To explore the latent profile categories of economic toxicity in lung cancer patients and their differential characteristics, analyze the relationship between economic toxicity and health-related quality of life, and propose nursing interventions.

A survey was conducted among 218 lung cancer patients receiving treatment at two tertiary hospitals in Luzhou, Sichuan, using a general information questionnaire, the financial toxicity scale for cancer outcomes, the multidimensional social support scale, and the quality-of-life measurement scale for lung cancer patients. Latent profile analysis of economic toxicity was performed, and influencing factors were examined using univariate analysis and logistic regression. The correlation between economic toxicity and health-related quality of life was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients.

A total of 218 lung cancer patients were included, with economic toxicity classified into three categories: moderate economic toxicity risk group (C3), mild economic toxicity group (C2), and no economic toxicity group (C1). Logistic regression results indicated that household savings of >10 000 to 29 999 yuan (OR=28.763, 95%CI: 3.653-226.508), household savings of ≤10 000 yuan (OR=9.753, 95%CI: 2.642-36.003), and loss of employment due to illness (C2 vs. C1: OR=10.763, 95%CI: 2.091-55.394; C3 vs. C1:OR=18.745, 95%CI: 3.579-98.190) were significant influencing factors of economic toxicity in lung cancer patients. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between economic toxicity and overall health-related quality of life scores (r=0.241, P<0.01).

There is significant heterogeneity in the economic toxicity experienced by lung cancer patients. Nurses should develop personalized intervention strategies based on these classification characteristics to identify lung cancer patients at risk of economic toxicity early and alleviate their economic burden, thereby improving their health-related quality of life.

To investigate the relationship between physical and cognitive activities and cognitive function in different socioeconomic status (SES) populations, providing a basis for interventions targeting cognitive impairment in elderly individuals of varying SES.

Data were sourced from the Hubei Memory and Aging Cohort Study (HMACS), including physical examinations and cognitive assessments. SES was categorized into low, medium, and high groups based on education level, occupation, and income. Physical Activity (PA) and Cognitive Leisure Activity (CLA) were standardized through a comprehensive scoring system based on the type, duration, and frequency of activities. Chi-square tests or t-tests were used to analyze group differences, while multivariate logistic regression examined the association between SES and overall cognitive impairment as well as specific cognitive domains. General linear regression models analyzed the relationship between activity scores and cognitive function in elderly individuals across different SES groups.

A total of 8 597 eligible participants aged ≥65 years were included in HMACS, with a mean age of 72.2 (±6.0) years, an average education level of 7.9 (±5.2) years, including 4 735 females (55.1%), 3 008 from rural areas (35.0%), and 2 155 currently unmarried individuals (25.2%). Among them, 1 553(18.1%) were classified as low SES, and 2 677 (31.1%) had cognitive impairment. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 1.88 times (95%CI: 1.62-2.18) higher in the medium SES group and 3.61 times (95%CI: 2.92-4.46) higher in the low SESgroup compared to the high SES group. In the medium SES group, PA showed the strongest association with memory and attention functions (β=0.06, 95%CI: 0.02-0.11; β=0.08, 95%CI: 0.04-0.12, respectively). In the low SES group, CLA demonstrated the strongest associations with overall cognitive function, memory, language, attention, and processing speed compared to the high SES group, with respective β values of 0.20 (95%CI: 0.12-0.28) vs. 0.03 (95%CI: 0.01-0.05), 0.15 (95%CI: 0.06-0.24) vs.0.04 (95%CI: -0.01-0.10), 0.07 (95%CI: -0.03-0.16) vs. 0.02 (95%CI: -0.02-0.07), 0.15 (95%CI: 0.07-0.24) vs. 0.06(95%CI: 0.00-0.11), and 0.22 (95%CI: 0.08-0.36) vs. 0.04 (95%CI: -0.02-0.09). Additionally, the combination of PA and CLA in the low SES group showed the strongest associations with overall cognitive function, memory, language, attention, and processing speed compared to the high SES group, with β values of 0.29 (95%CI: 0.19 to 0.40) vs. 0.04 (95%CI: 0.00 to 0.07),0.14 (95%CI: 0.02 to 0.26) vs. 0.05 (95%CI: -0.03 to 0.13), 0.11 (95%CI: -0.01 to 0.23) vs. 0.05 (95%CI: -0.01 to 0.11), 0.17(95%CI: 0.07 to 0.28) vs. 0.09 (95%CI: 0.01 to 0.17), and 0.23 (95%CI: 0.04 to 0.41) vs. -0.02 (95%CI: -0.09 to 0.05).

