To explore the association between gallstones and CVD among ethnic minority populations in Guizhou Province, as well as the mediating effect of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in this association, in order to provide reference suggestions for reducing the burden of CVD.

Based on the database of Cohort Study of Native Natural Population in Ethnic Minority Gathering Areas in Southwest China, stratified and multi-stage cluster sampling was used to conduct a baseline survey of ethnic minorities aged 30 - 79 years in Qiandongnan and Qiannan Prefectures of Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2019. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between gallstones and CVD, and the mediating effect model was used to evaluate the mediating effect of glomerular filtration rate in the association.

The detection rate of CVD in Guizhou minority population was 3.16 %, among which the detection rates of Dong, Miao and Buyi were 3.27%, 3.07 % and 3.12%, respectively. The total detection rate of gallstones was 9.03%. Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for all the variables (model 3), the detection rates of CVD in the total population [OR（95%CI）: 1.633(1.269-2.102)], the Dong [OR（95%CI）: 1.567(1.077-2.280)], and Miao [OR（95%CI）: 1.679(1.055-2.673)], gallstones were positively associated with CVD. No association between gallstones and CVD was found in the Buyi population. Subgroup analysis showed that Dong patients with gallstones<60 years old were positively correlated with CVD [OR（95%CI）: 1.825(1.022-3.258)], gallstone patients without hyperlipidemia [OR（95%CI）: 2.151(1.352-3.422)], gallstone patients without hypertension [OR（95%CI）: 1.612(1.013-2.565)] were positively correlated with CVD. Miao≥60 years old [OR（95%CI）: 1.878(1.038-3.397)], male [OR（95%CI）: 1.546(1.212-5.586)], BMI≥24 [OR（95%CI）: 1.972(1.160-3.354)], gallstone patients with hypertension [OR（95%CI）: 2.264(1.297 - 5.429)] were positively correlated with CVD. Mediation analysis revealed that the glomerular filtration rate accounted for 16.96%, 12.08%, 17.43%, and 14.52% of the mediating effect between gallstones and CVD in the total population, Dong, Miao, and Buyi people, respectively.

Gallstones are positively correlated with CVD in the Dong and Miao populations in Guizhou Province, especially in the overweight and hypertension population of the Miao nationality. There is no association between gallstones and CVD in the Buyi population. Glomerular filtration rate has a partial mediating effect between gallstones and CVD.

This study assesses the status and determinants of treatment delays among patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in Guizhou Province, 2016-2022, aiming to inform the development of RR-TB control strategies in the region.

Data on RR-TB patients from 2016 to 2022 were extracted from the "Tuberculosis Management Information System," a subsystem of the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System." The trend in treatment delay rates over time was analyzed using Trend chi-square test, while logistic regression models were used to examine the factors influencing these delays.

From 2016 to 2022, Guizhou Province reported 513 cases of treatment delays among patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB), resulting in a treatment delay rate of 23.29%. The rate of treatment delays decreased from 2016 to 2019 (Trend chi-square test=9.099, P=0.003), reaching its lowest in 2018 at 10.53%. However, from 2020 to 2022, the rate of treatment delays exhibited an upward trend (Trend chi-square test=5.937, P=0.015), peaking in 2021 at 31.62%. Multivariable analysis indicated that compared to migrant populations, patients undergoing initial treatment, and those tested with molecular biological drug sensitivity tests, non-migrant patients (OR=1.496, 95%CI=1.198 to 1.867), new patients (OR=1.774, 95%CI =1.344 to 2.342), patients with relapse (OR=1.494, 95%CI=1.110 to 2.011), and those tested using traditional drug sensitivity methods (OR=2.985, 95%CI=2.323 to 3.834) were at higher risk for treatment delays.

From 2016 to 2022, the overall trend of treatment delays in rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) patients in Guizhou Province showed a decline. However, there was an increasing trend during the COVID-19 pandemic. This suggests a need to enhance the prevention and control of drug-resistant tuberculosis in key areas such as Bijie City. There is also a need to intensify health education for patients with drug resistance, implement patient-centered care systems for those patients, expand the application of molecular biological drug sensitivity testing techniques, and strengthen the referral and admission mechanisms for RR-TB patients.

To explore the mediating effect of depression between life self-care ability and frailty.

Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression model and Bootstrap repeated sampling method were used to analyse the relationships and mediating effects between activity of daily living, depression and frailty.

A total of 1 554 middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years or older were included. The prevalence of debility was 14.1%, with a self-care score of 5.9±0.4 and a depression score of 9.4±6.0. Activity of daily living was significantly negatively correlated with depression and frailty (r=-0.14, r=-0.23, both P<0.001), and depression and frailty were positively correlated (r=0.34, P< 0.001). Activity of daily living (β=-0.164, P<0.001) and depression (β=0.013, P< 0.001) were influences on frailty, and depression partially mediated the relationship between activity of daily living and frailty, with a mediating effect of 12.17%.

