To analyze the influencing factors of myopia in children and adolescents, providing references for precise myopia prevention.

A stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 1 660 students aged 9 to 18 from six schools in Jiading District, Shanghai, for vision testing and questionnaire surveys from September to October of 2021.The random forest model was utilized to rank the importance of myopia influencing factors, and the sliding window sequential forward selection method was applied for dimensionality reduction. The factors with the highest importance scores and the lowest average out-of-bag estimation error rates were included in a multifactorial logistic regression analysis model to estimate the direction and effect values of the influencing factors.

The myopia rate among the 1 660 children and adolescents was 71.99%. The random forest model indicated that the average out-of-bag estimation error rate was minimized when the number of variables was six. When incorporated into the multifactorial logistic regression analysis model, the results showed that advancing educational stage (junior high: OR=5.191, 95%CI: 3.738-7.209; senior high: OR=6.989, 95%CI: 4.309-11.338), parental myopia (one parent myopic: OR=3.669, 95%CI: 2.723-4.943; both parents myopic: OR=5.231, 95%CI: 3.510-7.795), increased reading and writing duration (<1h: OR=12.192, 95%CI: 3.373-44.066; 1-2h: OR=11.985, 95%CI: 3.364-42.704; ≥2h:OR=10.547, 95%CI: 2.957-37.622), participation in extracurricular classes (<6 years: OR=3.114, 95%CI: 2.046-4.740; ≥6 years: OR=1.817, 95%CI: 1.351-2.444), and using only ceiling lights for reading and writing at home after dark (OR=2.921,95%CI: 2.009-4.248) were identified as risk factors for myopia. In contrast, a sleep duration of ≥8 hours (OR=0.383, 95%CI:0.264-0.557) was identified as a protective factor against myopia.

The prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents is high, and targeted measures should be implemented based on the identified influencing factors for myopia prevention and control.

To establish a training system for laboratory operators in Biosafety Level 2 laboratories, aimed at enhancing the knowledge level of personnel, standardizing operational skills, and reducing laboratory accidents.

The Delphi method was employed to conduct two rounds of consultations with 17 experts in the field of biosafety from Beijing, Shanghai,Xinjiang, Fujian, Anhui, Chongqing, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen to determine the indicator system, while the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to establish the weights of the indicators.

The response rates for the two rounds of questionnaires were 94.44% and 100.00%, respectively, with expert authority coefficients of 0.962 and 0.944. The Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W) was high (all P < 0.01). Ultimately, the training system was defined to include 5 primary indicators, 21 secondary indicators, and 83 tertiary indicators.

This training system is structurally complete and content-rich, demonstrating strong scientific validity and reliability, and can serve as a reference for the training and assessment of laboratory operators in Biosafety Level 2 laboratories.

To analyze the multiple mediating effects of different types of social activities on the relationship between health status and cognitive function, providing insights for mitigating cognitive impairment in older adults.

Using data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 7 991 individuals aged 65 and older were selected to construct a multiple mediation model examining the mediating effects of physical exercise, cultural and recreational activities, interpersonal interactions, and family life on the relationship between self-rated health and cognitive function.

Self-rated health and the four types of social activities were significantly correlated with cognitive function (P < 0.01). Physical exercise, cultural and recreational activities, interpersonal interactions, and family life exhibited partial mediating effects between self-rated health and cognitive function. Specifically, self-rated health directly influenced cognitive function with an effect size of 0.591 (95%CI: 0.471-0.710). Furthermore, self-rated health mediated cognitive function through the four types of social activities. The mediating effect size was 0.010 (95%CI: 0.002-0.018) for physical exercise, 0.083 (95%CI: 0.055-0.113) for recreational activities, 0.061 (95%CI: 0.042-0.080) for interpersonal interactions, and 0.078 (95%CI: 0.054-0.104) for family life.

Self-rated health can delay cognitive decline in older adults by promoting their participation in social activities.

To understand the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox-related absenteeism among primary and secondary school students in Huai’an city, providing reference for further improving chickenpox prevention and control in schools.

Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze data on chickenpox-related absenteeism collected from the Jiangsu Provincial Student Health Monitoring System for the 2018 to 2022 academic years. The circular distribution method was used to analyze the seasonal characteristics of absenteeism due to chickenpox.

The average annual rate of chickenpox-related absenteeism among primary and secondary school students in Huai’an city from 2018 to 2022 was 26.23 per 100 000. The absenteeism rates varied between 11.96 (2021 academic year) and 70.84 (2020 academic year) (χ²=101 240.39, P < 0.01), with an average of 3.98 days absent per student. The absenteeism rate for boys was higher than that for girls (27.06 vs. 25.26, χ²=166.19, P < 0.01). Among different school types, the average absenteeism rate ranged from 4.30 (vocational high schools) to 39.97 (primary schools), with urban students exhibiting a higher average absenteeism rate compared to those in suburban areas (30.84 vs. 17.10, χ²=9 519.78, P < 0.01). A primary peak in absenteeism occurred from October to December in the first semester, while a secondary peak was observed from April to June in the second semester. Circular distribution method analysis revealed a significant seasonal concentration trend, with peak days occurring on November 26 and May 18, and peak periods spanning from October 29 to December 25 and from April 9 to June 26, respectively (Z values of 48 673.79 and 217.29, with P values < 0.01).