Physical and cognitive activities have a more significant impact on improving cognitive function among elderly individuals with low socioeconomic status. Implementing CLA and combined PA with CLA in low SES populations shows promising cognitive improvement effects.

To provide a reference for the expansion and balanced distribution of quality medical resources, thereby promoting maternal and child health.

This study utilized panel data from 31 provinces, cities, and autonomous regions from 2012 to 2021. The Moran I index and Getas-Ord G* index were employed to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics and hotspot distributions of quality medical resources. The Grossman health production function was used to explore the effects of quality medical resources on maternal and child health.

From 2012 to 2021, the overall quality of medical resources in China showed an upward trend, with the number of tertiary hospitals increasing from 1 624 to 3 275, increasing by 101.66%.The Moran I indices for the years 2012, 2017, and 2021 were 0.292, 0.286, and 0.264, respectively, indicating a declining trend in the spatial autocorrelation of quality medical resources. For every additional tertiary hospital per 10 000 square kilometers, the infant mortality rate decreased by approximately 2.73‰, and the maternal mortality rate decreased by about 0.25 per 100 000.

The overall trend of quality medical resources in China is upward, with the eastern region experiencing the highest increase in quality medical resources, while the western region shows the greatest percentage increase. A significant“East-Central-West” hierarchical differentiation pattern exists, characterized by a spatial clustering distribution, where the eastern region is high, the central region is relatively high, and the western region is low. The effects of quality medical resources on maternal and child health are significant, negatively impacting both infant and maternal mortality rates.

To explore the association between mixed exposure to low concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, mercury) and bone density, as well as the mediating effects of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), parathyroid hormone (PT), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P).

A cross-sectional study was conducted based on NHANES survey data, including a total of 1 465 participants. Polynomial logistic regression was used to analyze related risk factors, and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) was employed to assess the impact of mixed exposure to cadmium, lead, and mercury on bone density. The mediation effects of ALP, BAP, PT, Ca, and P in the relationship between exposure to cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and bone density were analyzed using the Mediation package in R software (Bootstrap method).

The results of polynomial logistic regression indicated that the risk of bone loss increased at the third quartile (T3) of Cd concentration (OR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.08-2.26); the risk also increased at the second quartile (T2) of Pb concentration (OR=1.49, 95%CI: 1.06-2.08). Conversely, the risk of osteoporosis decreased at T3 of Hg concentration (OR=0.38, 95%CI:0.15-0.94). BKMR model analysis revealed that increased concentrations of cadmium, lead, and mercury were associated with a decrease in bone density scores (T-score), with posterior inclusion probabilities for Cd, Pb, and Hg being 1, 1, and 0.47, respectively. Mediation analysis showed that Cd influenced bone density through the mediating effects of ALP and Ca, with mediation proportions of -32.3% and -64.9%, respectively. Hg affected bone density through the mediating effects of ALP and BAP, with mediation proportions of 7.3% and 61.8%. Pb influenced bone density through the mediating effects of ALP, BAP, and PT, with mediation proportions of 38.9%, 97.6%, and 1.5%, respectively.

There is a negative correlation between low concentrations of mixed exposure of cadmium, lead, and mercury and T-score, and the mediating effects of ALP, BAP, PT, and Ca are statistically significant.

To explore the factors related to cognitive impairment in elderly individuals aged 60 and above in China from the perspective of social determinants of health, providing a reference for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment in the elderly.