Depression reduces the ameliorative effect of self-care ability on debility.

To analyze the mediating role of activities of daily living ability in older adults and the long-term relationship between cognitive trajectories and the risk of all-cause mortality.

Based on the CLHLS data from 2002 to 2008, the Group-based Trajectory model (GBTM) was used to identify the heterogeneous trajectories of cognitive function in older adults, using CLHLS data from 2008 to 2018 as the follow-up time for all-cause mortality risk. The connection between the cognitive trajectories and the risk of all-cause mortality was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, Log-Rank tests and Cox regression analysis. Marginal structure model was used to analyze the mediating effect of ADL in their relationship, with subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis conducted.

A total of 4 177 older adults aged 65-105 years who participated in follow-up for three consecutive years were enrolled, and two cognitive trajectory groups were identified: the low-decline group (n=691, 16.61%) and the high-stable group (n=3 186, 83.39%). By Log-Rank test, there was a statistically significant difference in survival rate between the different cognitive trajectory groups (χ²=323.69, P<0.01). After adjusting for other covariates, the risk of all-cause death was still lower in the high-stable group (HR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.57-0.71) compared to the low-declining group. ADL had a mediating effect in the relationship between cognitive trajectories and the risk of all-cause mortality, and the indirect hazard ratio was 0.93 (95%CI: 0.87-0.98). The results of subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were consistent with the trend of the main research results.

There are different cognitive trajectories in the elderly, and cognitive trajectories can affect the risk of all-cause mortality, ADL plays a mediating role in this relationship. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically monitor cognition, detect problems in time, and take targeted measures to reduce the risk of death in the elderly.

To investigate the relationship of sleep duration and sleep quality with depression in young and middle-aged people in Tibet.

From May 2018 to August 2019, people aged 30 and above in Chengguan District of Lhasa City were selected by random cluster sampling method for questionnaire survey, and the independent and combined effects between sleep and depression was analyzed by multifactor logistic regression model.

A total of 5 510 young and middle-aged people aged 30-59 years old were included in the study. The age was (44.7 ± 8.5) years old, and 1.9% of them were defined with depression. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that shorter sleep duration and poor sleep quality were risk factors for depression in young and middle-aged people after adjusting for confounding factors. Compared with 8 hours of sleep duration daily, the OR (95% CI) of depression for those with sleep duration ≤ 6h and 7h were 3.51 (1.91-6.44) and 1.89 (1.06-3.37), respectively. The OR (95% CI) of depression was 2.24 (1.46-3.46) in the poor sleep quality group compared with those with good sleep quality. Subgroup analysis showed that male with sleep duration ≤6 h and female with sleep duration ≤7h were risk factors for depression. The association of sleep quality with depression was statistically significant in different gender groups. The combined effects of sleep duration and sleep quality were associated with depression, and sleep duration ≤6 h and poor sleep quality had the strongest association with depression (OR=7.43, 95%CI: 3.50-15.75).

Shorter sleep duration (≤7h) and poor sleep quality are associated with depression in young and middle-aged people at high altitude, and there is a combined effect. There are gender differences in the association of sleep duration with depression.

To use neural networks and optimization algorithms, establish an obesity level prediction model to assess obesity risk.

Perform correlation analysis on 2 111 recorded data collected from participants aged between 14 and 61 years old in Mexico, Peru, and Colombia, and establish a BP neural network obesity level prediction model. At the same time, optimize the number of hidden nodes and transfer function of the model through pruning to find the optimal network structure. In addition, the genetic algorithm and the simulated annealing algorithm were used to optimize the weights and thresholds of the model, ultimately establishing a high-precision and practical GASA-BP neural network obesity level prediction model.

The R² of the prediction model was 0.975 1, and the MAE was 0.352, indicating high prediction accuracy and strong practicality. In the process of predicting obesity levels in the model, weight index was the most important, with a correlation of 0.913 with obesity levels. The correlation between overweight members in the family was also relatively strong, with a correlation of 0.505.

The GASA-BP neural network prediction model performs better than other models in predicting obesity levels, and can make the most accurate prediction of obesity levels, providing guidance and reference for personalized obesity assessments and subsequent prevention and control measures.

To explore the excess hospitalization and structural change in hospitalization costs of acute respiratory infections (novel coronavirus infection excluded) in Yantian, Shenzhen, as the changing epidemiological patterns of respiratory infections. To provide information for the development of evidence-based public health policies and the burden of disease control measures.