The rate of chickenpox-related absenteeism among primary and secondary school students in Huai’an city is relatively high. Monitoring should focus on boys, primary schools, urban areas, and the two peak periods (October-December and April-June). The circular distribution method for analyzing seasonal characteristics of absenteeism due to chickenpox demonstrates good practicality and can provide data support for chickenpox prevention and control in schools.

Self-perceptions of aging (SPA) are a critical issue in the mental health of middle-aged and older adults, yet the complex relationship with obesity remains insufficiently explored. This study analyzes the impact of obesity on SPA among this demographic.

Utilizing longitudinal follow-up data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in the United States, logistic regression was employed to examine the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and SPA, while restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to reveal potential nonlinear associations.

After adjusting for baseline age, gender, race, education level, marital status, number of chronic diseases, depressive symptoms, functional limitations, and baseline SPA levels, grade 2/3 obesity was associated with negative SPA (OR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.08-2.07), and a significant nonlinear relationship between BMI and SPA was observed (P-overall < 0.001, P-nonlinear = 0.042). Subgroup analysis indicated that among individuals under 80 years old, females, those with a high school education or lower, Caucasians, individuals with depressive symptoms, and those without functional limitations, grade 2/3 obesity was positively correlated with negative SPA.

Obesity in middle-aged and older adults is related to negative SPA. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the potential psychological impacts of obesity during the aging process and develop more targeted prevention and intervention strategies to assist obese individuals in improving their mental health as they age.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of five live attenuated dengue vaccines and one inactivated dengue vaccine using Bayesian network meta-analysis, providing a scientific basis for dengue epidemic prevention and control as well as vaccine development.

A systematic search was conducted in various Chinese and English databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan fang Database, based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy and safety of six dengue vaccines were selected. The quality of the literature was evaluated using RevMan 5.4 software, and Bayesian network meta-analysis of relevant outcome indicators from the included RCTs was performed using R 4.3.1 software.

A total of 20 studies involving 120 909 participants were included. The results of the Bayesian network meta-analysis indicated that the efficacy of three live attenuated vaccines was notable and the ranking from highest to lowest efficacy was as follows: Butantan-DV > TAK-003 > CYD-TDV. Among these, the dengue vaccine combining serotype 4 non-structural genes and serotype 2 structural genes (Butantan-DV) showed the best preventive effect, with a risk probability of dengue infection post-vaccination lower than that of other vaccines (OR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.09-0.45). In terms of safety, the six vaccines showed varying risks of adverse events and ranked as follows: V180 > CYD-TDV > TV003 > TV005 > Butantan-DV > TAK-003. Notably, the inactivated vaccine (V180) presented a higher risk of adverse events (OR=2.28, 95%CI: 1.02-5.15).

Based on the quantity and quality of the included studies, Butantan-DV exhibited the best efficacy among the three live attenuated vaccines, while CYD-TDV demonstrated the weakest efficacy. TAK-003 showed relatively better safety. The literature on the efficacy of the V180,TV003, and TV005 vaccines is quite limited, suggesting potential directions for future research.

To analyze the impact of breastfeeding on life expectancy (LE) and healthy life expectancy (HLE) among rural women.

A cohort study was conducted involving women aged 40 and above from rural Henan. Data on demographic characteristics, personal medical history, and breastfeeding history were collected through questionnaires. The European five-dimensional health scale (EQ-5D-5L) was used to assess the quality-of-life utility index and visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Multi-state life table method was employed to calculate LE and HLE from three dimensions: common chronic diseases, health status utility index, and VAS scores.

Women with breastfeeding history had a lower prevalence of common chronic diseases (21.85% vs 23.46%). The average health status utility index and VAS scores were 0.94±0.12 and 76.85±15.26 for those with a breastfeeding history, compared to 0.93±0.15 and 76.09±17.97 for those without. In terms of common chronic diseases, women with breastfeeding history had HLE and LE at age 40 of 24.10 years and 44.36 years, respectively, which were 3.48 years and 3.23 years longer than those without breastfeeding history. In the utility index dimension, women with breastfeeding history had HLE and LE at age 40 of 35.96 years and 44.58 years, respectively, which were 4.08 years and 4.40 years longer than those without. In the VAS score dimension, HLE and LE at age 40 for women with breastfeeding history were 32.31 years and 46.36 years, respectively, which were 3.39 years and 3.75 years longer than those without. Among the three dimensions, in the utility index dimension, the highest HLE at age 40 was observed based on cumulative breastfeeding duration: ≤36 months (35.34 years), 37-60 months (35.87 years), and ≥61 months (36.34 years).

