To explore the effects of leisure activities (LA), dietary diversity score (DDS) and body fat levels(BMI, WHtR, WC)on the prevalence of physical-psychological-cognitive comorbidities in the elderly.

Based on the CLHLS—2018 data, the comorbidities of the elderly aged 65 and above from 2017 to 2019 were described. The Chi-square and t test were used to compare differences between groups, and multi-factor logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to explore the effects of leisure activities, dietary diversity and body fat indicators on the prevalence of comorbidities in the elderly.

A total of 12 047 subjects were included in the study, and the prevalence of comorbidities was 42.60%, with more females than males. Multivariate regression showed that compared with the Q1 group of LA, the OR and 95% CI of the Q3 group: 0.575 (0.513-0.645); The DDS group OR and 95% CI of the Q3 group: 0.853 (0.774-0.939), P_trend=0.002; Among body fat indicators, only BMI has a significant association. The risk of disease in group Q3 is 1.195 times that of group Q1 (95% CI: 1.065-1.342), P_trend=0.003. Further nonlinear tests indicate that LA and WHtR have non-linear relationships with comorbidities (both P_non-linear< 0.05).

Reasonably controlling body fat levels, increasing engagement in leisure activities, and improving dietary diversity may be effective measures to prevent physical-psychological-cognitive comorbidities in the elderly.

To analyze the mortality trend of ischemic stroke in China from 1982 to 2021, and to explore the effects of age, period and cohort on the mortality rate, so as to provide reference for the scientific prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke.

The study data were derived from the Global Health Data Exchange Platform. Residents aged 5-94 years were used as the study subjects, and a Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of ischemic stroke deaths over time, and the age-period-cohort model was used to assess the age-, period-, and cohort-specific effects on the mortality rate.

The national ischemic stroke mortality rate fluctuated from 80.70/100 000 in 1982 to 64.47/100 000 in 2021, with a mean annual percentage change of -0.505%. The mortality rate of ischemic stroke for men and women fluctuated from 91.56/100 000 and 74.26/100 000 in 1982 to 88.32/100 000 and 48.58/100 000 in 2021, with an average annual percentage change of -0.054% and -0.993%, respectively; the mortality rate of ischemic stroke showed an upward trend with increasing age. With regard to the age effect, the mortality risk of ischemic stroke for male and female residents in the age group of 90-94 years increased by 6 032.91 and 4 754.90 times, respectively, compared with that of the age group of 10-14 years. For the period effect, the risk of death from ischemic stroke in 2017—2021 was 3.17 and 1.94 times higher than that in 1982—1986 for men and women, respectively. For cohort effect, the risk of ischemic stroke death for men and women born in 1892—1896 was 135.15 and 109.51 times higher than that born in 2012—2016, respectively.

The mortality rate of ischemic stroke in China generally showed a fluctuating and decreasing trend, in which the mortality rate of male residents was more prominent compared with that of females. The mortality risk of ischemic stroke is higher with increasing age and period.

To examine the association between physical activity and its different domains with sleep quality among rural older adults in Chengdu, and to further investigate whether this relationship differs between different age groups.

Using data from a cluster randomized controlled trial conducted from May 2021 to May 2023 in rural areas of Chengdu, the study included 511 older adults aged 60 years and above from eight villages. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and other instruments. Linear mixed models were used to analyze the relationship between physical activity andits three domains (leisure time physical activity, work-related physical activity, and household physical activity) and sleep quality.

There was a statistically significant association between leisure time physical activity and sleep quality (P< 0.05), and there was no statistically significant association of total physical activity, work-related physical activity, household physical activity with sleep quality (P > 0.05). The association between leisure time physical activity and sleep quality was more pronounced among those aged ≥ 70 years (β=-0.009, P=0.049).

Rural older adults with higher leisure time physical activity level have better sleep quality. There is a need to carry out intervention programs to increase leisure time physical activity level among rural older adults to improve their sleep quality.

To study the vulnerability and influencing factors of health poverty among depressed people in rural Ningxia and to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the governance and implementation of health poverty prevention.