Utilizing data from the fourth wave of the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we conducted a statistical description of the cognitive status of 5 721 elderly individuals aged ≥60. A multifactor logistic regression model was employed to analyze factors affecting cognitive status in the elderly, investigating the impact of the interaction between depression symptoms and disability on cognitive impairment.

Among the participants, 2 277 individuals (39.80%) were identified with cognitive impairment. Risk factors for cognitive impairment included being female (OR=1.702, 95%CI: 1.491 to 1.943), aged ≥80 years (OR=1.862, 95%CI: 1.467 to 2.364), experiencing depression (OR=1.333,95%CI: 1.173 to 1.514), having a disability (OR=2.082, 95%CI: 1.687 to 2.569), sleeping more than 8 hours (OR=1.582,95%CI: 1.288 to 1.944), and residing in central and western regions (OR=1.275, 1.538; 95%CI: 1.109-1.467, 1.337-1.771). There was a multiplicative interaction between depression and disability affecting cognitive status in the elderly (P _interaction=0.005), with no additive interaction observed (RERI=-1.217, 95%CI: -2.480 to 0.046; AP=-0.522, 95%CI: -1.112 to 0.069;S = 0.523, 95%CI: 0.291 to 0.938).

The detection rate of cognitive impairment among elderly individuals in China is concerning. The multiplicative interaction of depression and disability on cognitive status suggests that the government should intervene from the perspective of social determinants of health, implementing multidimensional strategies to achieve an integrated approach to prevention and treatment.

To assess the association between mood swings and pancreatic cancer using two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) and to identify potential mediators between mood swings and pancreatic cancer through multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR).

Summary statistics for mood swings were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Summary data for pancreatic cancer were derived from a cross-population atlas of 220 human phenotypic genetic associations. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with body mass index (BMI) and several common risk factors for pancreatic cancer, including smoking, alcohol consumption, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, were sourced from the UK Biobank and the IEU database. Causal relationships between mood swings and pancreatic cancer were explored using inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods. A series of sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the stability of the results.

Genetically predicted mood swings were positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk, with the IVW method indicating that individuals with genetically determined mood swings had an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer (OR=2.05, 95%CI: 1.21-3.48). After adjusting for BMI using MVMR, the association between mood swings and pancreatic cancer was attenuated (OR=1.45, 95%CI: 0.94-2.23). Mediation analysis estimated that BMI partially mediated the causal relationship between mood swings and pancreatic cancer risk, with a mediation proportion of 48.2%.

The findings of this study indicate a positive correlation between mood swings and the risk of pancreatic cancer, potentially mediated by effects on BMI.

To explore the causal relationship between serum micronutrients and hypertension using Mendelian randomization, thereby promoting the prevention and health management of hypertension.

Fourteen serum micronutrients were selected as exposure factors, with hypertension as the outcome. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted based on genome-wide association study data from European populations, followed by multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses to identify variables that may have a causal relationship with the outcome, determining the independent effects of each exposure factor on the outcome.

Univariate Mendelian randomization analysis indicated a positive causal effect of elevated copper levels on the incidence of hypertension (P<0.05). Multivariable Mendelian randomization showed that the causal relationship between copper and hypertension remained significant after controlling for potassium and vitamin B6 (OR=1.028, 95%CI: 1.009-1.047, P<0.05).

There is a causal relationship between elevated copper levels and hypertension. However, the findings of this study require validation through randomized controlled trials.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2023,providing a scientific basis for its prevention and control.

Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HAV reported in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2023 using data from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System.

A total of 55 586 cases of HAV were reported in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2023, with an average annual incidence rate of 14.54 per 100 000. The incidence rate decreased from 31.19 per 100 000 in 2005 to 0.75 per 100 000 in 2023. The regions with the highest incidence rates were Kizilsu (31.45 per 100 000) and Hotan (24.55 per 100 000). The majority of cases were among scattered children (39.70%). The age group with the highest incidence was 0 to 15 years (36.08%). The gender ratio decreased to 1.00 by 2023.