Breastfeeding is associated with longer HLE and LE among rural women, with those having a breastfeeding history enjoying greater HLE and LE. Increased cumulativebreastfeeding duration correlates with longer LE.

To investigate the potential categories of health literacy in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and their relationship with glycemic control.

A convenience sampling method was employed to select 1 113 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes from the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology between September 2021 and August 2022. General demographic data and diabetes health literacy were assessed using questionnaires, including a diabetes health literacy scale. A latent profile analysis was conducted on the health literacy of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, and glycated hemoglobin levels were measured. The relationship between the latent categories of health literacy and glycemic control was analyzed using χ² tests and binary logistic regression.

The health literacy levels of patients could be categorized into three latent categories: low willingness to improve (31.72%), moderate balanced type (31.35%), and high confidence coping type (36.93%). Propensity score matching successfully matched 283 pairs of subjects. Low willingness to improve health literacy was identified as a risk factor for poor glycemic control in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (OR=2.238, 95%CI:1.355-3.696), while high confidence coping health literacy served as a promoting factor for glycemic control (OR=0.318,95%CI: 0.196-0.516).

High health literacy can facilitate glycemic control in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that targeted interventions should be developed for different health literacy populations.

To develop a Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Scale for Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health and to conduct reliability and validity testing, providing a measurement tool for assessing adolescents’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding sexual and reproductive health.

Based on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior theoretical framework, an initial scale was formed through literature review, expert meetings, and preliminary surveys. A convenience cluster sampling method was employed to include 347 middle school students who met the criteria for item analysis and reliability and validity testing, resulting in the formal version of the scale.

The formal scale consists of three dimensions: knowledge, attitude, and behavior, with a total of 33 items. The expert authority coefficient score was 0.89, and Kendall’s W coefficient was 0.478. The content validity at the item level ranged from 0.82 to 1.00, while the content validity at the scale level was 0.93. Confirmatory factor analysis using Amos 24.0 yielded a model χ²/v of 1.831, RMSEA of 0.049, GFI of 0.842, CFI of 0.91,and PGFI of 0.739, indicating good model fit and structural validity. The overall Cronbach’s α was 0.914, with dimensionspecific Cronbach’s α values of 0.924, 0.767, and 0.741; the splithalf reliability of the total scale was 0.76. The testretest reliability correlation coefficient (r) for the total scale was 0.717 (P<0.001).

The Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Scale for Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health demonstrates good reliability and validity and can be used to assess adolescents’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding sexual and reproductive health.

To investigate the current status of radiation protection in medical institutions in Sichuan Province, providing a reference for the scientific management and resource optimization of radiation diagnosis and treatment protection within the province.

A questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze medical institutions engaged in radiation diagnosis and treatment activities (excluding dental clinics) across 21 cities (prefectures) in Sichuan Province.

By the end of 2023, there were 3 424 medical institutions in Sichuan Province conducting radiation diagnosis and treatment, including 280 tertiary institutions (8.18%), 647 secondary institutions (18.90%), 1 104 primary institutions (32.24%), and 1 393 unclassified institutions (40.68%). A total of 31 763 radiation workers were employed. The province had 9 056 radiation diagnosis and treatment devices, with 3 346 in tertiary institutions (36.95%), 2 057 in secondary institutions (22.71%), 1 510 in primary institutions (16.67%), and 2 143 in unclassified institutions (23.67%). The pass rate for initial inspections of sentinel hospital equipment was 96.00%, while the re-inspection pass rate was 97.41%. Devices over 10 years old accounted for 24.70%, those between 5 to 10 years for 62.10%, and those under 5 years for 13.20%. The annual total of radiation diagnosis and treatment visits reached 49.8 897 million. The province had 48 877 pieces of personal protective equipment for radiation, with an average of more than 13 protective items per device in nuclear medicine and interventional radiology. Compared to 2014, the number of institutions conducting radiation diagnosis and treatment increased by 27%, the number of radiation workers grew by 251%, and the frequency of radiation diagnosis and treatment activities rose by 215%.

The update of radiation equipment is slow, with most devices in use for 5 to 10 years, indicating a need for improved maintenance and monitoring awareness among medical institutions. All levels of medical institutions meet the requirements for the quantity of radiation protection supplies, and there is sufficient provision of protective items in interventional radiology and nuclear medicine projects. Given the increasing frequency of radiation diagnosis and treatment, it is recommended that relevant departments strengthen monitoring of radiation equipment protection to enhance the level of radiation diagnosis and treatment in medical institutions and ensure safe practices in these activities.