Based on the 2022 health data survey of depressed people in rural Ningxia, 13 evaluation indicators related to the depressed population were selected from the four dimensions of personal characteristics, health level, health services and living environment of depressed populations, and the main influencing factors were identified through binary logit regression analysis, and the results were quantitatively estimated by Shapley decomposition method.

8.49% of the depressed population was at risk of health poverty vulnerability, and age, number of permanent family residents, and per capita housing area were the main influencing factors of health poverty vulnerability. The results of Shapley's decomposition showed that age (28.63%) contributed the most to it.

The influencing factors of health poverty vulnerability of depressed people in rural Ningxia are multidimensional and complex.In order to prevent more depressed people from falling into health poverty, the local government should improve the living environment of depressed people, pay attention to the health status of the elderly and those with large families, and improve their medical and health services and medical security system, so as to reduce the health poverty vulnerability of depressed people in Ningxia.

To explore the complex relationship between pain, ability to perform daily activities, life satisfaction and sleep in older patients with chronic diseases, and to provide new perspectives and intervention strategies to improve their sleep.

Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2020, this study selected patients with chronic diseases aged 60 years and above as the study subjects, and screened out the sample size of 8 591 that met the criteria.T-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson's correlation analysis were used for the univariate analyses, and PROCESS 4.2 was used for the mediation effect analyses and tests.

Pain in older adults was negatively correlated with sleep duration (r=-0.197) and life satisfaction (r= -0.132), and positively correlated with ability to perform daily activities (r=0.292). The mediation test reported that pain in older adults had a direct effect on sleep duration (95% CI: -0.082--0.057), with ability to perform daily activities (95% CI: -0.015--0.017) and life satisfaction (95% CI: -0.005-0.002) acting as chained mediators between the two.

When improving the health management of older patients with chronic diseases, there is a need to focus on pain, daily mobility and life satisfaction in order to develop more effective intervention strategies.

To investigate the relationship between the Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) and the risk of albuminuria in hypertensive patients based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

This study utilized NHANES data from 2003 to 2018, including 5 705 hypertensive patients. Weighted logistic regression models were employed to adjust for confounding factors, and restricted cubic spline analysis was conducted to assess the correlation. Finally, subgroup analyses were performed to observe the correlation between SIRI and albuminuria in different hypertensive populations.

Among the 5 705 recruited participants, 54.28% were male. The prevalence of albuminuria was 12.81%. In the multivariate logistic regression model 3 with full adjustment for confounding variables, for every one standard deviation increase in SIRI levels, there was a 20% increase in the risk of albuminuria (OR=1.20,95% CI:1.07-1.34). When SIRI was analyzed as quartiles, with Q1 serving as the reference group, Q2 (OR=1.42,95% CI:1.02-1.97), Q3 (OR=1.55,95% CI:1.13-2.11), and Q4 (OR=1.94,95% CI:1.40-2.69) all demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the risk of albuminuria. Restricted cubic spline fitting revealed a non-linear positive correlation between SIRI and albuminuria. Stratified and interaction analyses confirmed the robustness of the results.

SIRI levels demonstrate a non-linear positive correlation with the risk of albuminuria in hypertensive patients and represent a high-risk factor across different age groups and genders within the hypertensive population.

To test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the general medication adherence scale (GMAS) in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease(NTM-PD).

Patients with NTM-PD treated in Wuxi Fifth Hospital affiliated with Jiangnan University from February 2023 to September 2024 were selected as research objects to conduct a questionnaire survey to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of GMAS.

A total of 281 patients were included in the study. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the Chinese version of the universal medication compliance scale was 0.890, and the Cronbach's α coefficient of each dimension was 0.834-0.890. The broken half reliability was 0.806, the split-half reliability of each dimension was 0.834-0.870, and the test-retest reliability was 0.896. Three common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 76.244%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model had a good fit, χ²/df=1.583, GFI=0.928, AGFI=0.884, NFI=0.934, TLI=0.965, CFI=0.974, TLI=0.965, RMSEA=0.063, and had good convergent validity and discriminant validity.

