To analyze the trends in the disease burden of schizophrenia among Chinese adolescents aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2021, reveal age, period, and cohort effects, and predict the disease burden trend from 2022 to 2030, providing a basis for formulating targeted prevention and control strategies.

Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease study, Joinpoint regression was used to analyze trends in age-standardized rates, an age-period-cohort model was applied to interpret age, period, and cohort effects on incidence and prevalence.

From 1990 to 2021, the incidence rate, prevalence rate, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rate of schizophrenia among Chinese adolescents showed a downward trend, decreasing from 33.64/100 000, 145.77/100 000, and 98.69/100 000 to 31.51/100 000, 133.55/100 000, and 90.80/100 000, with decline rates of 6.33%, 8.38%, and 8.00%, respectively. In contrast, the age-standardized incidence rate, prevalence rate, and DALY rate increased slowly at average annual growth rates of 0.05%, 0.13%, and 0.14%, respectively. The trend of age-standardized incidence rate could be divided into three periods: 1990-2008 (APC=-0.02%), 2005-2016 (APC=-0.28%), and 2016-2021 (APC=0.77%). The trend of age-standardized prevalence rate was divided into four periods: 1990-2004 (APC=-0.01%), 2004-2010 (APC=0.13%), 2010-2016 (APC=-0.14%), and 2016-2021 (APC=0.84%). The trend of age-standardized DALY rate was divided into four periods: 1990-2005 (APC=0.02%), 2005-2010 (APC=0.20%), 2010-2016 (APC=-0.16%), and 2016-2021 (APC=0.81%). The age-period-cohort model revealed that the risks of incidence and prevalence increased significantly with age (RR values for the 20-24-year-old group were 2.37 and 4.41, respectively, significantly higher than 0.30 and 0.17 in the 10-14-year-old group), showed a mild upward trend over time (RR values increased from 0.94 and 0.91 in 1990-1994 to 1.08 and 1.11 in 2020—2021), and decreased with later birth cohorts (RR values for the 1970-1974 birth cohort were 1.07 and 1.11, dropping to 0.96 and 0.92 in the 2010-2014 cohort).

From 1990 to 2021, the incidence, prevalence, and DALY rates of schizophrenia among Chinese adolescents showed a downward trend, while the standardized rates exhibited a slow upward trend. Age growth and temporal trends were key factors in risk elevation, while younger birth cohorts exhibited lower risks. Dynamic intervention strategies targeting adolescents are needed in the future, with particular attention to the rising age-standardized burden.

To assess the level of health literacy on cancer prevention and control and its influencing factors among residents in Sichuan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for optimizing health education strategies on cancer prevention and control.

In April 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to recruit 28 163 permanent residents aged 15-69 from 21 cities (prefectures) in Sichuan Province for a cross-sectional survey. The χ² test was used to analyze the differences among different groups, and the multivariate Logistic regression model was employed to explore the influencing factors of cancer prevention and control literacy.

After weighted adjustment, the overall literacy level of cancer prevention and control among residents in Sichuan Province was 45.16%. There were differences in the literacy levels of various dimensions. Specifically, the literacy levels for cancer awareness, cancer prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, cancer management, and cancer rehabilitation were 37.45%, 48.74%, 63.40%, 79.04%,and 39.22%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that residents aged 25-69, with an educational level of junior high school or above, working in government/public institutions, holding urban household registration, with an annual household income of ≥50 000 RMB, non-smokers, and with self-rated health statuses of poor, fair, or good were more likely to possess cancer prevention and control literacy. Conversely, residents with a household size of 4 or more, and those without a family history of cancer were less likely to possess such literacy. All these findings were statistically significant (P<0.05).

The literacy level among residents in Sichuan Province still needs to be improved, requiring enhanced public education on primary cancer prevention and rehabilitation management knowledge, with targeted awareness campaigns for key populations.

Understand the current situation of palliative care services in Chengdu, analyze existing problems, and provide policy recommendations for further promoting the development of palliative care.

Relying on the Chengdu Municipal Palliative Care Quality Control Center to conduct a cross-sectional survey and collect city-wide data related to palliative care.

Thirty-three medical institutions provide palliative care services, offering a total of 512 beds, with 188 physicians, 325 nurses, 179 nursing aides, 59 social workers, and 145 volunteers. Medical staff with a master’s degree or higher and those with an associate senior title or higher account for 8.96% and 10.92%, respectively. The establishment rates of psychology and nutrition departments are 24.24% and 51.52%, respectively. Outpatient palliative care services include four items such as condition assessment and medication consultation, while inpatient services cover eight items including symptom control and comfort care. Home-based palliative care services consist of four items such as communication guidance and condition assessment. In 2022, a total of 2 295 palliative care patients were admitted, with an average length of stay of 18.02 days and an average cost per admission of 9 840 yuan.

