To assess the presence of enteroviruses and diarrheal viruses in the environmental sewage of Aba in 2022, and to provide evidence supporting effective control measures against these viruses.

Sewage samples were collected monthly throughout 2022, then eluted and concentrated by anionic membrane adsorption.Through this, enteroviruses were isolated and identified. At the same time, nucleic acid was extracted from the concentrated liquid, and real-time fluorescent PCR was used to detect several diarrhea viruses, such as group A rotavirus, norovirus, Sapovirus, human astrovirus and enteric adenovirus.

A total of 12 environmental sewage samples were collected from January to December 2022. Out of these, 3 strains of polioviruses and 9 non-polio enteroviruses were isolated. All 3 poliovirus strains were detected as Type 3 vaccine-like poliovirus (PV) strains. Group A rotavirus and norovirus genotype II were detected every month. Norovirus type I and enteric adenovirus were observed in all months except November. Human astrovirus was absent in samples from July, August, November and December. Sapovirus was not identified throughout the year.

Enteroviruses and diarrheal viruses exist widely in Aba’s environmental sewage. Environmental sewage surveillance can offer a comprehensive view of these viruses’ etiological and epidemiological characteristics. Continuous environmental sewage surveillance can predict and warn the epidemic and outbreak of enteroviruses and diarrheal virus-related diseases.

The epidemic situation of influenza from 2014 to 2023 in Huanggang City was analyzed to provide reference for prevention and control of influenza in Huanggang City.

The data of influenza online report, ILI monitoring data and etiological detection data in Huanggang City from 2014 to 2023 were collected and analyzed.

From 2014 to 2023, the annual incidence of influenza in Huanggang City ranged from 5.38/100,000 (2014) to 1,178.19/100,000 (2023), with a trend of first increasing (2014-2019), then decreasing (2020-2022), and reaching a peak in 2023.Retrospective spatiotemporal scanning analysis showed that the onset time was mainly concentrated in December of each year and January and February of the following year. In the epidemic season, Huangzhou, Luotian and Qichun were the main cluster areas of Class I and Class II. The ILI% value of each year in Huanggang City from 2014 to 2023 ranged from 4.41% to 13.17%, and the difference of ILI% each year was statistically significant (χ²=83 652.46,P<0.01), and the annual change trend was similar to that reported by influenza network.The positive rate of influenza virus in ILI case samples showed the characteristics of peak in winter and spring and small peak in summer, and H3N2, H1N1 and BBV were alternately or co-prevalent in each year and within each year.The analysis of correlation results between ILI% and positive rate of influenza virus showed that: except 2014-2016 and 2020-2022, the other 4 years showed positive correlation, and the P-value was less than 0.05,

The prevalence of influenza in Huanggang showed an increasing trend year by year, with obvious seasonal characteristics and temporal and spatial aggregation. The dominant strains, mainly H1N1, H3N2 and BV, alternated or co-circulated within the year and between different years.

To describe and analyze the burden and changing trends of ischemic heart disease(IHD)attributed to dietary risks in China from 1990 to 2021, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of IHD in China.

Standardized DALY rates and standardized mortality rates for IHD in China from 1990 to 2021 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease database(GBD 2021).

In 2021, the standardized DALYs rate and mortality rate of IHD attributed to dietary risks in China were 820.87 and 44.26 per 100,000 respectively, showing a decrease of 14.45% and 5.24% compared to 1990. China’s rates were only higher than regions with high sociodemographic index and lower than global and other regional levels.Dietary risks were significantly higher in males compared to females, with the main risk factors being high-sodium diet, lowwholegrain diet, and high omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid diet.Both DALYs rate and mortality rate increased significantly with age.The overall trend from 1990 to 2021 shows a decline in the standardized DALYs rate and mortality rate of IHD attributed to dietary factors in China, with an Average Annual Percentage Change(AAPC) of 0.54% and 0.24% respectively.

The burden of disease and mortality rate of IHD attributable to dietary risks in China have shown an overall declining trend. However, the disease burden attributable to dietary risks is higher in males than in females, and higher in those aged 70 and above compared to those under 70. The burden of IHD attributable to dietary risks is expected to continue rising. To alleviate the burden of IHD, it is essential to enhance health education for males and middle-aged and elderly populations, increasing their awareness of IHD prevention and control. This can be achieved by promoting healthy eating habits and lifestyle practices to improve physical fitness management.

To construct a land use regression (LUR) model for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) in Zunyi.

Collect and organize hourly PM2.5 monitoring data from routine air quality monitoring stations from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020, as well as geographic information data such as land use, roads, population density, altitude, and meteorological factors in Zunyi. Conduct multiple stepwise linear regression with PM2.5 concentration as the dependent variable and geographic information variables and meteorological factors as independent variables to construct a model. Use leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) to verify the performance of the model.