The Chinese version of GMAS has good reliability and validity in NTM-PD patients, mainly middle-aged and elderly people, and can be used to evaluate the level of medication compliance in this population.

To explore the reasonable setting of the experimental teaching project of the core course of undergraduate preventive medicine under the background of "new medicine".

A questionnaire was used to investigate the familiarity and score of the core experimental courses of preventive medicine among professionals in medical institutions and universities, and the results were statistically analyzed. Interviews with experts were conducted for experimental projects with low scores and those recommended by employers to explore reasonable experimental teaching projects for core courses of preventive medicine.

A total of 218 valid questionnaires were collected. The overall score of most experimental items in "Public Health Skills" was more than 8 points, and there was no significant difference in scores among different units (P>0.05). The overall score of the experimental items of the other preventive medicine experimental courses was more than 6 points, and the scores of the classical experimental operation experimental items of the CDC and the primary medical and health institutions were lower than those of other units (P<0.05). After sorting out the open questions in the questionnaire and interviews with experts, each employer intended to recommend adding experimental projects of on-site emergency handling and practical operation.

At present, the experimental teaching project of the core course of the undergraduate specialty of preventive medicine is reasonable. The reasonable setting of classic experimental operation experimental items and comprehensive practical experimental items in the core courses of undergraduate preventive medicine is worth studying.

To study the main influencing factors of anxiety disorders in patients with functional dyspepsia using logistic regression and decision tree models and to understand their psychological characteristics, in order to take targeted measures to improve the mental health status of them.

A questionnaire survey was conducted on 537 patients with functional dyspepsia from two tertiary hospitals in Xinjiang, using a general demographic data survey, Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), Multidimensional Health Control Source Scale (MHLC), and Simplified Niping Digestive Dysfunction Index (SF-NDI). Binary logistic regression model and CHAID algorithm based classification decision tree to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety disorders in patients with functional dyspepsia. Compare the differences between the two models.

Logistic regression results showed that the leaders and staffs of state institutions (OR=5.13, 95% CI:1.031-25.529), freelances, the unemployed(OR=6.3, 95% CI:1.291-30.749), the worse the emotional states (OR=1.167, 95% CI:1.03-1.323), the worse the gastrointestinal symptoms(OR=1.065, 95% CI:1.037-1.095), and health authority control (OR=1.032, 95% CI:1.006-1.06) were associated with a higher risk of anxiety disorders in patients with functional dyspepsia (P<0.05). The results of decision tree modeling showed that gastrointestinal symptoms, health authority figure control and emotional state were the influencing factors of anxiety disorders in patients with functional dyspepsia, among which gastrointestinal symptoms were the most important influencing factors.

Both models have classification and prediction value, but each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The two can complement each other, making the analysis results more practical.

To explore the influence of socioeconomic status on cognitive level and the longitudinal mediating role of loneliness and social participation among the elderly.

A total of 2 060 research samples were included in the 2011, 2014 and 2018 longitudinal data of the China Elderly Health Influencing Factors Longitudinal Survey (CLHLS), and the data were analyzed using cross-lagged mediation model.

There was a positive correlation between the pre-test socioeconomic status and the post-test cognitive level of the elderly, and the association was statistically significant （β=1.048, P<0.001）. The results of 95% of the bootstrap mediating effect test showed that the longitudinal mediating effect of loneliness in the elderly between socioeconomic status and cognition was insignificant -0.004 （-0.012-0.004）. The socioeconomic status of the elderly indirectly positively affected the cognitive level by positively affecting social participation 0.022 （0.009-0.036）, and the mediating effect was 33.06%. The longitudinal chain mediating effect between loneliness and social participation between socioeconomic status and cognition was significantly 0.010（0.002-0.019）, and the mediating effect was 21.03%.

The socioeconomic status of the elderly affects the cognitive level, the social participation of the elderly is the mediating variable of the socioeconomic status affecting the cognitive level,and there is a chain mediating effect between economic status and cognitive level in the elderly's loneliness and social participation. In the future prevention of cognitive dysfunction in older adults, special attention should be paid to the impact of socioeconomic status loneliness, and social participation.