruiting 500 university students for a questionnaire survey. The Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to assess NES symptoms, depressive mood, and stress levels. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, correlation analysis, and logistic regression models.

A total of 531 valid questionnaires were collected. The prevalence of NES was 6.0%(n=32), while the rates of depressive symptoms and perceived stress were 42.7%(n=227) and 49.0%(n=260), respectively. Students in the NES group had significantly higher levels of depression (P<0.001) and stress (P=0.002) compared to the non-NES group, whereas no significant difference was found in BMI (P=0.130). Spearman correlation analysis showed that NEQ scores were positively correlated with SDS and PSS scores (both P<0.001), but not with BMI (P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that depression (OR=22.995, 95% CI: 5.434-97.304, P<0.001) and stress (OR=2.825, 95% CI: 1.282-6.227, P=0.010) were positively associated with NES risk, and the risk increased with the severity of depression.

Depression and stress are critical risk factors for NES among university students. Enhancing mental health may serve as an effective approach to NES prevention and intervention.

To develop a knowledge, attitude, and behavior questionnaire on screen use among caregivers of children and to test its reliability and validity.

Based on the theory of “Knowledge-Attitude-Practice”, the initial questionnaire was formed through literature analysis, research group discussion, two rounds of Delphi expert consultation and pre-investigation. Through convenient sampling, 270 main caregivers of children aged 2 to 12 in Heilongjiang Province were selected for questionnaire investigation. Item analysis of the data was conducted, and internal consistency coefficient was used to analyze the reliability of the questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis and content validity were used to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire.

The formal questionnaire consisted of 5 items on general information, 10 items on knowledge dimension, 7 items on attitude dimension, and 9 items on behavior dimension. The Item - Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.850 to 1.000. The Scale-Level Content Validity Index (S-CVI) was 0.808, and the Scale-Level Content Validity Index/Average (S-CVI/Ave) was 0.982. The factor loadings for all items were greater than 0.4, and the contribution rate of cumulative variance was 63.346%, indicating good validity. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the questionnaire overall was 0.892, and the Cronbach’s α coefficient of the three dimensions ranged between 0.738 and 0.886, with good reliability.

The questionnaire has good reliability and validity, and can be used as an evaluation tool for the level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of caregivers of children.

To investigate the causal association of twelve lifestyle behaviors in six categories (including smoking, drinking, physical activity, sexual behaviors, sleep habits and nutrients) on uterine fibroids using mendelian randomization (MR) method, and to investigate the mediating role of obesity related indicators.

Using genome-wide association study data, bidirectional MR analysis was first performed to identify exposures with causal associations with the outcome, which were then incorporated into multivariable MR to evaluate the independent causal effect of each variable, and finally two-step MR was used to evaluate the mediating role of obesity in the above causal pathways. Univariable MR analysis primarily employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, with the MR-Egger regression and the weighted median method used as the robustness verification methods; Multivariable MR was performed using the multivariable IVW method.

IVW results showed that genetically predicted regular smoking (OR=1.150, 95% CI: 1.006-1.316, P=0.041), higher alcohol intake (OR=1.306, 95% CI: 1.092-1.563, P=0.004) and higher carbohydrate intake (OR=1.681, 95% CI: 1.151-2.456, P=0.007) were risk factors for uterine fibroids, and were consistent with the results of the MR-Egger regression and the weighted median method. No reverse causal relationship was found in reverse MR analysis (all P values<0.05). Multivariable MR analysis showed that regular smoking (OR=1.302, 95% CI: 1.124-1.507, P<0.001) and carbohydrate intake (OR=1.410, 95% CI: 1.053-1.887, P=0.022) had independent causal effects on uterine fibroids. The two-step MR analysis showed that the waist hip ratio adjusted by body mass index mediated the effect of regular smoking on uterine fibroids, with a mediation proportion of 16.2%.

Regular smoking and higher carbohydrate intake are associated with an increased risk of uterine fibroids, with obesity partially mediating the relationship between regular smoking and uterine fibroids, emphasizing the importance of healthy lifestyle and weight management in the prevention of uterine fibroids.

To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of chronic pain among community-dwelling older adults in Shanghai, China.

A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was employed to recruit residents aged ≥60 years from August to November 2023. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic characteristics, pain status, and indicators of pain severity. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with moderate to severe chronic pain.

A total of 3 606 valid responses were obtained. The overall prevalence of chronic pain was 73.9%, with mild pain being the most common (60.4%). The mean age of participants was 73.2±9.4 years. The most frequently reported pain sites were the lumbosacral region, shoulders, and neck. Major pain relief approaches included traditional therapies (55.7%), topical medications (41.5%), and oral analgesics (40.1%). Pain intensity was significantly correlated with psychological distress (r=0.793) and impaired daily functioning (r=0.795). Female sex (OR=1.291), higher educational attainment (OR=1.620-1.679), poor spousal health (OR=1.777-3.112), and impaired ability of daily living (OR=0.481) were independently associated with increased risk of moderate to severe pain.

Chronic pain is highly prevalent among older adults in Shanghai communities, predominantly manifesting as mild pain. Female gender, higher education level, poor spousal health, and limited self-care ability are significant risk factors for moderate to severe pain. Early identification of high-risk individuals and multidimensional interventions are essential to improve pain management and reduce the burden of chronic pain in this population.