The model formula is Y=72.656-0.026×altitude-0.009×NDVI-0.62×average temperature-383.512×average precipitation. The model had R²=0.74, adjusted R²=0.72, cross validation R²=0.69, RMSE=3.51, and a high spatial resolution (250 m×250 m).

The model fits well and fully reflects the influencing factors of PM2.5 spatial distribution in Zunyi. It can be used to estimate individual exposure levels and provide strong support for environmental health epidemiological research.

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the potential correlation between the presence of 22 metals in urine and the risk of developing gallstones in Bouyei population in qiannan region, ultimately aiming to furnish a scientific foundation for early preventative measures and targeted interventions.

From July 2018 to August 2019, a baseline survey was conducted among residents aged 30 to 79 years in Qiannan Bouyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture using multistage stratified cluster sampling, including questionnaires, physical examination and ICP-MS to detect urine metal concentration. Urinary metal concentrations were divided into four groups (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), and binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between single metal and gallstone risk. At the same time, the dose-response relationship between metal concentration and gallstone risk was investigated by using restricted cubic splines.

The gallstone detection rate of Bouyei population was 8.825%. After adjusting for covariates, binary logistic regression analysis revealed that in the male group, compared to the Q1 group, there was a positive association between gallstone risk and selenium in the Q2 group (OR=1.894, 95%CI: 1.046-3.431), Se in the Q3 group (OR=1.912, 95%CI: 1.053-3.472), and Fe in the Q3 group (OR=1.827, 95%CI: 1.040-3.210). In the female group, Al in the Q3 group (OR=1.460, 95%CI: 1.050-2.028) was positively associated with gallstone risk, while Na in the Q4 group (OR=0.654, 95%CI: 0.452-0.948) was negatively associated with gallstone risk, with a dose-response relationship observed.

There is a significant correlation between the concentration of certain metals in urine and the risk of gallstones. In the Bouyei female population in particular, urinary aluminum and urinary sodium concentrations have a significant impact on gallstone formation, providing possible directions for future prevention and treatment strategies.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C in Dongguan City from 2005 to 2022, and to provide scientific theoretical guidance for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis C in the future.

The reported cases and demographic data in Dongguan City from 2005 to 2022 were collected and analyzed by Excel 2016, SPSS25.0 and Joinpoint Regression Program 4.9.1.0 software. The value is 0.05 as a standard test.

From 2005 to 2022 the average annual incidence of hepatitis C in Dongguan city was 12.84/100 000. The annual incidence showed an upward trend from 2005 to 2011 (APC=15.74%) and a downward trend from 2011 to 2021 (APC=-5.41%). The incidence of reported cases in Guancheng district (34.78/100 000), Shilong Town (25.33/100 000) and Xiegang Town (17.90/100 000) were among the top three in all the towns and streets. The average annual incidence in males (17.45/100 000) was higher than that in females (8.17/100 000), moreover, the incidence in male has declined since 2014 (APC=-7.01%), and the incidence in female has declined since 2011 (APC=-7.64%). The ages of onset were mainly from 20 to 49 years old(15 873 cases, 75.07%),In the age group of 50 to 59 years, the annual incidence showed an upward trend(AAPC=24.47%). The most affected population group was housewives and unemployed individuals (6 003 cases,28.39%) and the annual constituent ratios was on the rise (AAPC=6.59%).

The reported incidence level of hepatitis C in Dongguan is higher than that in China. And the annual reported incidence has declined since 2011. Improving the prevention and cure of hepatitis C among men, 20 to 59 age group and housewives and unemployed individuals is suggested to reduce the incidence of hepatitis C effectively.

To explore the association between the accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors and the elevated resting heart rate in community residents aged 35-75 years in Shanghai

Participates were obtained from the China PEACE Million Persons Projects. 8 districts in Shanghai were selected from 2017 to 2019, and the screening was carried out between adults aged 35 to 75 years in communities. Questionnaires, physical examinations and laboratory tests were conducted. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test were used to compare groups by using R 4.2.2 software. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to explore the correlation between the number of common risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, the combination of different risk factors and elevated resting heart rate.

Among 87934 participants, the mean age was 59.1±9.7 years. Compared with the group with no risk factors, the OR(95%CI) for elevated resting heart rate for the groups with 1, 2, 3 and ≥4 risk factor were 1.42（1.36-1.47）、1.70（1.53-1.77）、1.94（1.84-2.05）and 2.17（1.99-2.36）, respectively. The risk of elevated RHR was the most strongly influenced by the cardiovascular risk factor clustering number in the female group aged 35 to 44 with ≥4 risk factors,and the OR(95%CI) was 3.77 (2.10-4.27). In the combination of risk factors, more metabolic risk factors were associated with a higher risk of elevated resting heart rate.