There is a relative shortage of highly qualified health professionals in palliative care, a severe insufficiency in psychological and nutritional support services, and underutilization of palliative care resources. It is imperative to improve the palliative care service system, strengthen the training of specialized personnel, place greater emphasis on nutritional and psychological support services, and enhance the efficiency of palliative care resource utilization.

To describe and analyze the willingness of married women of childbearing age in Guangxi to have children again and the factors affecting them, to understand the reproductive supporting policies expected by women of childbearing age, and to provide a reference basis for the government to optimize the reproductive policy and improve the supporting measures.

Based on the data from the Seventh National Health Service Survey of Guangxi in 2023, women aged 20-49 years old who were married with one or two children were taken as the study subjects, and their willingness to have another child and their influencing factors were analyzed by multifactorial logistic regression.

Of the 934 married women of childbearing age who had children, 12.10% had the desire to have another child. The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the married fertile women aged 30-34 years(OR=0.241, 95%CI: 0.111-0.520), 35-39 years(OR=0.162, 95%CI: 0.075-0.350), 40-44 years(OR=0.066, 95%CI: 0.029-0.151), 45-49 years(OR=0.027, 95%CI: 0.011-0.070) and married women of childbearing age who already had two children(OR=0.094, 95%CI: 0.057-0.156) had a lower intention to have another child. The top reason for no longer wanting to have children was financial burden (73.91%). In the survey on complementary policies to address the desire to have more children, the accessibility of education resources and a lighter education burden (29.55%) ranked first.

In Guangxi, the overall willingness of married women of childbearing age to have children again is low, and economic factors are the most important reason affecting childbearing, so government departments need to improve the relevant policies on childbearing, education, housing subsidies and so on.

To analyze and quantify the evaluation of China’s hepatitis B prevention and control policies, providing a reference for the formulation and improvement of subsequent related policies.

Taking the hepatitis B prevention and control policies issued at the national level as the research object, with policy documents retrieved from official sources such as the PKULaw Database, the Chinese Government Website, and the National Health Commission, and a retrieval deadline up to December 1, 2024, text mining was conducted on the policy documents, while a PMC index model was constructed to quantitatively evaluate representative policies.

The average PMC score of 9 policies was 6.79, which was generally good,of which 1 was excellent, 6 were good, and 2 were qualified, the 9 policies were in the first-level variables X1 policy nature (0.89 points), X5 policy timeliness (0.89 points), The X7 policy receptor (0.89 points) scored high, and the X3 policy structure (0.58 points) and X6 policy domains (0.51 points) scored lower.

The overall quality of hepatitis B prevention and treatment policies in China is relatively high, but it needs to be further improved in terms of policy structure, policy areas, policy quantity, and issuing agencies.

To explore the influencing factors of medical staff’s active reporting of adverse medical events by using Logistic regression and decision tree models, and to provide corresponding solutions.

A total of 811 medical workers in a tertiary hospital were investigated by random sampling. Logistic regression and decision tree model were used to analyze the factors of active reporting of medical adverse events by medical staff, and the area under ROC curve was calculated to compare and judge the analysis effect of the two models.

Only 55.1% of the medical staff in this hospital have voluntarily reported medical adverse events. The results of the two models showed that occupation, working years, knowledge of the reporting process of the hospital, and whether additional work would be added to the cumbersome reporting procedures were the influencing factors for the active reporting of medical staff (P<0.05). The AUC of Logistic regression model was greater than that of decision tree model, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=3.424, P<0.001).

The rate of active reporting of medical adverse events by medical staff in this hospital is relatively low. It is suggested that multiple measures be taken to promote the active reporting by medical staff.

To explore the mediating effect of the number of chronic diseases and nighttime sleep duration on the relationship between somatic pain and depression in older adults, so as to provide reference for the improvement of older adults’ mental health.

Data from the China Health and Aged Care Tracking Survey (CHARLS) 2020 were used to explore the correlation between somatic pain, the number of chronic diseases, the number of hours of sleep at night, and depression among older adults by using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis, and the chain mediation effect was analyzed by using the Bootstrap method in the Process 4.1 program of SPSS.

A total of 4 109 study participants were included in this study, in which the depression detection rate was 46.90% and pain prevalence was 64.37%. The direct effect of somatic pain on depression was significant (β=0.480, 95%CI:0.429 to 0.532), the separate mediated effect of the number of chronic disease prevalence was significant (β=0.042,95%CI:0.030 to 0.056), and the separate mediated effect of the length of nocturnal sleep was significant (β=0.054, 95%CI:0.042 to 0.067). The chain-mediated effect of the number of chronic diseases and nighttime sleep duration was significant (β=0.002, 95%CI:0.001 to 0.004).

