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To explore the factors related to cognitive impairment in elderly individuals aged 60 and above in China from the perspective of social determinants of health, providing a reference for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment in the elderly.
Utilizing data from the fourth wave of the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we conducted a statistical description of the cognitive status of 5 721 elderly individuals aged ≥60. A multifactor logistic regression model was employed to analyze factors affecting cognitive status in the elderly, investigating the impact of the interaction between depression symptoms and disability on cognitive impairment.
Among the participants, 2 277 individuals (39.80%) were identified with cognitive impairment. Risk factors for cognitive impairment included being female (OR=1.702, 95%CI: 1.491 to 1.943), aged ≥80 years (OR=1.862, 95%CI: 1.467 to 2.364), experiencing depression (OR=1.333,95%CI: 1.173 to 1.514), having a disability (OR=2.082, 95%CI: 1.687 to 2.569), sleeping more than 8 hours (OR=1.582,95%CI: 1.288 to 1.944), and residing in central and western regions (OR=1.275, 1.538; 95%CI: 1.109-1.467, 1.337-1.771). There was a multiplicative interaction between depression and disability affecting cognitive status in the elderly (P interaction=0.005), with no additive interaction observed (RERI=-1.217, 95%CI: -2.480 to 0.046; AP=-0.522, 95%CI: -1.112 to 0.069;S = 0.523, 95%CI: 0.291 to 0.938).
The detection rate of cognitive impairment among elderly individuals in China is concerning. The multiplicative interaction of depression and disability on cognitive status suggests that the government should intervene from the perspective of social determinants of health, implementing multidimensional strategies to achieve an integrated approach to prevention and treatment.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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