Resting heart rate may serve as a simple and practical indicator of the cumulative effect of multiple cardiovascular risk factors, which can help early identification of individuals at high cardiovascular risk in relatively healthy people, so as to enable early intervention.

To explore the level of knowledge and demand for vaccination among parents of hospitalized premature infants in Chongqing, so as to provide reference for the development of targeted health education and early training programs in the future.

A purposive and cluster sampling survey was conducted from August to October 2023, using a self-designed questionnaire to investigate and analyze the vaccination awareness and needs of parents of premature infants hospitalized in 9 hospitals in Chongqing.

The overall awareness rate of parents of hospitalized premature infants was 79.28%, the awareness rate of routine vaccination knowledge was 85.80%, the awareness rate of vaccination knowledge of premature infants was 73.69%. Family upbringing history, education level, place of residence, economic income, and whether having received relevant training are the influencing factors of knowledge awareness. 25.46% parents of premature infants said that they would take their children for vaccination within one week after discharge. 85.06% parents thought that they were lack of vaccination knowledge. 88.41% parents thought that it was necessary to carry out vaccination health education for premature infants.

The vaccination knowledge level of parents of hospitalized premature infants in Chongqing needs to be improved, among which parents who have given birth to their first child, have low educational level, live in rural areas, have low family income and have not received vaccination knowledge training for premature infants are the key groups of health education and early training, and the timing and safety of vaccination are key points of training. It is an important way to train medical staff as the main body and combine various health education means.

To study the effects of superfine grinding treatment on the composition and efficacy of loquat branches.

After the loquat branches were superfine grinding treated, the contents of total phenols, total flavonoids, polysaccharides, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid in the extracts from loquat branches with different particle sizes were detected by spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of extracts from superfine loquat branches was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS free radical scavenging assay and FRAP assay. SPF-grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank/model control group, drug group, loquat leaf control group, and low, medium, and high dosage of superfine loquat branches according to their body weights. The expectorant effect of extracts from superfine loquat branches was evaluated by phenol red excretion assay, and the antitussive effect of extracts from superfine loquat branches was evaluated by ammonia-induced cough assay.

The total phenol, total flavonoid and oleanolic acid contents of the three particle size loquat branch groups were higher than those of the branch control group (P<0.05, P<0.01), the total phenol and total flavonoid contents of the 220-mesh and 400-mesh loquat branch groups were higher than those of the leaf control group (P<0.05), and the ursolic acid contents of the 220-mesh and 400-mesh loquat branch groups were higher than those of the branch control group (P<0.01). In the in vitro experiment, the DPPH IC₅₀ and ABTS IC₅₀ of the three particle size loquat branch groups were lower than that of the branch control group (P<0.05), and the FRAP value was higher than that of the branch control group (P<0.05), and the DPPH IC50 and ABTS IC50 of the 200 mesh and 400 mesh loquat branch groups were lower than that of the leaf control group (P<0.05), and the FRAP value was higher than that of the leaf control group (P <0.05). In the phenol red excretion experiment, the phenol red excretion was significantly elevated in mice in the high-dose superfine loquat branch group (P<0.05). In the ammonia-induced cough experiment, both medium-dose and high-dose superfine loquat branches groups prolonged the latency period of coughing and the number of coughs in mice (P<0.05).

Appropriate superfine grinding treatment can increase the content of the efficacy components of loquat branches, enhance their antioxidant effect, and at the same time, they have certain expectorant and antitussive effects.

To analyze the participation of mutual help and pension and influencing factors of the elderly in China, and to provide a reference basis for the long -term development of mutual help.

Based on the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS) data, single -factor deck analysis, non-conditional logistic regression and Shapley decomposition method was used to analyze the influencing factors and differences in the participation of the elderly people in my country.

The participation rate of mutual support for the elderly in China was only 19.72%, the participation level was low, and the awareness of mutual support for the elderly was weak. Multivariate Logistic regression results showed that the participation of the elderly in mutual support for themwas affected by the demographic characteristics, personal physical conditions, family conditions, pension concepts and ways. Shapley decomposition showed that the contribution rate of each factor to the elderly’s participation in mutual support for the elderly was different, and the physical condition of the elderly had the greatest impact on their participation in mutual support for the elderly, the contribution rate was 19.96%. The second was the participation in insurance and the need for help from others, with the contribution rates of 19.27% and 12.33% respectively.

It’s of great importance tocreate a platform for mutual assistance for the elderly, improve the government incentive mechanism, improve the community support network, and create a good atmosphere of mutual assistance, strengthen mutual assistance pension and education, and play a role of family support.