To discuss the correlation between urinary metal elements and kidney stones in Miao population in Guizhou Province since there are few studies on the association between urine metal concentration and the risk of kidney stones in ethnic minorities.

In this study, 3 933 Miao people were sampled from the cohort database of natural populations living in ethnic minority areas in southwest China, and the concentrations of urine metals(arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, lithium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, strontium, vanadium and zinc) were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The urinary metal concentration was divided into four groups: Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4, and the relationship between the exposure of a single metal to the risk of kidney stones was analyzed by binary logistic regression model, and the dose-response relationship between the concentration of monometals and the risk of kidney stones was explored by restriction cubic spline.

The detection rate of kidney stones of Miao ethnic group in Guizhou Province was 20.59%, the detection rate of male was 18.27%, and the detection rate of female was 22.02%. The results of the binary logistic regression model showed that when the covariate was not adjusted. In Miao women, after adjusting the covariate, the Q1 exposure group was used as the reference, and the chromium Q4 group(OR=0.534, 95% CI: 0.337-0.846) was used. Lead Q3 group(OR=0.546, 95% CI: 0.400-0.745); Lead Q4 group(OR=0.657, 95% CI: 0.482-0.895) was negatively correlated with the risk of kidney stones. In Miao men, after adjusting for covariates, manganese Q4 group(OR=1.911, 95% CI: 1.274-2.867) was positively correlated with the risk of kidney stones. Further restriction cubic spline analysis showed that there was a dose-response relationship between urine chromium and the risk of kidney stones in Miao women(P<0.05). There was no dose-response relationship between urine lead and the risk of kidney stones(P>0.05), and in Miao men, there was a dose-response relationship between urinary manganese and the risk of kidney stones(P<0.05).

Heavy metals in urine affect kidney stones which supports the view that metal exposure plays a role in the development of kidney stones.

To provide scientific basis for formulating strategies to improve the health management of medical personnel, we analyze the resilience level, coping styles, and influencing factors of 2 100 medical personnel under sudden public health emergencies.

Using the convenience sampling method, 22 medical institutions were selected from Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and a self-designed electronic survey questionnaire was distributed based on the professional characteristics of medical personnel, the resilience scale of medical personnel, and the coping style scale.

The total score of medical staffs’ resilience was 71.246±11.442. The total score of medical staffs’ coping style was 58.614±11.493. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the resilience level of medical staff were hospital type (social health service center t=1.966, P=0.049), employment form (contract system t=4.031, P<0.001), professional title (intermediate professional title t=2.749, P=0.006), marital status (married t=3.471, P=0.001), monthly income (5 000-10 000 t=2153, P=0.031, >10 000 t=2.475, P=0.013), received psychological training (t=6.295, P<0.001). The main factors affecting the coping style level of medical personnel were hospital type (social health service center t=2.612, P=0.009), time of medical activity (11-20 years social health service center t=2.484, P=0.013, >20 years t=2.594, P=0.010), employment form (contract system t=3.716, P<0.001), professional title (intermediate professional title t=2.268, P=0.023), psychological training received (t=6.338, P<0.001) and occupational type (management t=2.218, P=0.027).

The level of resilience and coping style of medical personnel need to be improved. Meanwhile, hospital type, employment form, professional title, marital status and psychological training are the influencing factors of resilience and coping style of medical personnel.

To study the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of HIV/AIDS incidence in China based on surveillance data from 2005 to 2018, to provide support for scientific, orderly, sustainable, and accurate regional prevention and control strategies.

The spatial autocorrelation method was used to explore the characteristics of spatial-temporal differentiation, and then geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) was used to investigate the influencing factors.

Since 2005, the overall spread speed of the AIDS epidemic was accelerating and showed obvious spatial differences demonstrated by unbalanced growth. After 2011, the unbalanced growth accelerated, and the agglomeration trend of the AIDS epidemic in various provinces became more obvious. The spatial nearest neighbor effect was more obvious, and there was an internal expansion trend in the areas below the Bole-Taipei line. Economy, transportation, health care, and education jointly affected the temporal and spatial evolution pattern of HIV/AIDS incidence. Economic factors had a great impact on the spread of AIDS, which was gradually weakening. Most of the traffic factors above the Bole-Taipei line were positive high-value areas and basically remained at a stable level. The influence of medical factors on the incidence of HIV/AIDS was obvious, but it tended to weaken gradually. Educational factors had a great influence on the incidence of HIV/AIDS, and the influence was basically stable.

From the perspective of spatial-temporal data mining, the spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics and neighborhood effects of the incidence of HIV/AIDS are analyzed, and the effects of economic, transportation, medical, and educational factors on the incidence of HIV/AIDS are discussed. This study helps the public understand AIDS visually from a new perspective and has important reference significance for controlling AIDS epidemic and optimizing the allocation of public health resources.

To study the causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and atherosclerosis (AS) by two-sample Mendelian randomized analysis.

The whole genomes of RA and different subtypes of AS were obtained from IEU Open GWAS (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/) database. Two-sample Mendelian randomized analysis was carried out using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger regression, simple mode, weighted mode, and weighted median (WM),and the results were verified by multiple sensitivity analyses.