Between 2005 and 2023, the prevention and control measures for HAV in Xinjiang were significantly effective. Continued efforts in vaccination and enhanced comprehensive prevention measures for children are necessary.

To analyze the physical exercise habits of urban and rural residents in Henan Province and their association with depression, anxiety disorders, and insomnia.

A stratified multi-stage random sampling method was employed to survey residents aged 18 and older in urban and rural areas of Henan Province. Data on demographic characteristics, physical exercise, and mental health status were collected using questionnaires and screening scales. Subsequent diagnosis of mental disorders was performed on individuals screened out by the scales, and analyses were conducted using χ² tests and logistic regression.

(1) Among 10 057 urban and rural residents, the proportions of individuals engaging in minimal, low, moderate, and high levels of exercise were 46.8%, 21.1%, 26.1%, and 6.0%, respectively. Statistically significant differences in exercise levels were observed across various demographics, including region, gender, age, education level, occupation, marital status, monthly income, smoking habits, drinking habits, health status, and mental health literacy (P<0.05). (2) Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that, after adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and health status, participants engaging in moderate exercise had a lower risk of depression (OR=0.670, 95%CI: 0.470-0.954) and insomnia (OR=0.758, 95%CI: 0.651-0.883) compared to those who did not exercise. (3) Logistic regression results among different demographic groups showed that participants engaging in moderate exercise had a lower risk of insomnia in urban (OR=0.674,95%CI: 0.446-0.987), rural (OR=0.664, 95%CI: 0.547-0.805), male (OR=0.744, 95%CI: 0.592-0.935), and 18-35 age groups (OR=0.514, 95%CI: 0.313-0.842). In the female population, those engaging in moderate exercise had a lower risk of depression (OR=0.296, 95%CI: 0.171-0.512) and anxiety disorders (OR=0.613, 95%CI: 0.432-0.870) compared to non-exercisers. Additionally, compared to non-exercisers, participants with small (OR=0.774, 95%CI: 0.627-0.955), moderate (OR=0.682, 95%CI:0.56-0.827), and high levels of exercise (OR=0.542, 95%CI: 0.367-0.800) had lower risks of insomnia. Among the 36-59 and ≥60 age groups, participants engaging in moderate exercise had a lower risk of depression (OR=0.621, 95%CI: 0.374-0.932; OR=0.502, 95%CI: 0.284-0.887), anxiety disorders (OR=0.665, 95%CI: 0.460-0.960; OR=0.737, 95%CI: 0.582-0.925), and insomnia (OR=0.674, 95%CI: 0.545-0.833; OR=0.625, 95%CI: 0.482-0.812).

There are significant differences in physical exercise levels among different demographic groups. Participants engaging in moderate exercise have a lower risk of depression and insomnia, with a more pronounced correlation between physical exercise and mental disorders observed in females and older adults.

To verify the relationship between social participation and cognitive decline in the elderly, and to explore the effects of different types of social participation on cognitive decline based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

A total of 3 016 individuals aged 60 and above, who were followed across all five waves and did not have Alzheimer’s disease, was selected from the database to construct a balanced panel dataset. A fixed-effects Logit model controlling for individual-level characteristics was established.

The prevalence of cognitive decline among the elderly at baseline was 6.4%, which increased to 30.7% by the fifth wave. The proportion of cognitively declined elderly individuals engaging in social participation was 3.2% to 10.5% lower than those not participating. In the fixed-effects Logit analysis, the odds ratio (OR) was 0.575 (95%CI: 0.502-0.658), indicating an impact magnitude of approximately 40%. Among different types of social participation, social engagement significantly affected cognitive decline, with an OR of 0.640 (95%CI: 0.494-0.828).

The government should implement the concept of active aging, improve participation mechanisms, effectively ensure the rights of the elderly to engage in social participation, and encourage their involvement in social activities.