The number of chronic diseases and hours of nighttime sleep mediated the separate and chain-mediated effects between somatic pain and depression in older adults. Therefore, it is recommended to improve the geriatric health policy, incorporate geriatric pain assessment and management into the scope of basic public health services, focus on chronic disease management and sleep regulation in older adults, and realize the forward movement of depression prevention.

To analyze the tobacco epidemic status among residents in Nanshan District, Shenzhen, evaluate the effectiveness of tobacco control, and propose improvement strategies.

A multistage sampling method was used to select 1 969 households across the district for home visits and surveys. Weighted data analysis was performed using R 4.3.3 software.

The current smoking rate among residents in Nanshan District, Shenzhen, was 13.56% (95%CI: 10.01%-17.72%), which was lower than the level of Shenzhen City in 2022 (19.07%), with males having a higher rate than females (, P<0.01). The current use rate of e-cigarettes was 1.98%, with the age range concentrated between 25 and 44 years old, and the rate in males was higher than that in females (, P<0.05). The smoking cessation rate was 19.52% (95%CI: 11.69%-29.37%). The smoking cessation attempt rate was 55.01% (95%CI: 41.57%-67.98%). The main quitting method was dry quitting, 22.09% (95%CI: 14.66%-30.96%). The exposure rate to second-hand smoke was 57.17% (95%CI: 49.89%-64.25%). Among places with second-hand smoke exposure, the exposure rate in restaurants was the highest (33.23%) (95%CI: 28.46%-38.25%). In terms of awareness of the harms of smoking, 32.73% knew that smoking can cause impotence, and only 28.38% were aware of all four diseases (stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, and impotence) caused by smoking. The awareness rate of all three diseases (adult heart disease, children’s lung diseases, and adult lung cancer) caused by second-hand smoke exposure was 43.62%.

The smoking rate among residents in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City has been effectively controlled, but challenges persist, including youth-oriented e-cigarette use, severe second-hand smoke exposure, and insufficient awareness of tobacco-related harms. Strengthening enforcement of smoking bans in public spaces, improving smoking cessation services, and enhancing targeted health education are urgently needed.

Regarding the effect of alcohol intake on the risk of gout, existing studies have shown a diversity of conclusions. Therefore, we conducted Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to assess the causal association between various types of alcohol intake and the risk of gout.

Instrumental Variables (IVs) were obtained from Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) databases. We used the TwoSampleMR package in R to perform MR analysis with the Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) method. The Cochran Q test was employed to assess heterogeneity, and the intercept and P-value from MR-Egger regression were used to test and adjust for horizontal pleiotropy. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using the Leave-One-Out (LOO) method.

The MR analysis revealed a significant positive causal association between Beer/Cider Intake and Gout (logOR=1.187, 95%CI: 0.033 - 2.340, P=0.044). A significant negative causal association was found between White Wine Intake and Gout (logOR=-0.878,95%CI: -1.626--0.131, P=0.021). Similarly, Red Wine Consumption showed a significant negative causal association with gout (logOR=-6.514, 95%CI: -10.678--2.350, P=0.002). Fortified Wine Intake demonstrated a significant positive causal association with Gout (logOR=2.045,95%CI:0.097-3.994, P=0.040). When all types of alcohol were considered as a whole, a significant negative causal association with gout was observed (logOR=-1.462, 95%CI:-2.801--0.123, P=0.032). Spirits showed pleiotropy in relation to gout (P<0.05) and were therefore not included in the analysis.

The MR analysis results indicate that Beer/Cider Intake and Fortified Wine Intake may be a risk factor for the development of gout; Whereas White Wine Intake and Red Wine Consumption may reduce the incidence of gout. When all types of alcohol were considered as a whole, their consumption may reduce the risk of gout.

To promptly identify common respiratory viruses causing infections and facilitate effective therapeutic interventions in resource-limited settings such as grassroots, clinics, border areas, and border defense, this study established a visual detection method based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology and CRISPR/Cas12a (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated 12a) system.

Initially, conservative sequences of each virus target were designed, and RPA primers along with single-strand guide RNAs (sgRNAs) were selected. Subsequently, the RPA technology was integrated with the CRISPR/Cas12a detection method for visual detection of influenza A virus, influenza B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, and human rhinovirus.

The detection method yielded results within 1.5 hours, with a sensitivity of 3.5 copies/μl plasmid, and exhibited no cross-reactivity between each virus target. In terms of detection accuracy, this method demonstrated higher consistency compared to the control Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, (qRT-PCR) method.

The visual detection method established in this study possesses good specificity and high sensitivity for the common five respiratory virus infections. It is suitable for on-site detection of common respiratory virus infections, especially in resource-limited environments, and holds promising clinical application prospects.