In total 86 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated with RA were included as instrumental variables in this study. According to IVW, RA was associated with coronary atherosclerosis (OR=1.034, 95%CI: 1.010-1.058) and peripheral atherosclerosis (OR=1.083, 95%CI: 1.041-1.127, P=0.001). Heterogeneity test, horizontal multiple effect analysis, sensitivity analysis, and MR-PRESSO further clarified the causal relationship by Mendelian randomization analysis.

RA has positive causal correlations with coronary atherosclerosis and peripheral atherosclerosis, but there is no causal correlation between AS and RA by reverse MR analysis. RA increases the risk of coronary atherosclerosis and peripheral arteriosclerosis. It is suggested to actively control RA to reduce the risk of AS.

To analyze the incidence and mortality trend of stroke in Chinese population from 2005 to 2019, and to predict the incidence and death from 2020 to 2029.

The incidence and mortality data of stroke in Chinese population according to global burden of disease (GBD) were used. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to analyze the changing trend of stroke incidence and mortality in the population, and the annual change percentage and average annual change percentage and their 95% confidence interval were calculated. The GM（1，1）model was established by R, and the incidence and mortality of stroke in China from 2020 to 2029 were predicted.

The incidence of stroke in China showed an upward trend from 2005 to 2019. The incidence of stroke in men increased from 197.94/100 000 in 2005 to 269.17/100 000 in 2019, with an average annual increase of 2.196% and the fastest increase during 2010 and 2014. The stroke incidence in women rose from 198.57/100 000 in 2005 to 284.46/100 000 in 2019, with an average annual increase of 2.616% and the fastest increase during 2017 and 2019. The male mortality rate showed a slight upward trend. It was predicted that in 2029, the incidence of stroke in China may reach 340.93/100 000 for males and 376.67/100 000 for females, and the mortality rate may reach 191.44/100 000 for males and 126.52/100 000 for females.

The study shows that the incidence of stroke is on the rise in China, and the incidence of stroke in females is higher than that in males. The mortality rate of stroke is on the rise in males. Male and female incidence and male mortality may continue to rise from 2020 to 2029, and stroke prevention and control still need to be strengthened.

To investigate the risk factors related to the recurrence in patients with hemorrhagic stroke and to establish a corresponding risk prediction model to provide reference for reducing the recurrence rate of hemorrhagic stroke.

The patients with hemorrhagic stroke treated in the Department of Encephalopathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022 were included in the study. The clinical data of patients with recurrent hemorrhagic stroke were collected to explore the risk factors related to recurrence of hemorrhagic stroke. The original data were divided into modeling sequence and verification sequence by random grouping method, and the modeling sequence was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses and model construction. The C index, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, standard curve, and clinical decision curve were used to evaluate the discrimination, accuracy, and clinical utility of the model, and the prediction accuracy of the model was verified by verification sequence.

A total of 1 571 patients with hemorrhagic stroke were included, including 253 patients with recurrent hemorrhagic stroke and 1 318 patients with initial hemorrhagic stroke. The original data set was constructed and randomly divided into modeling sequence and verification sequence according to 7:3 ratio. Logistic regression analysis showed that course of disease (OR=3.548, 95%CI: 2.852-4.415), smoking (OR=1.499, 95%CI: 1.136-1.978), drinking (OR=3.330, 95%CI: 2.356-4.709), male (OR=1.424, 95%CI:1.006-2.016), hyperlipidemia (OR=4.372, 95%CI: 2.227-8.584), cerebral infarction (OR=2.254, 95%CI: 1.294-3.928), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR=2.034, 95%CI: 1.220-3.389), prothrombin time (OR=1.103, 95%CI: 1.004-1.211), and homocysteine (OR=1.03, 95%CI: 1.014-1.047) were the influencing factors of recurrence in patients with hemorrhagic stroke, and a risk prediction model was established. The area under the ROC curve of the modeling sequence and the verification sequence was 0.834 (95%CI: 0.810-0.859) and 0.842 (95%CI: 0.804-0.880), respectively, and the standard curves were highly consistent. The results of Hosmer Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test were P=0.900 and P=0.736, respectively, and the thresholds of clinical decision curves were < 0.9 and <0.95, respectively, indicating that the model had high discrimination, calibration, and clinical effectiveness.

Course of disease, smoking, drinking, sex, hyperlipidemia, cerebral infarction, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, prothrombin time and homocysteine are independent risk factors of hemorrhagic stroke. The risk prediction model established in this study can timely identify high-risk patients with recurrent hemorrhagic stroke and prevent the occurrence of adverse events.

To analyze the epidemiological and spatial-temporal aggregation characteristics of other infectious diarrhea (OID) in Hubei Province from 2013 to 2022, to provide scientific basis for disease prevention and control.

The data were collected from the infectious disease surveillance and reporting system of China Disease Prevention and Control Information system. Descriptive epidemiological methods, seasonal index analysis, and spatial autocorrelation analysis were used.