Adjusted Serfling regression models were used to estimate the excess hospitalization and degree of structural change and grey correlation analysis was employed to analyze the change in structure of hospitalization costs and the association of items, based on the data from the regional health information platform in Yantian District from 2020 to 2023.

In 2023, there were 1 698 excess hospitalization cases of acute respiratory infection, with an excess rate of 170.82%, accounting for 63.08% of the total number of hospitalizations. An increase in the number of viral and mycoplasma infections may be the reason for the excess hospitalization. There was a change in the structure of hospitalization costs, with the diagnostic category having the greatest value, contribution, and association with the structural change in costs.

There was a high excess hospitalization for acute respiratory infections and structural change in hospitalization costs was observed in 2023. Surveillance systems should be continuously improved to capture abnormal epidemics or excess hospitalizations to provide evidence for medical resource preparation and allocation. Clinical pathway management should be continuously strengthened to reduce the medical cost of patients.

To understand intake frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and the consumption habit among primary and secondary students. To explore the relationship of SSBs cognition and behavior，and to provide a basis for reducing students’ intake of SSBs.

A multi-stage sampling process was employed to select subjects from primary and middle school in Shenzhen. Network questionnaire survey was conducted to collecting information in September and October, 2021. Spearman rank correlations was used to analyze relationships of various types of SSBs consumption frequency. Multivariable linear regression model was used to examine the relationship between SSBs cognition score and consumption frequency score. Hierarchical analysis to explore the interactions.

A total of 16 840 primary and secondary students aged 6 to 18 years old were included. The prevalence of SSBs consumption at least 3 time/week was 58.9%, the grades 1-3, 4-6 and middle school students were 52.3%, 60.3% and 67.6%. Parents (73.3%) were the main buyers of SSBs, convenience stores (73.7%) were the main places and delicious (77.2%) was the major cause of choices. There was a positive correlation between the intake frequency of different types of SSBs (P<0.001). The results of multivariate linear regression showed that the higher the cognition was, the lower the intake frequency of SSBs was (β=0.179, 95%CI：0.155-0.204). There was a multiplicative interaction between the cognitive score of SSBs and the educational level of parents (P<0.00l).

The intake frequency of SSBs was high among primary and middle school students in Shenzhen, and the cognitive level of SSBs was related to the intake frequency and the educational level of parents.

To explore the current situation and influencing factors of the family burden of patients with severe mental disorders.

The main guardians of 715 patients with severe mental disorders in Qingyang City were selected as the research object by the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. A self-made questionnaire was applied to investigate the guardian’s demographic data, family situation, health status, patient demographic data, and disease treatment. The current situation of family burden was investigated by the Family Burden Scale (FBS). Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to analyze the influencing factors of family burden for patients with severe mental disorders.

The total FBS score was 22.36±13.11, and the burden of medium and above accounted for 50.57%. The financial burden on the family was the heaviest. The results of multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the patient’s education level, marital status, monthly medication expenses, current condition, medication adherence, medical security, guardian’s health status, relationship with the patient, cohabitation time, and monthly family income were the influencing factors of family burden (P<0.05).

The family burden of patients with serious mental disorders in Qingyang City is relatively heavy. Families with unstable patient conditions, high monthly medication expenses, low household income, guardians in sub-health or suffering from chronic disease, and long-term living with the patient require further attention. Providing these families with assistance and support is essential to alleviating their burden.

To analyze the relationship between parental academic upward social comparison perception(PAUSCP) and mobile phone dependence tendency(MPDT) among children, and explore the chain mediation of learning boredom(LB) and academic self-handicapping(ASH).

In October 2023,1 024 higher primary school pupils were tested with parental academic upward social comparison perception scale, academic self-handicapping scale, learning boredom scale, and mobile phone dependence tendency scale,and process 4.3were used to analyze mediation.

Not detected tendency accounted for 54.78%, potential Children’s MPDT accounted for 27.25%, and MPDT accounted for 17.97%.Boys(χ²=10.975,P=0.004), grade(χ²=47.055,P<0.001), relationship with parents(χ²=28.453,P<0.001) and residence(χ²=14.128,P=0.007)was correlation factors. Total indirect effect of PAUSCP → MPDT was 0.115(95%CI:0.090,0.142), effect size P_M=58.67%.Indirect effect of PAUSCP→LB→MPDTwas 0.064(95%CI:0.042,0.090).Indirect effect PAUSCP→ASH→MPDT was 0.024(95%CI:0.013,0.038).Indirect effect of PAUSCP→LB→ASH→MPDT was 0.027(95%CI:0.018,0.040).

Parental academic upward social comparison perception can indirectlyaffect mobile phone dependence tendencyamong childrenthrough learning boredom and academic self-handicapping.