A total of 393 817 OID cases were reported in Hubei Province from 2013 to 2022. The reported annual incidence rate was 49.2/100 000 to 89.2/100 000. The overall incidence increased at first and then decreased. There were two peaks of incidence in winter and summer every year. The incidence rate showed a high-to-low trend from west to east, and the high incidence area changed dynamically with time, mainly in northwest and southwest regions. The sex ratio of reported cases ranged from 1.20 to 1.31, mainly in children under 5 years old (55.3%) and elderly people aged 60 and above(34.0%). The occupational categories were mainly children living at home (53.1%) and farmers (23.0%). Of the reported cases, 43 020(10.9%) were laboratory confirmed cases, of which viral diarrhea accounted for 95.4% and bacterial diarrhea accounted for 4.4%. The results of seasonal index analysis showed that there was a seasonal backshift in the epidemic month of viral diarrhea. The results of spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the Moran I index was between 0.307 and 0.401, and there was spatial aggregation in each year. The number of “high-high” aggregation areas fluctuated and decreased, and the distribution was mainly in the northwest.

The incidence of OID in Hubei Province fluctuates, and there are obvious characteristics of temporal and spatial aggregation. Attention should be paid to the high incidence areas and key populations in the northwest, and the surveillance, prevention, and control of OID should be strengthened.

To investigate the pollution status of arsenic and cadmium in the surrounding area of Daye copper and iron smelter in Huangshi city, Hubei Province, and to evaluate the health risk level of arsenic and cadmium exposure around the mining area.

The pollution status of arsenic and cadmium in environmental media was evaluated by single factor pollution index method and ground accumulation index method, and the health risk assessment model of human exposure pollutants was used to evaluate the health risk of arsenic and cadmium via different exposure pathways.

The single factor pollution index (P_i) of arsenic and cadmium in indoor air and atmosphere were 2.47 and 2.67 (2 < P_i < 3, moderate pollution), respectively, and the P_i of heavy metal arsenic and cadmium in surface water were 1.50 and 1.21, respectively (1 < P_i < 2, mild pollution) in the 10 km range of downwind to southeast of the smelter. The geoaccumulation index (I_geo) of arsenic in sediment samples was 3.87 (3 < I_geo < 4, severe pollution), the I_geo of cadmium was 9.07 (I_geo > 5, severe pollution), the Igeo of arsenic in dust samples was 1.89 (1 < I_geo < 2, moderate pollution), the I_geo of cadmium was 4.80 (4 < I_geo < 5, severe pollution), the I_geo of arsenic in soil samples was 0.27 (0 < I_geo < 1, no moderate pollution), and the I_geo of cadmium was 2.57 (2 < I_geo < 3, moderate-severe pollution). The hazard index (HI) of non-carcinogenic risk of arsenic and cadmium in residents was 11.75 and 1.03, respectively. Exposure to arsenic and cadmium in this area had a potential non-carcinogenic risk to human health. The hazard quotient (HQ) of non-carcinogenic risk of arsenic and cadmium ingested through the digestive tract was 9.89 and 1.03, respectively, and the HQ of respiratory intake was 1.86 and 8.74 × 10^-4, respectively. The HQ of skin contact was 7.47×10^-4 and 2.91×10^-4, respectively. The total carcinogenic risk index (TCR) of arsenic and cadmium was 1.53×10^-3 and 2.15×10^-3, respectively(TCR > 1.00×10^-4). The carcinogenic risk index (R) of arsenic and cadmium intake through digestive tract was 1.53×10^-3 and 2.15×10^-3, respectively. The R value through respiratory tract was 4.10×10^-5 and 1.89×10^-6 respectively, and the R value through skin contact was 4.72×10^-8 and 1.20×10^-7, respectively.

The environmental media in the range of 10 km to the southeast of the smelter are polluted by arsenic and cadmium, and the effects of arsenic and cadmium exposure on the health of residents in the area exceed the acceptable level. The non-carcinogenic risk level and carcinogenic risk level of arsenic and cadmium exposure to residents in this area are as follows: intake through digestive tract > inhalation through respiratory tract > exposure through skin.

To describe children’s unhealthy eating behavior, to explore the influence of individual and family factors on children’s unhealthy eating behavior, and to provide suggestions for children’s health education and promotion.

By using the method of random cluster sampling, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 452 fifth-grade students and their parents from 16 medium-sized primary schools in 4 administrative regions of Beijing.

The percentage of consumption frequency of sugary beverages, sweets, and fried puffed foods ≥ 4 days per week was 13.1%, 19.3%, and 11.0%,respectively. The results of multiple linear regression showed that the stronger ability of perceptual behavior control in personal factors (β=-0.17, P<0.01), stronger subjective supervision in family factors (β=-0.15, P<0.01), less food reserve (β=-0.14, P<0.01), and better parents’ dietary behavior (β=0.14, P<0.01) were associated with better eating behavior.

Children’s unhealthy eating behavior is affected by many family factors. Health education for parents and control and intervention of children’s unhealthy eating behavior should be strengthened.